scholarly journals Aerobic environment ensures viability and anti-oxidant capacity when seeds are wet with negative effect when moist: implications for persistence in the soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelino Carta ◽  
Stefania Bottega ◽  
Carmelina Spanò
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Temporary Ponds ◽  
Anoxic Conditions ◽  
Seed Persistence ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Anti Oxidant

AbstractInterchangeable effects of temperature, moisture content and oxygen on seed longevity have been mostly examined to estimate seed viability during long-term dry storage, whereas few experiments have studied seed viability under near-natural conditions to evaluate seed persistence in the soil. To this end, we artificially aged seeds ofRanunculus baudotii, a hydrophyte widely distributed in temporary ponds constituting an abundant soil seed bank. Seeds were exposed to controlled ageing at three different relative humidities (RH) under both aerobic and anoxic conditions. Their viability, water content, membrane damage, oxidative stress and anti-oxidant enzymatic defence activity were evaluated. Seed survival was longer at higher relative humidity (97% RH), and lowest at a relative humidity (90% RH) simulating moist but not waterlogged soils. Anoxic conditions showed a protective role on viability at lower moisture contents (70% RH). Seed viability was negatively associated with hydrogen peroxide content and correlated with anti-oxidant enzyme activities, but not with membrane damage. Altogether, these results suggest negative roles for moist soils and anoxia in determining seed persistence in the field, but at higher moisture contents the negative effects of anaerobia diminished. The anti-oxidant system activation, even under unfavourable conditions, might recover seeds once all protective processes can operate, pointing out the plasticity of mechanisms involved in seed loss viability.

scholarly journals Temperature and Relative Humidity Govern Germination and Storage of Gladiolus Seed

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1054-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.J. Carpenter ◽  
G.J. Wilfret ◽  
J.A. Cornell
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Germination Temperature ◽  
And Storage

Gladiolus (G. grandiflorus) seed germination was light-independent, but temperature influenced the germination rate. Constant 20C promoted higher total germination (97%), fewer days (4.3) to 50% of final germination, and shorter span of days (4.8) between 10% and 90% germination than other constant temperatures, although similar results were achieved by alternating 12-h cycles of 20 to 25C. Total germination was unchanged after seed treatment for 7 days at 10 to -20C, but longer germination periods were required after treatments below -10C. Reducing seed moisture contents from 11.8% to 4.2% caused no reduction in total germination, but moisture contents below 6.6% delayed achieving 50% of final germination and extended the periods from 10% to 90% of germination. Temperature and relative humidity (RH) during storage were important in retaining seed viability, with RH having a larger effect. Smallest declines in total germination during 12 months of storage occurred at 11% and 33% RH at 15C. The statistical analysis estimated the optimum seed storage at 14C and 26% RH.

scholarly journals Seed viability constants for Eucalyptus grandis

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-117
Author(s):  
Jussara Bertho Fantinatti ◽  
Roberto Usberti
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Seed Longevity ◽  
Aluminium Foil ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Controlled Deterioration

This work aimed to analyse Eucalyptus grandis W.Hill ex Maiden seed behaviour, under controlled deterioration, and to estimate viability equation constants for the species. Seeds were harvested in the growing season of 1999, and the moisture contents were adjusted from 11.3% to a range between 1.2 and 18.1% at 25ºC. The subsamples were sealed into laminate aluminium-foil packets, for storage in incubators at 40, 50 and 65±0.5ºC. The seeds presented orthodox performance, in which the constants for predicting seed longevity of E. grandis were K E = 9.661, C W = 6.467, C H = 0.03498 and C Q = 0.0002330. The usual and inverse relationship between water content and seed longevity was also observed. The lowest moisture content limit for application of the viability equation at 65ºC was 4.9%, estimated under hygroscopic equilibrium with 23% of relative humidity in the storage environment.

scholarly journals The Protective Role of Sestrin2 in Atherosclerotic and Cardiac Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1200
Author(s):  
Yoshimi Kishimoto ◽  
Kazuo Kondo ◽  
Yukihiko Momiyama
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Atherosclerotic Disease ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Compensatory Response ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Progression Of Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerotic disease, such as coronary artery disease (CAD), is known to be a chronic inflammatory disease, as well as an age-related disease. Excessive oxidative stress produced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Sestrin2 is an anti-oxidant protein that is induced by various stresses such as hypoxia, DNA damage, and oxidative stress. Sestrin2 is also suggested to be associated with aging. Sestrin2 is expressed and secreted mainly by macrophages, endothelial cells, and cardiomyocytes. Sestrin2 plays an important role in suppressing the production and accumulation of ROS, thus protecting cells from oxidative damage. Since sestrin2 is reported to have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, it may play a protective role against the progression of atherosclerosis and may be a potential therapeutic target for the amelioration of atherosclerosis. Regarding the association between blood sestrin2 levels and atherosclerotic disease, the blood sestrin2 levels in patients with CAD or carotid atherosclerosis were reported to be high. High blood sestrin2 levels in patients with such atherosclerotic disease may reflect a compensatory response to increased oxidative stress and may help protect against the progression of atherosclerosis. This review describes the protective role of sestrin2 against the progression of atherosclerotic and cardiac diseases.

EFFECT OF MOISTURE CONTENT ON VIABILITY AND INFESTATION OF HULLESS TERRA OATS IN STORAGE

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 911-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. SINHA ◽  
N. D. G. WHITE ◽  
H. A. H. WALLACE ◽  
R. I. H. McKENZIE
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Mite Infestation ◽  
Tyrophagus Putrescentiae ◽  
Adsorption And Desorption ◽  
Safe Storage ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Effect Of Moisture

The effects of various seed moisture contents in hulless (cv. Terra) and hulled oats (cv. Random) on susceptibility to mite infestation and on mycofloral growth and germination loss were studied at weekly intervals. Fat acidity values were determined for Terra oats only after 4 wk of storage. Moisture content-relative humidity adsorption and desorption curves were determined for Terra at 22 °C and at relative humidities of 35–100%. Terra oats, which had a higher level of Penicillium infection at 90–100% RH than Random oats, lost viability more rapidly than Random. Fat acidity values of Terra increased rapidly from 35 mg KOH/100 g of seed to 87–118 mg KOH/100 g of seed, only when seeds were stored at 90–100% RH. Terra offered a more favorable substrate for the multiplication of the mites Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Acarus farris, and Lepidoglyphus destructor than did Random. With the exception of susceptibility to mite infestation, safe storage criteria are similar for hulled and hulless oats at usual moisture contents.

Ageing in embryos from wheat grains stored at different temperatures: oxidative stress and antioxidant response

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmelina Spanò ◽  
Stefania Bottega ◽  
Roberto Lorenzi ◽  
Isa Grilli
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Native Page ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Enzymatic Machinery

In the present work we studied oxidative stress as an important cause of seed deterioration during ageing in embryos from durum wheat grains stored at room temperature and at low temperature (10°C). The protective role of low temperature on seed viability was confirmed. The increase of hydrogen peroxide content during dry storage was strongly correlated with the decrease of germinability. Ascorbate and glutathione showed a good correlation with grain germinability and significantly increased upon imbibition, in particular in embryos from viable grains. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) were studied quantitatively (enzymatic assays). APX, GR, and GPX were also studied qualitatively by native PAGE. The enzymes were active in dry, still viable, embryos whereas no activity was detected in non-viable embryos. With the exception of APX, all enzymatic activities decreased upon imbibition. The study of grains stored in different conditions indicated a negative correlation between the efficiency of the antioxidant enzymatic machinery and the age of the grain. The differences detected in differently stored materials confirmed that both germination parameters and the length of storage period are important in determining grain condition.

scholarly journals Viability of recalcitrant Araucaria angustifolia seeds in storage and in a soil seed bank

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 2413-2422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezequiel Gasparin ◽  
José M. R. Faria ◽  
Anderson C. José ◽  
Olivia A. O. Tonetti ◽  
Rodrigo A. de Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Subsequent Decrease

Abstract Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze is a representative species of the Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in the Atlantic Forest Biome of Brazil. The development of a germplasm conservation protocol for long-term seed bank storage is compromised for this species, as it is sensitive to desiccation. Furthermore, in situ establishment of a soil seed bank in its natural habitat may be limited. This study evaluates the storability of two provenances of A. angustifolia seeds and their behavior in an artificial soil seed bank in two forest environments (understory and edge). Results show that both seed provenances may be stored at 5 °C for approximately 12 months, retaining high viability. The subsequent decrease in germination was associated with a reduction and an increase in seed water content, as well as with increased electrical conductivity. In the understory environment, seed viability was above 85% for the first 60 days, and at the end of the experiment (270 days), seedlings emerged. However, at the forest edge, there was a total loss of seed viability after 120 days associated with a reduction in water content and high predation. It is concluded, therefore, that short-term storage of A. angustifolia seeds is possible in a cold room, which is fundamental to supply seed demand outside the production period. Forest cover conservation is important for regeneration and conservation of the species.

Effect of High Temperature Intermittent Drying on Rice Seed Viability and Vigor

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Wang ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Li-jun Wang ◽  
Benu Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Rice Seeds ◽  
Tempering Process

AbstractThis work aimed at determining whether high temperature intermittent drying followed by tempering at ambient temperature could preserve the seed viability and vigor.JaponicaandIndicarice seeds with 21.2 % and 22.6 % wet moisture contents (w.b.) were dried at 50 ºC and 60ºC for either 5, 10, 15 or 20 minutes, followed by tempering at 25ºC for 45 minutes. Each drying cycle was repeated until the rice seeds were dried to 12.0 % (w.b.). The drying rate was improved and the total in-dryer time was reduced in the intermittent drying when compared to continuous drying, due to the tempering process. The seed vigor was significantly reduced by intermittent drying at 60 °C with all exposure times, although the seed still kept the ability to germinate for both rice cultivars. The intermittent drying at 50 ºC for 5 minutes per drying cycle preserved the seed vigor ofJaponicarice well, while inIndicarice, the intermittent drying at 50 ºC up to 20 minutes could still be able to maintain the seed vigor.

scholarly journals Seed bank modelling of volunteer oil seed rape: from seeds fate in the soil to seedling emergence

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Soltani ◽  
A. Soltani ◽  
S. Galeshi ◽  
F. Ghaderi-Far ◽  
E. Zeinali
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Soil Seed Banks ◽  
Seed Bank Dynamics ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Lower Slope

Studies were conducted to estimate parameters and relationships associated with sub-processes in soil seed banks of oilseed rape in Gorgan, Iran. After one month of burial, seed viability decreased to 39%, with a slope of 2.03% per day, and subsequently decreased with a lower slope of 0.01 until 365 days following burial in the soil. Germinability remained at its highest value in autumn and winter and decreased from spring to the last month of summer. Non-dormant seeds of volunteer oilseed rape did not germinate at temperatures lower than 3.8 ºC and a water potential of -1.4 MPa ºd. The hydrothermal values were 36.2 and 42.9 MPa ºd for sub- and supra-optimal temperatures, respectively. Quantification of seed emergence as influenced by burial depth was performed satisfactorily (R² = 0.98 and RMSE = 5.03). The parameters and relationships estimated here can be used for modelling soil seed bank dynamics or establishing a new model for the environment.

Vaccination of rats against the rodent hookworm Nippostrongylus brasiliensis with a recombinant superoxide dismutase fails to protect against infection

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Glyn Ball ◽  
Dave Knox
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Helminths ◽  
Mucosal Antibody ◽  
Laboratory Infection ◽  
Extracellular Form ◽  
Anti Oxidant

AbstractAnti-oxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD) protect cells from damage by oxygen radicals produced during respiration. There is also a substantial body of evidence that anti-oxidant enzymes facilitate the survival of parasitic helminths, including gastrointestinal nematodes, within the host. Superoxide dismutase has been shown to be released by a variety of parasitic helminths and may protect them from host mediated oxidative immune responses. As it may play a parasite protective role during infections SOD has been investigated as a vaccine candidate in a range of helminth parasites including Schistosoma mansoni, Acanthocheilonema viteae and Haemonchus contortus. Here, we sought to evaluate the protective potential of SOD against the rat hookworm Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, a commonly utilised laboratory infection, as a vaccination model. A cytosolic SOD from this parasite, with high sequence homology to a putative extracellular form of the enzyme was cloned and then expressed in bacteria. The resultant recombinant protein was assessed for enzyme activity and used to immunise rats prior to a single challenge infection with the parasite. No protection was observed and monitoring systemic and mucosal antibody responses and mast cell protease levels in superoxide dismutase vaccinated rats suggested that this recombinant SOD was only weakly immunogenic.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document