Memoryscapes and mediascapes: musical formations of ‘pensioners’ in late 20th-century Sweden

Popular Music ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-295
Author(s):  
Sverker Hyltén-Cavallius

AbstractThe late 20th century in Sweden saw the growth of music solely aimed at an elderly audience. This article discusses music within pensioner organisations, first assessing a cassette compilation marketed through the members' magazine of Sweden's largest pensioner organisation and, second, embarking on ethnographies of meetings within a study circle in music-listening arranged through a pensioner organisation, conducted in 1999–2000. The music selection in the cassette compilation diminishes certain genres of the included period and foregrounds others, adding up to a specific homogeneous national memoryscape. A central theme in the study circle was the production and negotiation of generational and individual memoryscapes. The two mediascapes produced different memoryscapes, one being nationally and temporally bounded, the other being at the same time local, transnational and transtemporal. To conclude, the article claims that if we wish to understand the nexus of ageing and music in contemporary society, we need to listen not only to musicians, entrepreneurs and care institutions, but also to their intended audiences.

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity J Callard

Geographers are now taking the problematic of corporeality seriously. ‘The body’ is becoming a preoccupation in the geographical literature, and is a central figure around which to base political demands, social analyses, and theoretical investigations. In this paper I describe some of the trajectories through which the body has been installed in academia and claim that this installation has necessitated the uptake of certain theoretical legacies and the disavowal or forgetting of others. In particular, I trace two related developments. First, I point to the sometimes haphazard agglomeration of disparate theoretical interventions that lie under the name of postmodernism and observe how this has led to the foregrounding of bodily tropes of fragmentation, fluidity, and ‘the cyborg‘. Second, I examine the treatment of the body as a conduit which enables political agency to be thought of in terms of transgression and resistance. I stage my argument by looking at how on the one hand Marxist and on the other queer theory have commonly conceived of the body, and propose that the legacies of materialist modes of analysis have much to offer current work focusing on how bodies are shaped by their encapsulation within the sphere of the social. I conclude by examining the presentation of corporeality that appears in the first volume of Marx's Capital. I do so to suggest that geographers working on questions of subjectivity could profit from thinking further about the relation between so-called ‘new’ and ‘fluid’ configurations of bodies, technologies, and subjectivities in the late 20th-century world, and the corporeal configurations of industrial capitalism lying behind and before them.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan Meis ◽  
J.M. Tyree

Wonder, Horror, Mystery is a dialogue between two friends, both notable arts critics, that takes the form of a series of letters about movies and religion. One of the friends, J.M. Tyree, is a film critic, creative writer, and agnostic, while the other, Morgan Meis, is a philosophy PhD, art critic, and practicing Catholic. The question of cinema is raised here in a spirit of friendly friction that binds the personal with the critical and the spiritual. What is film? What’s it for? What does it do? Why do we so intensely love or hate films that dare to broach the subjects of the divine and the diabolical? These questions stimulate further thoughts about life, meaning, philosophy, absurdity, friendship, tragedy, humor, death, and God. The letters focus on three filmmakers who challenged secular assumptions in the late 20th century and early 21st century through various modes of cinematic re-enchantment: Terrence Malick, Lars von Trier, and Krzysztof Kieślowski. The book works backwards in time, giving intensive analysis to Malick’s To The Wonder (2012), Von Trier’s Antichrist (2009), and Kieślowski’s Dekalog (1988), respectively, in each of the book’s three sections. Meis and Tyree discuss the filmmakers and films as well as related ideas about philosophy, theology, and film theory in an accessible but illuminating way. The discussion ranges from the shamelessly intellectual to the embarrassingly personal. Spoiler alert: No conclusions are reached either about God or the movies. Nonetheless, it is a fun ride.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-105
Author(s):  
Colby Dickinson

AbstractContinental philosophy underwent a ‘return to religion’ or a ‘theological turn’ in the late 20th Century. And yet any conversation between continental philosophy and theology must begin by addressing the perceived distance between them: that one is concerned with destroying all normative, metaphysical order (continental philosophy’s task) and the other with preserving religious identity and community in the face of an increasingly secular society (theology’s task). Colby Dickinson argues inContinental Philosophy and Theologyrather that perhaps such a tension is constitutive of the nature of order, thinking and representation which typically take dualistic forms and which might be rethought, though not necessarily abolished. Such a shift in perspective even allows one to contemplate this distance as not opting for one side over the other or by striking a middle ground, but as calling for a nondualistic theology that measures the complexity and inherently comparative nature of theological inquiry in order to realign theology’s relationship to continental philosophy entirely.


2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Freire

ABSTRACTIn the late 20th century, 300 Mauritanian shepherds travelled to the United Arab Emirates in order to tend the herds of some of that country's most prominent leaders. These low-tech subjects of global migration flows were particularly valued and sought after by their Emirati employers for their expertise in raising camels. I analyse the forms and consequences of this migration, focusing on the reintegration of these shepherds into Mauritanian stratified tribal spheres following their return to the Sahara. The possibility of a change in their social status (after a financially rewarding experience in the Gulf) will be a central theme of this article. This issue arises from the pervasive designation of these shepherds as a ‘tributary’ (znāga) group, through the application of the tripartite social model that, to a large extent, still defines Mauritania's arabophone population.


2014 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 165-188
Author(s):  
Nikolay Aretov

The starting point of Bulgaria in national mythologyThis paper examines the dynamics of ideas on the beginnings of Bulgaria, such as were developed by early nationalism in the 18th and 19th centuries. Surveys show that there were different theses which competed tacitly. It is immediately noticeable that the figure of the Founder was imposed with difficulty and relatively late – in fact not until the 20th century. Paisius of Hilendar and the other authors of early histories presented Bulgarians in the context of Biblical history, and thus the beginning of Bulgarian time was associated with Noah and his sons. This idea was not openly attacked by successive generations, but they alternatively associated Bulgarian time and Bulgaria with the medieval kingdom, and especially with the baptism and deeds of Saints Cyril and Methodius. Among pre-Christian rulers, Khan emerges as significant, presented as Law-Maker and great Warrior, but not as Founder.It is typical for the nationalism of any ideological (and not only ideological) structure to strive for extension – in this case to seek its starting point at an ever earlier date. This proces can also be observed in the structures of Bulgarian nationalism: in the second half of the 20th and early 21st centuries there was a clear focus on the time before the Founder Khan Asparukh (7th century), and scholars and journalists still take pleasure in finding older Bulgarian states. However, before the founding of the Principality of Bulgaria (1878), the opposite was true. (Some) representatives of the revolutionary movement in fact rejected the medieval period and preferred to focus on more recent periods, if not on their time itself and even on the immediate future. More or less unexpectedly, this idea was re-vitalised in the late 20th century with the catch-phrase “the most Bulgarian time” associated with the 1870s. Początek czasu bułgarskiego w mitologii narodowejArtykuł poświęcony jest dynamice funkcjonowania wyobrażeń na temat początków Bułgarii, budowanych w okresie wczesnego nacjonalizmu bułgarskiego (XVIII-XIX wiek). Badania ujawniają obecność różnych, skrycie ze sobą konkurujących tez. Od razu przy tym widać, że figura Założyciela utwierdziła się z trudnością i względnie późno, de facto – w XX wieku. Paisij Chilendarski i inni autorzy wczesnych historiografii umieszczają Bułgarów w kontekście historii biblijnej i w efekcie początek czasu bułgarskiego odsyła do synów Noego. Kolejne pokolenia jawnie nie podważają tej idei, ale początek czasu bułgarskiego wiążą z państwowością, a zwłaszcza z chrztem oraz dziełem Cyryla i Metodego. Spośród władców pogańskich na pierwszy plan wysuwa się chan Krum, który przedstawiany jest jako twórca prawa oraz wielki wojownik, ale nie wprost jako założyciel.Charakterystyczne dla każdego nacjonalizmu, każdej struktury ideologicznej (ale nie tylko), jest to, że się rozszerza, w naszym przypadku – szuka swoich początków coraz bardziej wstecz w czasie. Proces ten można zaobserwować i w konstrukcjach nacjonalizmu bułgarskiego, ale z o wiele późniejszego okresu. W drugiej połowie XX wieku i na początku XXI wieku widać wyraźny zwrot ku czasom sprzed rządów założyciela chana Asparucha (VII w.), tj. kiedy powstawały inne bułgarskie organizmy państwowe (zob. Р. Даскалов, Чудният свят на прабългарите, София 2011). Natomiast przed wyzwoleniem (1878) i powstaniem Księstwa Bułgarii można zaobserwować tendencję przeciwną. Przedstawiciele ruchu rewolucyjnego, a przynajmniej część z nich, odrzuca okres średniowiecza i kieruje swą uwagę ku innym początkom, o wiele bliższym w czasie, nawet pokrywającym się czasem aktualnym lub wręcz odnoszącym się do niedalekiej przyszłości. Wyobrażenie to – mniej lub bardziej nieoczekiwa­nie – zostało zreaktualizowane przez często powtarzającą pod koniec XX wieku frazę „czas najbardziej bułgarski” (E. Karanfiłow), odsyłającą do lat 70. XIX wieku.


2020 ◽  
pp. 019251212096490
Author(s):  
André Lecours

Contrary to the dominant expectations of the late 20th century, secessionism surged in two West European minority national communities, Catalonia and Scotland, over the last decade. Yet, in two others enjoying similar degrees of autonomy, Flanders and South Tyrol, secessionism did not gain strength. This outcome suggests that focusing on the degree of autonomy afforded to minority national communities is misplaced. This article shows that the nature of autonomy is more important than its degree for understanding the strength of secessionism. It demonstrates that the key to autonomy regimes weakening secessionism is their capacity to adjust and expand over time. Dynamic autonomy staves off secessionism while static autonomy stimulates it. The article is based on a controlled comparison of, on the one hand, Catalonia and Scotland, where autonomy regimes have been mostly static during key periods of time, and, on the other hand, Flanders and South Tyrol, where they have been dynamic.


Author(s):  
Oksana S. Rudova

The author of the article tried to trace the formation of the idea about the connection of the works of Vladimir Nabokov with Nikolai Gogol's tradition based on the material of the Russian émigréecritics’ works of and literary critics of the 20th—21st centuries. This process is considered as a progressive one, largely specified by the development of researching idea. The émigréecriticism saw the reason for the similarity these writers’ works in their similar aesthetics based on the relationship of the perception of the world and the human. In turn, literary studies of the late 20th century presented a new way of comparison, where Nabokov's prose is considered to be a complicated fiction on the whole, in which there is not only Nikolai Gogol's subtext, but also allusions to the other writers’ works, called "polygenetics". The author of the article offers a generalisation of methodological nature, indicating different types of literary links.


Author(s):  
Jamie A. Davies

Synthetic biology—the creation of new living systems by design—is a rapidly growing area of science and technology that is attracting attention well beyond the laboratory and is provoking vigorous public debate. ‘Biology: from analysis to synthesis’ explains that the most general definition of synthetic biology works by dividing biology as a whole into analytic and synthetic branches. Synthetic biology is a broad subject partly because of the way it is defined, and partly because it has two distinct and independent historical roots: one intellectually driven and running deep into 19th-century natural philosophy, and the other more practically orientated and emerging from late 20th-century biotechnology.


Author(s):  
Alex Sackey-Ansah

The United States has dealt with issues on immigration for over a century. The largest wave of immigration before the late 20th century began in the 1870s and peaked in 1910 (Foley & Hoge, 2007). In the past few decades, the United States has dealt overwhelmingly with the issue of undocumented immigrants. This challenge has led to different approaches to immigration reform and to help regulate the influx of immigrants across its borders. Generally, however, there have been two major sets of voices indicative of the opinion of the American populace. One group has called for tighter immigration rules to prevent the easy entry of undocumented immigrants who have been branded as criminals. The other group has taken a moral and ethical stance to permit the entry of immigrants and to formulate a process for their legal residency. These two opposing views have triggered an ongoing discussion on undocumented immigrants.


2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Kanfer

It is not often that one gets the opportunity to engage other scholars in lively written dialogue on a topic close to his/her professional heart. So I felt honored to provide the target article on work motivation (Kanfer, 2009), and I looked forward to reading my colleagues’ commentaries. As I had hoped, each commentary was quite stimulating. Some commentaries were also provocative, whereas others were more instructive. Regardless of orientation and issue, however, each commentary reflected a positive, forward-looking tone. That is, from a Reichenbach (1951) perspective, the commentaries seem to emphasize discovery (e.g., building new perspectives and approaches) over justification (e.g., extending, refining, and reconciling extant theories that dominated much of the late 20th century). Although paradigmatic work remains important, its role is cast more in the service of new advances rather than the other way around. As the commentaries also demonstrate, many new ideas and research directions are emerging. Their traction and utility for work motivation scientists and organizational personnel raise exciting, empirical questions.


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