The Effect of Birth Order and Family Size on Self Concept

1977 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Michaels Nystul
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Family Size ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
American University ◽  
Statistical Procedures ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
Order Position

AbstractThe present study presents an evaluation of the effects of birth order and family size on the self-concept as measured by the 29 scores of the Tennessee Self Concept Scale (TSCS). One hundred and seventeen middle and upper class 18 to 22-year-old female American university students were administered the TSCS and divided into the following birth-order groups: only, first, middle, and last; and family-size groups: subjects that came from two-child families, three or four-child families, and five-or-more-child families. Analysis of variance and t test statistical procedures showed the only-born to have the most favored birth-order position in terms of self-concept and tendencies to avoid the characteristics associated with pathological disorders. The most favored family size (in terms of self-concept and tendency to avoid the characteristics associated with pathological disorders) was three or more children with the least favored being a family with two children.

scholarly journals LOGIC RETAINING POWER AMONG GENDERS AND EFFECT OF TIME CONSTRAINTS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF UNDERGRADS UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imtiaz Husain
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Logic ◽  
University Students ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Time Constraints ◽  
Undergraduate University Students ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
And Performance

Logic has a vital role throughout human history. It considers important for the mental development and performance of the student. The present study was conducted to evaluate the proficiency and logic retaining power and the effect of time constraints on undergraduate university students. Tests comprised of three categories Arithmetic, Algebra, and Geometry. Each section was comprised of 10 questions with four possible answers to respond within the 10 minutes duration. The test was divided into two different questionnaires. One hundred and seventy-five students both males and females took part in the survey and undergo mathematical logic tests. Scores, responding time and differences among the gender profound that males were more logical as compared to females to retain the mathematical logic and performed the assigned task in 23% less time and achieved 20% more scores. Whereas, the significant correlation found among the understanding level of logic, gender gap and the performance among the undergrad’s university students (r = 0.963; P<0.05), which depend upon the factor of time constraints as well as the self-concept and concentration about the topic.

Nonverbal Immediacy Differences among Japanese, Finnish, and American University Students

1991 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-210
Author(s):  
Donald W. Klopf ◽  
Catherine A. Thompson ◽  
Satoshi Ishii ◽  
Aino Sallinen-Kuparinen
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
The Self ◽  
Nonverbal Immediacy ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
American University

The Self-assessment of Immediacy scale was administered to 165 Japanese, 229 Finnish, and 147 American university students. The Japanese scored significantly differently from the Finns and Americans, whose means were not significantly different from each other. Means for the women in the three groups were significantly different from the men's.

Study Skills, Self-Concept, and Academic Achievement

1984 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 923-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette M. Gadzella ◽  
James David Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
University Students ◽  
Grade Point Average ◽  
Study Skills ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Two Measures

This study investigated the relationships between study skills, self-concept, and academic achievement and whether the self-report measures contributed to the prediction of grade-point average for 110 university students. Analysis showed that study skills, self-concepts, and academic achievement correlated significantly with each other; rs ranged from .03 to .52. In addition to the total study skills score, two measures of study skills (oral reporting and interpersonal relations) and one measure of self-concept (personal self) contributed to the prediction of grade-point average.

scholarly journals Attitudes Towards Self-change: A Comparison of Japanese and American University Students

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Crystal ◽  
Kazuo Kato ◽  
Sheryl Olson ◽  
Hirozumi Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
College Students ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
University Students ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
American University

This study examined attitudes related to the possibility of changing cognitions and behaviours among samples of college students in the United States and Japan. Students were asked to identify three things about themselves that they wanted to change, the method they would use to effect these changes, how difficult they thought making such changes would be, and how much they desired to make the changes. Japanese and US students differed significantly in the frequency with which they mentioned all seven aspects of the self that were targeted for change. Students in the United States expressed a desire to improve their sociability, academic achievement and cognitive abilities, physical appearance, and sense of individuality. Students in Japan were most concerned about enhancing their relationships with others, self-control and motivation, and ability to manage practical affairs. In addition, US respondents were more likely than their Japanese counterparts to use behaviour-oriented strategies, to believe it was easy to make self-changes, and to indicate a strong desire to improve the self. The findings are discussed in the context of theories describing different cultural construals of self, and of empirical research on differences between collectivistic and individualistic cultures.

scholarly journals PROCRASTINATION AND SELF-CONCEPT IN MORE/LESS CONSCIENTIOUS STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Berinšterová ◽  
◽  
Miroslava Bozogáňová ◽  
Monika Magdová ◽  
Jana Kapová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negatively Associated

"Given its significant negative consequences for university students, procrastination has been studied extensively and shown to be associated with conscientiousness as a personality trait. Involving 333 university students doing teacher training programmes (68.5% female; Mage=20.51 (SD=1.61); 83.48% undergraduates doing a bachelor’s degree), our study aimed to explore the association between procrastination among more/less conscientious students and selected self-concept variables (self-control, self-efficacy, etc.). Our questionnaire was based on the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (Gosling, Rentfrow, Swann, 2003), the Self-Control Scale (Finkenauer, Engels, Baumeister, 2005), the Self-efficacy Scale (Ko?š, Hefteyova, Schwarzer, Jerusalem, 1993), and the Procrastination Scale for Student Populations (Gabrhelík, 2008); our control variables were gender and well- being (Subjective Well-Being Scale, Chan-Hoong, Soon, 2011). The sample was divided into two groups – (1) less conscientious and (2) more conscientious) – using the method of visual binning in SPSS 20. A t-test for independent samples and linear regression were used for data analysis. The less conscientious students in our sample reported a higher level of procrastination (t=6.479; df=310; p?0.001; Cohen's d=0.681). A linear model was conducted for both groups (the dependent variable being the level of procrastination, the independent variables being gender and the levels of self-control, self-efficacy, and well-being). Both models were significant ((1) F=8.449; p?0.001; R2=32.6; (2) F= 7.277; p?0.001; R2=25.7). Among the less conscientious students, the levels of self-control (?=-0.546; t=-5.262; p?0.001) and self-efficacy (?=-0.238; t=-2.092; p?0.001) were negatively associated with procrastination. Among the more conscientious students, the level of self-control (?=0.404; t=-3.929; p?0.001) was negatively associated with procrastination and “being a man” (0–man; 1–woman) (?=-0.307; t=-3.219; p?0.05) was significantly associated with the level of procrastination. The results of our study show trait and personality differences in the level of procrastination, highlighting the importance of self-control and self-efficacy development among university students. Interactive programmes with an impact on students’ self-concept can be a significant contribution to students’ ability to cope with their study requirements effectively. It could be argued that the limits of this study include cross-sectional and self-reported data."

scholarly journals Relationship between Perceived Quality of Home Environment and Self-Concept of Students at Undergraduate Level

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (I) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Mahvish Fatima Kashif ◽  
Ayesha Batool ◽  
Sana Hafeez
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Home Environment ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of the study was to identify the relationship of different dimensions of perceived quality of home environment and self-concept of undergraduate university students. Correlational research was selected as the research design. The population of the study was university students of the education department of public and private universities of Lahore. The total population was 1760. A proportionate stratified random sampling technique was used to select the sample. The strata were formed on the basis of the nature of the universities. The total number of students selected as the sample was 528. The instrument consisted of three parts; the first part consisted of demographic information (gender, nature of institution). The second part consisted of the Home Environment Inventory, designed by Misra (1983) to measure the quality of the home environment and the third part consisted of the Self-Concept Scale by Rastogi (1979) to measure self-concept. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between the variables. The results indicated a significant relationship between the home environment and the self-concept of university students.

scholarly journals Self-Concept and Self-Esteem among Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-246
Author(s):  
Amna Ajmal ◽  
Aqsa Batool ◽  
Shumaila Abid ◽  
Hina Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Coefficient Of Correlation ◽  
Correlation Techniques

Despite an ample study and analysis of Self concept and Self esteem, not a solitary deconstructive work has been done on the Effect of Self concept on Self esteem. So, this study aimed at the disclosure of all the ways through which self concept affects the self esteem among university students. The research method applied on the paper was quantitative. The study adopted a Multiple Self Concept Scale byBruce A. Bracken and Rosenberg’s Self- esteems scale (Rosenberg, 1965). The collected data analysis was accomplished statistically using the t-test and coefficient of correlation techniques. A sample of 250 students comprised of 75 males and 175 females was taken from BZU Multan. The inferences of the study conceded that Self Concept has a significant effect on Self esteem among university adults. Besides, the research inquiry brought the fact to light that there is, no doubt, a significant disparity of influences of self concept on self esteem between male and female.

Experiences and Expectations in Evaluating Preparation for an Examination

2000 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 895-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Oral Examination ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Personal Optimism ◽  
Past Experiences

The predictability of the evaluation of preparing for an oral examination by means of self-concept and self-esteem as well as optimism and self-efficacy was investigated in a sample of 49 university students. Self-concept was measured by Frankfurter Selbstkonzeptskalen, self-esteem by the 16PF-O scale, personal optimism, social optimism, and self-efficacy by Fragebogen für Personalen Optimismus und Sozialen Optimismus—Erweitert, and the evaluation of the preparation by a self-report sheet. Data were collected 5 wk. before the examination. The self-report sheet was given again one week before the examination. Significant correlations of self-report scores with self-concept scores as well as 16PF-O scores representing past experiences were found for the first assessment. The correlations with personal optimism scores and self-efficacy scores representing expectations were also significant for the second assessment.

scholarly journals Emotional Intelligence Profiles of University Students with Motor Disabilities: Differential Analysis of Self-Concept Dimensions

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Suriá-Martínez ◽  
Juan Manuel Ortigosa Quiles ◽  
Antonio Riquelme Marin
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
University Students ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Differential Analysis ◽  
Motor Disabilities ◽  
Mood Repair ◽  
Mood Scale ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Reduced Mobility

Background: This study compares the self-concept of students that have motor disabilities with that of students in the normative group. It also considers whether there are EI (emotional intelligence) profiles based on combinations of EI components (attention, clarity, and mood repair). Finally, it analyzes whether there are statistically significant differences in self-concept based on the EI profiles found. Method: 102 university students with motor disabilities participated. The age range was 19–33 (M = 20.22, SD = 4.36). The Escala de Autoconcepto Forma 5 (Self-Concept Scale Form 5, AF5) and the Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24 (TMMS-24) were administered. Results: The scores for self-concept were lower in the sample of students with reduced mobility. The cluster analysis also identified three different EI profiles: one group of young people with high general EI scores, one group with high scores for clarity and mood repair, and a last group of students with low EI scores. Finally, the ANOVA showed better self-concept in the group with high scores in the three EI dimensions. The results suggest that better self-concept is associated with a high EI profile. Conclusions: It would be interesting to provide programs that consider EI in more depth to strengthen these students’ self-concept.

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