Computer system architecture for image and spectral processing

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
Peter Rez ◽  
D.J. Fathers
Keyword(s):  
Computer System ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Spectral Processing ◽  
Good Definition ◽  
Imaging And Spectroscopy ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Electrical Connections

In this paper we shall discuss digital imaging and spectroscopy systems from the perspective of a system designer and we shall concentrate on those design choices that limit performance in microscopy and analysis applications. The hardware of a computer system can be broken down into three main components. These are the processor which performs arithmetic and logical operations, the memory for storing data and instructions and the peripherals for long term data storage (disks, tapes) and communication with the outside world. Linking these components is a data highway or bus for passing digital information from one section of the machine to another. A good definition of a bus is a set of interconnections with a defined procedure (protocol) for information transmission. In many small systems the bus is not only a set of electrical connections but is also an enclosure (a backplane) into which the different modules (processor, memory, peripheral controllers) are added.

scholarly journals Strategic Directions of Development of Informatization of Domestic Education of Digital Information Technologies Period

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 145-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena V. Robert
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Systematic Application ◽  
Digital Information Technology ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Pedagogical Science

The article presents significant changes in the field of education, taking place in connection with the active and systematic application of digital information technologies. The main directions of development of informatization of domestic education in conditions of realization of opportunities of digital information technologies are justified and described. The high-level characteristics of the main components of traditional pedagogical science (including didactics) and pedagogical science in conditions of informatization of education of the period of digital technologies have been revealed. The definition of didactics of digital information technology period is presented.

scholarly journals The methodology of creating a sole computerized system for the exchange of pharmaceutical information in Ukraine: unified pharmaceutical registers of standardized information

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
І. Ю. Рев’яцький ◽  
А. І. Бойко
Keyword(s):  
Computer System ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Information Structure ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Medical Products ◽  
State Register ◽  
Definition Of

Reforming the pharmaceutical component of healthcare in Ukraine is accompanied by the active introduction of innovative digital information technologies. This confirms the relevance of processing the methodology of computerization of pharmaceutical information exchange processes. Purpose of the research was taking into account the standards of computer systems, to develop a methodology for creating a unified register of pharmaceutical and medical products as the basis for an effective system for the digital exchange of pharmaceutical information in Ukraine. Objects of research: pharmaceutical information, information flows in integration with the processes that accompany it in the system of providing the population with pharmaceutical and medical products. The ontology of the pharmaceutical supply system for the population of Ukraine has been processed by the methods of pharmaceutical informatics. In particular, the methodology of creation and structuring of pharmaceutical computer databases, ontological analysis of the functional structure of the pharmaceutical system, and coding of pharmaceutical information were used. Results: the definition of the term «pharmaceutical and medical products/product» (PhMP) is specified; enterprises or their structural subdivisions – components of the pharmaceutical supply system for the population – are conditionally classified by the type of logistic processes of the specified system; enterprises or their structural units – components of the drug supply system for the population – were conditionally classified according to the type of logistic processes of the specified system; the types of products that are consumed (used) when creating a PhMP were identified; a list of specialists has been indicated and steps were given that are necessary to implement the task of building a Unified Register (UR) of PhMP; the methodology for the development of the information structure of the UR of PhMP and its sub-registries (which can also act as autonomous registries) has been presented; the structure of the State Register of Medicinal Products of Ukraine has been considered from the point of view of using the information available in it when constructing the UR of PhMP. A methodology has been developed for the creation of the UR of PhMP.as the basis for an effective digital exchange of pharmaceutical information in Ukraine. The expediency of introducing a system for using the Unified Identifiers as the main condition for the functioning of the Unified Computer System for the Exchange of Pharmaceutical Information in Ukraine has been substantiated. An analysis of the sources of basic pharmaceutical information has been carried out for the formation of Unified Registers. An algorithm has been developed for constructing unified registers and their functioning (including integral links between individual Unified Registries) as components of the Unified Computer System for the Exchange of Pharmaceutical Information in Ukraine.

scholarly journals Aerolysin nanopores decode digital information stored in tailored macromolecular analytes

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (50) ◽  
pp. eabc2661
Author(s):  
Chan Cao ◽  
Lucien F. Krapp ◽  
Abdelaziz Al Ouahabi ◽  
Niklas F. König ◽  
Nuria Cirauqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Single Molecule Level ◽  
Ultrahigh Density ◽  
Digital Data Storage ◽  
Alternative Solutions

Digital data storage is a growing need for our society and finding alternative solutions than those based on silicon or magnetic tapes is a challenge in the era of “big data.” The recent development of polymers that can store information at the molecular level has opened up new opportunities for ultrahigh density data storage, long-term archival, anticounterfeiting systems, and molecular cryptography. However, synthetic informational polymers are so far only deciphered by tandem mass spectrometry. In comparison, nanopore technology can be faster, cheaper, nondestructive and provide detection at the single-molecule level; moreover, it can be massively parallelized and miniaturized in portable devices. Here, we demonstrate the ability of engineered aerolysin nanopores to accurately read, with single-bit resolution, the digital information encoded in tailored informational polymers alone and in mixed samples, without compromising information density. These findings open promising possibilities to develop writing-reading technologies to process digital data using a biological-inspired platform.

scholarly journals A highly parallel strategy for storage of digital information in living cells

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azat Akhmetov ◽  
Andrew D. Ellington ◽  
Edward M. Marcotte
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Nucleotide Substitutions ◽  
Dna Recovery ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Long Term Storage

AbstractEncoding arbitrary digital information in DNA has attracted attention as a potential avenue for large scale and long term data storage. However, in order to enable DNA data storage technologies there needs to be improvements in data storage fidelity (tolerance to mutation), the facility of writing and reading the data (biases and systematic error arising from synthesis and sequencing), and overall scalability. To this end, we have developed and implemented an encoding scheme that is suitable for detecting and correcting errors that may arise during storage, writing, and reading, such as those arising from nucleotide substitutions, insertions, and deletions. We propose a scheme for parallelized long term storage of encoded sequences that relies on overlaps rather than the address blocks found in previously published work. Using computer simulations, we illustrate the encoding, sequencing, decoding, and recovery of encoded information, ultimately demonstrating the possibility of a successful round-trip read/write. These demonstrations show that in theory a precise control over error tolerance is possible. Even after simulated degradation of DNA, recovery of original data is possible owing to the error correction capabilities built into the encoding strategy. A secondary advantage of our method is that the statistical characteristics (such as repetitiveness and GC-composition) of encoded sequences can also be tailored without sacrificing the overall ability to store large amounts of data. Finally, the combination of the overlap-based partitioning of data with the LZMA compression that is integral to encoding means that the entire sequence must be present for successful decoding. This feature enables inordinately strong encryptions. As a potential application, an encrypted pathogen genome could be could be distributed and carried by cells without danger of being expressed, and could not even be read out in the absence of the entire DNA consortium.

High energy resolution spectrometer for the dedicated STEM

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 558-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.E. Batson
Keyword(s):  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Core Loss ◽  
Beam Current ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Resolution ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
Good Definition ◽  
Loss Analysis ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Acceleration Voltage

Use of the STEM to obtain precise electronic information has been hampered by the lack of energy loss analysis capable of a resolution and accuracy comparable to the 0.3eV energy width of the Field Emission Source. Recent work by Park, et. al. and earlier by Crewe, et. al. have promised magnetic sector devices that are capable of about 0.75eV resolution at collection angles (about 15mR) which are great enough to allow efficient use of the STEM probe current. These devices are also capable of 0.3eV resolution at smaller collection angles (4-5mR). The problem that arises, however, lies in the fact that, even with the collection efficiency approaching 1.0, several minutes of collection time are necessary for a good definition of a typical core loss or electronic transition. This is a result of the relatively small total beam current (1-10nA) that is available in the dedicated STEM. During this acquisition time, the STEM acceleration voltage may fluctuate by as much as 0.5-1.0V.

Central Otago - Built on gold, growing on grass.

2014 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Barrie J. Wills
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Land Use ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
District Council ◽  
Definition Of

A warm welcome to our "World of Difference" to all delegates attending this conference - we hope your stay is enjoyable and that you will leave Central Otago with an enhanced appreciation of the diversity of land use and the resilient and growing economic potential that this region has to offer. Without regional wellbeing the national economy will struggle to grow, something Central Government finally seems to be realising, and the Central Otago District Council Long Term Plan 2012-2022 (LTP) signals the importance of establishing a productive economy for the local community which will aid in the economic growth of the district and seeks to create a thriving economy that will be attractive to business and residents alike. Two key principles that underpin the LTP are sustainability and affordability, with the definition of sustainability being "… development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs."

COMPETENCE APPROACH IN EUROPEAN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: ESSENCE AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS (ARCHETYPAL ASPECT)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (14) ◽  
pp. 132-143
Author(s):  
Martha Ivanivna Karpa
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
European Public ◽  
Territorial Organization ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Definition Of

The article reveals the main features of the competence approach in the practice of European public administration. The features of the competence approach in public administration are determined on the basis of analysis of the basic concepts of public administration. In the dynamics of the formation and development of popular theories of interaction between state and local authorities, such as the theory of a free community, community (public) and public and state (the theory of municipal dualism), we can trace a number of characteristic features of a competency approach, which manifests itself both through the general theoretical relations and manifestations, and through the practice of coexistence of public authorities. There is a problem of definition and distribution of public functions as a prerequisite for defining and shaping the competences of public institutions. An important issue in the context of a competent approach is the institutional consolidation of functions in the context of the existence of the basic models of territorial organization of power. In each of the varieties of the Governance concept (Responsive Governance concept, Democratic Governance concept, Good Governance concept), the specifics of the use of competencies are defined. The archetypal symbols in the European public administration are singled out using the analysis of competence in public administration in its main constituents. A brief description of the archetypal aspect of European public administration is given. The main components of competence are shown in connection with the existing archetypal symbols and the characteristic trends of their development. Their connection is shown according to the scheme “the entity component (who?) — the object component (what?) — the administrative component (how?) — the basis (in what environment?)”. Concerning the trends of development of a competence approach in the context of practice and theory of public administration, it is determined that modern concepts of public administration are characterized by shifting the balance between state and public institutions to the sphere of common goals and tasks, and thus responsibility. The joint activity of all subjects of society requires new forms of cooperation, definition of the spheres and subjects of each entity’s activity for effective cooperation, distribution of functions and competences of the entities, formation and consolidation of their status characteristics.

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