A distance sampling survey of the Critically Endangered Straw-headed Bulbul Pycnonotus zeylanicus in Singapore

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
WEN XUAN CHIOK ◽  
ELIZE Y. X. NG ◽  
QIAN TANG ◽  
JESSICA G. H. LEE ◽  
FRANK E. RHEINDT
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Distance Sampling ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Population Estimate ◽  
Density Estimates ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Census Methods ◽  
Systematic Field ◽  
Regional Conservation

Summary The Straw-headed Bulbul Pycnonotus zeylanicus is one of South-East Asia’s most threatened songbirds due to relentless demand for the regional cage-bird trade. The species was recently uplisted from ‘Endangered’ to ‘Critically Endangered’ only two years after its previous uplisting. Intriguingly, populations in highly urbanised Singapore appear relatively secure. However, the last Singaporean density estimates, derived from traditional census methods, were obtained nearly two decades ago in 2001. A recent population estimate in 2016 was derived from the census work in 2001 coupled with relative abundance indices from population trends. We thus performed systematic field surveys using the distance sampling method, estimating 573 ± 185 individuals nation-wide, with a break-down of 217 ± 81 on the main island of Singapore and 356 ± 104 birds on the satellite of Pulau Ubin. Taken together, the total population estimate reported here comprises 22.9–57.3% of the global wild population, underscoring the importance of Singapore as a stronghold for the species. In spite of its apparently secure status in Singapore, the species remains susceptible to local and foreign trapping pressures. Based on our assessment, we propose a number of local and regional conservation measures to ensure the continued survival of populations in Singapore.

scholarly journals First estimates of primate density and abundance in Siberut National Park, Mentawai Islands, Indonesia

Oryx ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 364-367
Author(s):  
Marcel C. Quinten ◽  
Fifin Nopiansyah ◽  
J. Keith Hodges
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Distance Sampling ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Density Estimates ◽  
Mentawai Islands ◽  
Major Significance ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Simias Concolor ◽  
Primate Density

AbstractIn 2011 we carried out the first systematic survey to determine the density and abundance of endemic forest primates in Siberut National Park, in the Mentawai Islands of West Sumatra, Indonesia. Distance sampling was employed to survey 18 transects located systematically throughout the Park, yielding a total survey effort of 192 km and 285 observations of primates for data analysis. From density estimates for the four resident primate species, the Siberut langur Presbytis siberu, the pig-tailed snub-nosed langur Simias concolor, Kloss's gibbon Hylobates klossii and the Siberut macaque Macaca siberu, we extrapolated a total population of c. 51,000 primates within the Park. We conclude that Siberut National Park is of major significance for the continued survival of Siberut's endemic primates, and provide recommendations to help ensure that it will continue to function as a refuge for primates.

scholarly journals ENERAPAN ETOS KERJA PEGAWAI PADA STASIUN KIPM KELAS II BENGKULU

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anggri Puspita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Work Ethic ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Census Methods ◽  
Descriptive Statistical Analysis

Anggri Puspita Sari; Sumber daya manusia sebagai salah satu faktor yang memainkan peran penting dalam keberhasilan atau kegagalan organisasi dalam mencapai tujuannya. Setiap organisasi tentu saja selalu ingin bergerak maju dengan keterlibatan anggotanya untuk meningkatkan kualitas kinerjanya, termasuk setiap organisasi harus memiliki etos kerja. Etos kerja adalah pandangan seseorang dan sikap terhadap pekerjaan dipraktekkan. Etos kerja yang dimiliki oleh seseorang atau karyawan akan menjadi sumber motivasi bagi tindakannya. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan penerapan etos kerja karyawan di Kelas II KIPM Stasiun Bengkulu. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS) di SKIPM Kelas II Bengkulu berjumlah 24 orang. Metode sensus metode sampling yang digunakan, sehingga total populasi unit analisis. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Secara umum, hasil analisis deskriptif statistic menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor etos kerja rata-rata karyawan KIPM Stasiun Kelas II Bengkulu telah di kedua kategori. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa secara umum etos kerja karyawan KIPM Stasiun Kelas II Bengkulu telah melakukan tugas dan fungsi yang memberikan layanan kepada masyarakat sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku mereka. Anggri Puspita Sari; Human resources as one of the factors that play important roles input success or failure of an organization in achieving its goals. Each organization is of course always want to move forward with the involvement of its members to improve the quality of its performance, including every organization should have a work ethic. The work ethic is a person's view and attitude towards work is practiced. Work ethic is owned by a person or employee will be a source of motivation for his actions. The goal in this research is to analyze and describe the application of the work ethic of employees in Class II KIPM Station Bengkulu. The population in this study are all Civil Servants (PNS) in SKIPM Class II Bengkulu numbered 24 people. The sampling method used census methods, so that the total population of the unit of analysis. The analytical method used is descriptive qualitative. In general, the results of descriptive statistical analysis showed that the factors of employee work ethic KIPM Station Class II Bengkulu average has been in both categories. This shows that in general the work ethic of employees KIPM Station Class II Bengkulu have done their duties and functions that provide services to the public in accordance with applicable regulations.Key Word: Work Ethic, Civil Servants

scholarly journals Population estimates and habitat use by the Critically Endangered Taita Apalis Apalis fuscigularis in south-eastern Kenya

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCA BORGHESIO ◽  
DAINA SAMBA ◽  
MWANGI GITHIRU ◽  
LEON BENNUN ◽  
KEN NORRIS
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Habitat Structure ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Distance Sampling ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Global Population

SummaryThe Taita Apalis Apalis fuscigularis (IUCN category: Critically Endangered) is a species endemic to south-eastern Kenya. We assessed population size and habitat use in the three forest sites in which it is known to occur (Ngangao, Chawia and Vuria, totalling 257 ha). The estimate of total population size, derived from distance sampling at 412 sample points, ranged from 310 to 654 individuals, with the northern section of Ngangao fragment having 10-fold higher densities than Chawia (2.47–4.93 versus 0.22–0.41 birds ha−1). Ngangao north alone hosted 50% of the global population of the species. The highly degraded Vuria fragment also had moderately high densities (1.63–3.72 birds ha−1) suggesting that the species tolerates some human disturbance. Taita Apalis prefers vegetation with abundant climbers, but the predictive power of habitat use models was low, suggesting that habitat structure is not a primary cause for the low density of the species in Chawia. Protecting the subpopulation in the northern section of Ngangao is a priority, as is identifying factors responsible of the low abundance in Chawia, because ameliorating conditions in this large fragment could substantially increase the population of Taita Apalis.

Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan dan Good Corporate Governance (GCG) Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan

MBIA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rolia Wahasusmiah
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Good Corporate Governance

This study aims to determine the effect of financial performance and good corporate governance (GCG) on the value of companies in manufacturing companies listed on the stock exchange Indonesia. The type of data used is secondary data in the form of annual report 2016. Population used in this study are all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). This research uses purposive sampling method with total population of 144 companies and sample of 31 companies. The results show that simultaneously ROA, OPM, NPM, KM, and KI have a positive influence on firm value. While partially ROA  have a positive influence on firm value. While OPM, NPM, KM, and KI have no positive influence on firm value).

scholarly journals Evaluating Alternative Flight Plans in Thermal Drone Wildlife Surveys—Simulation Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1102
Author(s):  
Julia Witczuk ◽  
Stanisław Pagacz
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Distance Sampling ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Density Estimates ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Survey Costs ◽  
Random Survey ◽  
Density Population

The rapidly developing technology of unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) extends to the availability of aerial surveys for wildlife research and management. However, regulations limiting drone operations to visual line of sight (VLOS) seriously affect the design of surveys, as flight paths must be concentrated within small sampling blocks. Such a design is inferior to spatially unrestricted randomized designs available if operations beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) are allowed. We used computer simulations to assess whether the VLOS rule affects the accuracy and precision of wildlife density estimates derived from drone collected data. We tested two alternative flight plans (VLOS vs. BVLOS) in simulated surveys of low-, medium- and high-density populations of a hypothetical ungulate species with three levels of effort (one to three repetitions). The population density was estimated using the ratio estimate and distance sampling method. The observed differences in the accuracy and precision of estimates from the VLOS and BVLOS surveys were relatively small and negligible. Only in the case of the low-density population (2 ind./100 ha) surveyed once was the VLOS design inferior to BVLOS, delivering biased and less precise estimates. These results show that while the VLOS regulations complicate survey logistics and interfere with random survey design, the quality of derived estimates does not have to be compromised. We advise testing alternative survey variants with the aid of computer simulations to achieve reliable estimates while minimizing survey costs.

A refined circumscription of Notobubon striatum and the resurrection of Dregea collina Ecklon & Zeyher (Apiaceae, Apioideae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 266 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTHONY R. MAGEE ◽  
ODETTE E. CURTIS ◽  
B-E. VAN WYK
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Type Material ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Extensive Field

Extensive field surveys of the Critically Endangered Central and Eastern Rûens Shale Renosterveld have uncovered that Notobubon striatum, as currently circumscribed, comprises two distinct species. Upon careful examination of the type material it has become clear that names exist for both species. The type specimen of N. striatum clearly matches the lesser known species, a large shrub, ca. 1 m. tall, with a powerful anise-scent and which is restricted to the banks of seasonal rivers and watercourses in the Central and Eastern Rûens Shale Renosterveld. The second and better known entity, with a wider distribution, corresponds to the type material of Dregea collina Ecklon & Zeyher. As such, a new combination, Notobubon collinum (Ecklon & Zeyher) Magee, is here made to accommodate this taxon, restricted to dry quartz and silcrete patches or outcrops in Eastern Rûens Shale Renosterveld. In their revised circumscriptions N. striatum and N. collinum are readily distinguished by habit, scent, leaf size and division, as well as leaf lobe shape and sepal size. Comprehensive descriptions of both species are provided, together with notes on their ecology and conservation status, and the existing key to the species of Notobubon updated. This brings the number of recognised species in the genus to thirteen.

scholarly journals Coastal Nutrition Status of the Country Reviewed from Social Culture and Islamic Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Eliska Eliska ◽  
Nurhayati Nurhayati ◽  
Petti Sitti Fatimah
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Daily Work

Coastal communities are people who live and carry out socio-economic activities that depend on coastal resources, one of which is fishermen. The cultural identity of coastal communities as a whole is formed from the culture of fishermen who are directly related to the management of coastal and marine resources. Nutritional problems arise not only from health problems but also influenced by social culture and religion. The design of this study uses quantitative research with a Cross Sectional.The sample is the total population selected by the purposive sampling method, which is 71 students from five schools. The instrument in this study used a questionnaire. Techniques and data processing are carried out by using a computer program to present data in the form of frequency and then the results are presented in the table. It is known that there is a relationship between nutritional status and socio-culture in coastal communities because the nutritional status of school-age children is below the threshold of 25.4%, and 12.7% is very thin. This happens because most parents of students have daily work as fishermen so that the lack of income from parents causes children's nutritional intake to decrease, while seen from the cultural tribes of the coastal community there are more Javanese tribes which result in low nutritional status due to lack of variety in food intake.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERILAKU PENGGUNAAN ALAT PELINDUNG DIRI (APD) PADA PEKERJA PERKEBUNAN SAWIT PT. KEDATON MULIA PRIMAS JAMBI TAHUN 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Melda Yenni
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Workplace Accidents ◽  
Study Population ◽  
And Training

The increasing of growth of any oil palm crop is not accompanied by safe behavior in the use of PPE in oil palm plantations. This is evident from most workers who do not work safely by not using PPE when they accomplished their activities. This study aims to determine of the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to workers in oil palm plantations. This is a quantitative research with cross sectional.The study population was all plantation workers totaling 77 workers and the sampling technique using total sampling method from the total total population of 77 workers. The results showed that the behavior of using PPE was in the bad category at 61.0%. Knowledge (p = 0.031), attitude (p = 0.001) and training (0.018) are variables that have a relationship with the use of PPE. Conclusions show that most workers know about the use of PPE but workers do not believe that one way to reduce the risk of workplace accidents is by using personal protective equipment and most of them have said that they have attended training in the use of personal protective equipment.

scholarly journals The oat-like grass Trisetopsis aspera (Munro ex Thwaites) Röser & A.Wölk (Poaceae): a new record for the flora of central Western Ghats of Karnataka, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 17601-17603
Author(s):  
H.U. Abhijit ◽  
Y.L. Krishnamurthy ◽  
K. Gopalakrishna Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
New Record ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Central Western Ghats

For the documentation of grasses in the central Western Ghats of Karnataka, we have conducted the extensive field surveys by using random sampling method from 2017 to 2020.  During this survey we have collected some grass specimens from the shola grassland, which forms the new distributional record of Trisetopsis aspera (Munro ex Thwaites) Roser & A. Wolk to the flora of central Western Ghats, Karnataka, India from the montane high- lands of Baba Budangiri hills of Chikkamagaluru District.

scholarly journals COMPETITIVENESS, MARKETING ACCESS, AND NETWORK CAPABILITY AND ITS IMPACTS ON MARKETING PERFORMANCE

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teguh Iman Sayekti ◽  
Euis Soliha
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Marketing Performance ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Network Capability

<p><em>This study is to determine what factors influencingthe performance of SMEs. The population in this study is SMEs in the Central Java. Sample collection was conducted with a purposive sampling method. Criteriaused to take into accountis the SMEs that are already running at leastfortwo years. The sample in this study is intended as the representative of total population,67 (sixty seven). The data were processed and analyzed by computer program of SPSS 20 for Windows. Based on the results of regression analysis, it can be concluded that competitiveness has positive and significant impact on marketing performance marketing access has positive and significant impact on marketing performance. It means that the higher competitiveness and marketing access, the higher its performance. Competitiveness and marketing access have influence on SMEs’ performance through network capability.   </em></p>

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