Intake and Digestibility of Silage by Pregnant Sows and Effects of Silage Treatment with Maxgrass Additive

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 154-154
Author(s):  
S A Edwards ◽  
J Weddell ◽  
C Fordyce ◽  
A Cadenhead ◽  
J Rooke
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Octanoic Acid ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Growth Study ◽  
Alternative Feed ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Silage Quality

Grass silage provides an alternative feed for extensively kept sows, but previous experiments have indicated very variable intake and utilisation, dependant on silage quality. ‘Maxgrass’ silage additive (BP Nutrition) is a blend of compounds including ammonium hexamethanoate, ammonium hexapropanoate and octanoic acid. It is designed to modify fermentation, so that the resulting silage retains a higher proportion of water soluble carbohydrates. This should improve the nutritive value for pigs.The experiment comprised two parts: an intake/growth study and a separate digestibility study. The same two experimental silages, either treated with Maxgrass or an untreated control, were offered to groups of pregnant sows in a randomised block experimental design in each experiment. Second cut, mainly perennial ryegrass herbage was cut by mower conditioner and direct ensiled. Alternate loads were left untreated or treated with Maxgrass at a mean rate of 6.04 litres/tonne.

EFFECTS OF SULFUR DIOXIDE ON THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF SILAGE FOR STEERS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. MATHISON ◽  
L. P. MILLIGAN ◽  
J. WOHLLEBE ◽  
R. M. ELOFSON
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
No Value ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Time Treatment ◽  
Time Of Feeding ◽  
Silage Inoculant

Four experiments are described in which the effectiveness of SO2 as a forage treatment before ensiling was evaluated in terms of its influence on silage composition and nutritive value. Retention of added S to the time of feeding was 40% in one experiment and ranged from 17 to 32% in another experiment where SO2 was either applied in the field or at the silo. In general, more water-soluble carbohydrates were preserved in SO2-treated silage. Across all experiments the acetate concentration was reduced (P < 0.05) from 1.7 to 0.9% in the treated silage dry matter (DM). SO2 had no consistent effect on concentrations of other end products of microbial fermentation. In five experiments with legume or alfalfa-grsss silages the apparent digestibility of energy was increased (P < 0.05) by an average 2.6 percentage units whereas DM digestibility was not influenced (P > 0.05) by SO2 treatment. In contrast, energy (P < 0.05) and DM digestibilities were decreased when two cereal silages were treated with SO2. Cattle fed legume or legume-grass silage grew an average of 12.9% faster (P < 0.05) and exhibited a 12.7% improvement (P < 0.05) in DM conversion to liveweight gain in eight comparisons which have been made with SO2-treated forage to date. In contrast SO2 had no influence (P > 0.05) on the performance of steers in one 42-day trial with cereal silage. Further, SO2 was successfully applied in the field as well as at the silo and addition of a silage inoculant to SO2-treated forage was of no value. The use of SO2 as a preservative for legume and alfalfa-grass silage would be economically feasible under some circumstances but at this time treatment of cereal silages with the chemical cannot be recommended. Key words: Sulfur dioxide, silage, silage preservative, steers, nutritive value

9.7 Effect of Ensiling on the Release of Soluble Carbohydrates and Nitrogen During Eating and its Relationship to Intake and Nitrogen Retention

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 187-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Austin ◽  
M. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates

The object of the experiment to be reported was to determine the extent to which intake and eating behaviour are influenced by differences in the ratio of nitrogen (N) to water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) in the feed and the liquid phase of boli obtained from oesophageal fistulae. Four feeds were chosen as being likely to cover a range of N to WSC ratios in the liquid phase; these were frozen lucerne, lucerne silage, grass silage and grass silage treated with formaldehyde (46 g/100 g crude protein).

Combined conservation of jack bean and velvet bean with sorghum: evaluation of lab-scale silages and in vitro assessment of their nutritive value

2014 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 967-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. LIMA-OROZCO ◽  
I. VAN DAELE ◽  
U. ÁLVAREZ-HERNÁNDEZ ◽  
V. FIEVEZ
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Velvet Bean ◽  
Jack Bean ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Silage Quality

SUMMARYThe potential of ensiled sorghum–soybean as a ruminant feed has already been demonstrated; however, alternatives for soybean should be considered because other legumes such as jack bean (JB; Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC.) and velvet bean (VB; Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC) might produce better yields under tropical conditions. First, the possibility for a qualitative conservation of these legumes in combination with sorghum was studied using lab-scale silages. Furthermore, the potential of additional molasses as a source of water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and a microbial inoculant (BIOPRANAL) to improve silage quality were assessed. As sorghum or legume tannins may influence the silage nutritive value, their importance was assessed through the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG), which reduces tannin activity. Therefore, 25 treatments per legume–sorghum combination were created according to a central composite design. An acceptable silage quality was reached when at least half of the fresh biomass consisted of sorghum in combination with at least 15 g of additional WSC/kg fresh material. The nutritive value of mixed silages as well as pure sorghum silage in combination with dry jack beans was determined through in vitro digestibility in the rumen and small intestine. Polyethylene glycol increased the in vitro production of short-chain fatty acids, ammonia (NH3) concentrations and effective rumen dry matter and crude protein degradability for both mixed silages, indicating that tannins reduced rumen degradability. The latter action could be positive as the amount of digestible bypass protein increased when no PEG was added in the silo. Propionate and valerate proportions were increased through PEG addition to sorghum–JB and sorghum–VB silages, respectively, suggesting that the nature of the tannins differ between these legumes.

Yield, persistence, and nutritive value of autumn harvested tall fescue

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Drapeau ◽  
G. Bélanger ◽  
G. F. Tremblay ◽  
R. Michaud
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Harvest Management ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
The Third ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates

Tall fescue, harvested or grazed in autumn, may be a potential source of forage but little is known of the effect of a fall harvest or grazing on yield and nutritive value of tall fescue in the mid-north of eastern Canada (˜ 1400 growing degree-days). Three tall fescue cultivars (Courtenay, Kokanee, and Montebello) were submitted to 10 harvest management treatments (two dates of second harvest and five dates of third harvest) over 3 production years in the Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean region (QC). The cultivars Courtenay and Kokanee were more productive and persistent than Montebello. The annual DM yield decreased by an average of 15% between the first and the second production year and by an average of 35% between the first and the third production year; these decreases were greater (22 and 41%, respectively) when the third harvest was taken in early October. Increasing from 28 to 35 d the interval between the first and second harvests increased DM yield of the second harvest by more than 0.5 Mg ha-1, but caused a greater reduction in DM yield of the third harvest, primarily during the first 2 production years. Third-harvest DM yields of more than 4.0 Mg ha-1 were obtained in the first and second production years, while third-harvest DM yields varied from 2.5 to 3.0 Mg ha-1 in the third production year. With the delay of the third harvest in autumn, the concentration of crude protein decreased to 120 g kg-1 DM, the concentration of water-soluble carbohydrates increased to 150 g kg-1 DM, while that of acid detergent fibre changed very little. Tall fescue has a significant yield potential in late summer and early autumn in the mid-north of eastern Canada, primarily in the first 2 production years. However, harvesting or grazing tall fescue in the week preceding or following the first killing frost will reduce persistence and spring regrowth the following year. Key words: Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) S. J. Darbyshire, cutting management, cultivars, water-soluble carbohydrates

Milk production and composition of dairy cows grazing two perennial ryegrass cultivars allocated in the morning and afternoon

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chen ◽  
R. H. Bryant ◽  
G. R. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Above Ground Level ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of perennial ryegrass cultivar and timing of herbage allocation on herbage nutritive value and milk production of mid-lactation dairy cows. An autumn grazing trial using 48 Friesian × Jersey spring-calving cows was conducted over 10 days. Twelve groups of four cows were allocated to three replicates of four treatments, namely, two perennial ryegrass cultivars (AberMagic or Prospect) offered either after milking in the morning (0830 hours) or afternoon (1630 hours). Cows were offered a daily herbage allowance of 30 kg DM/cow above ground level. There were no significant differences in sward structure and morphological characteristics between cultivars, except for Prospect having a lower average tiller mass (43.1 mg) than AberMagic (48.4 mg). The concentration of water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and organic matter digestibility in DM (DOMD) was greater in AberMagic (180 g/kg, 74.2%) than in Prospect (153 g/kg, 71.4%). Herbage DM percentage, WSC concentration and DOMD were lower in the morning than in the afternoon (18.8% vs 22.3% DM; 154 vs 179 g/kg WSC; 72.1% vs 73.5% DOMD). Herbage DM intake (12.0 kg/cow.day), milk yield (17.2 kg/cow.day) and milksolids yield (1.60 kg/cow.day) did not differ significantly among treatments. Cultivar choice and timing of allocation influenced herbage WSC concentration and digestibility, but did not alter milksolids production.

The Impact of Tedding on Alfalfa Nutritive Value in a Silage Production System

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1115-1118
Author(s):  
Lindsey M. Hartfield ◽  
Matthew Francis Digman
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
List Type ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Silage Production ◽  
The Impact

HighlightsTedding alfalfa reduced moisture content by 108 g kg-1 on a wet basis over a 24 h period.Tedding increased water soluble carbohydrates in harvested alfalfa which could improve silage nutritive value.Tedded alfalfa had similar or lower ash content compared to non-tedded alfalfa.Tedding did not have an observable impact on total digestible nutrients.Abstract. Two treatments, tedded and untedded, were applied to an alfalfa field to determine their impact on the nutritive value of the resulting harvested forage. The tedded treatment area was tedded immediately after the cutting, and the untedded treatment was left in its original 1.5 m width windrow. The tedded alfalfa dried faster (p = 0.001) than the untedded in all cuttings. When results were averaged across the three cuttings, crude protein (p = 0.006), water soluble carbohydrates (p = 0.05), and ash content (p &lt; 0.001) were also observed to be different. The tedded treatment had a 6 g kg-1 lower crude protein content, a 9 g kg-1 higher water soluble carbohydrate content and an 8 g kg-1 lower ash content than the untedded treatment. A difference was not observed between the treatments for neutral detergent fiber (p = 0.49) or total digestible nutrients (p = 0.89). Producers can rely on a tedding intervention to hasten alfalfa drying for silage production while having a minimal impact on forage nutritive value. Keywords: Alfalfa, Forage nutritive value, Medicago sativa, Tedder

The effects of site and season on the yield and nutritive value of cultivars and half-sib families of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne)

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 763 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Smith ◽  
R. J. Simpson ◽  
R. N. Oram
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Sib Families

The effects of site and season on the nutritive value of 16 perennial ryegrass cultivars and 60 half-sib families were assessed at 2 locations in South West Victoria. Crude protein, water-soluble carbohydrates, neutral detergent fibre and in vitro digestibility were measured on vegetative herbage, harvested in either autumn or spring. While no heritable genetic variation for nutritive value parameters was detected in this set of families, consistent differences in the nutritive value of cultivars were measured across sites and seasons. The cultivars Yatsyn1 and Ellett were consistently high in both water-soluble carbohydrates and in vitro digestibility. The differences in mean nutritive value between high and low ranking cultivars were ~40 g/kg water-soluble carbohydrates and 3–5% in vitro digestibility. These consistent differences in forage quality demonstrate the value of measuring forage quality during cultivar evaluation. The identification of cultivars with improved nutritive value will also facilitate the crossing of the alleles that confer this improvement into other genetic backgrounds.

scholarly journals Enhancing the co-ensiling performance of corn stover and cabbage waste via the addition of cellulase

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 6342-6362
Author(s):  
Haiwei Ren ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Yanan Sun ◽  
Quanlin Zhao ◽  
Yongming Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Fermentation Quality ◽  
Silage Quality

Effects of cellulase addition were assessed relative to the co-ensiling performance of air-dried corn stover (DCS) and cabbage waste (CW). The DCS and CW mixtures were co-ensiled with 0 to 0.3% of cellulase addition, and changes in composition, intermediates, and biological activity were characterized. The results showed that the addition of cellulase enhanced the decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose by 2.51 to 6.93% and 3.41%, based on different dosages and compared with the control. Thus, the content of water-soluble carbohydrates increased. The acid content also increased from 5.8% for the control to the range 5.16 to 8.51% for the samples containing cellulase. Moreover, there was a shift from homolactic to heterolactic fermentation with prolonged ensiling time, coupled with the dominant lactic acid bacteria shifting from Paralactobacillus and Lactobacillus to more of Lactobacillus. Thus, the addition of cellulase improved the relative abundance of Lactobacillus. An assessment of fermentation quality, therefore, suggested that cellulase addition can improve the silage quality of DCS/CW during co-ensiling.

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