scholarly journals (P2-1) Large Civilian Jets Configured for Aeromedical Use: Implications for Disaster Health

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s135-s135
Author(s):  
S. Curnin
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
International Study ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Aeromedical Evacuation ◽  
Study Tour ◽  
Health Agencies ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
The Military

BackgroundAustralia is a vast and isolated country and often the only viable option of transporting multiple casualties is using fixed wing aircraft. A number of civilian aeromedical services and the military are responsible for the evacuation of casualties, both nationally and internationally. Due to Australia's increased operational commitments, the military can no longer be expected to provide a rapid aeromedical deployment. This situation, coupled with the limited surge capacity of Australia's civilian fixed wing aeromedical services, highlights the need for Australia to improve preparation and readiness for a large scale civilian aeromedical response.Discussion and ObservationsHistorically, the use of large jets configured for aeromedical use has been exclusively the domain of the military. Yet in recent years the use of large civilian jets configured for aeromedical capability has been suggested as a solution. The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of large civilian jets configured for aeromedical use in the event of a disaster with multiple casualties. This study involved an extensive literature review and an international study tour of aeromedical services that are at the forefront of using large jets in aeromedical evacuation. The findings identified that standard civilian jets can easily be reconfigured for transporting multiple casualties. It is argued that this strategy can be an inexpensive and effective option and should be included in emergency preparedness arrangements. The aim of this paper is to prompt disaster health agencies in Australia to consider the use of a civilian jet system that can be used for a disaster requiring a large scale aeromedical response.

scholarly journals Role of the CSTO in Strengthening Regional Security

2021 ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Rusakovich
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Secretary General ◽  
Arms Race ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
State University ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Missile Defense ◽  
Military Exercises ◽  
The Military

In 2021, Russia and Belarus are planning to hold a record number of exercises. In particular, large-scale strategic maneuvers "West-2021" will be held on the territory of Belarus. The focus on the western borders is not accidental: according to the military ministers of the two countries, the situation there is not calm. At the level of the CSTO, NATO is active in Eastern Europe in building up the missile defense system and increasing the intensity of military exercises. According to Secretary General of the organization Stanislav Zasya, the confrontational course of the alliance creates dangerous preconditions for a new arms race and the alliance is forced "to take adequate measures. Andrei Rusakovich, professor of Belarussian State University, explained in an interview with Eurasia.Expert why Russia and Belarus are increasing military cooperation and how cooperation within the CSTO fits into these tasks.

Emergency preparedness in a sample of persons with disabilities

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn R. M. Gershon, MHS, DrPH ◽  
Lewis E. Kraus, MPH, MCP ◽  
Victoria H. Raveis, PhD ◽  
Martin F. Sherman, PhD ◽  
June I. Kailes, MSW
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Emergency Plan ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Personal Assistance ◽  
Effective Strategies

Objective: The objective of this study was to characterize emergency preparedness in this vulnerable population, and to ascertain the role of the personal assistant (PA) and the potential impact of prior emergency experience on preparedness efforts.Design: Cross-sectional Internet-based survey conducted in 2011.Setting: Convenience sample.Participants: Two-hundred fifty-three community residents with cognitive and/or physical disabilities, all receiving personal assistance services.Main outcome variables: Emergency preparedness, operationalized as responses to a seven-item scale.Results: The mean score for the emergency preparedness scale was 2.32 (SD = 2.74), range 0-7. Even though 62.8 percent (n = 159) of the participants had previously experienced one or more large-scale emergencies, only 47.4 percent (n = 120) of the entire sample and 55.3 percent (n = 88) of those with actual emergency experience reported preparing an emergency plan. Sixty-three percent (n = 76) of those reporting a plan had involved their PA in its development. Participants who reported such involvement were significantly more likely to have higher scores on the emergency preparedness scale (p 0.001). Participants who had experienced a prior emergency were also more likely to score higher on the emergency preparedness scale (p 0.001). In general, participants reported limited attention to other basic preparedness recommendations: only 28 percent (n = 70) had prepared a “go-bag” with necessary supplies, 29 percent (n = 74) had developed a strategy for communicating with their PA during emergencies, and 32 percent (n = 81) had stockpiled emergency supplies. Of particular importance, only 26 percent (n = 66) had made alternative back-up plans for personal assistance.Conclusions: Involving the PA in the planning process and experiencing an emergency were both significantly associated with higher emergency preparedness scores in this sample of people living with disabilities. However, critical deficiencies in preparedness were noted, such as lack of back-up plans for replacing their PA. Despite a concerted national effort to improve preparedness in the population of people living with disabilities, important preparedness gaps remain. These findings highlight the need for additional study on emergency preparedness barriers in people living with disabilities so that effective strategies to reduce vulnerabilities can be identified.

Military profile rises but coup is unlikely in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Military Coup ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Military Members ◽  
Senior Officers ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Military

Subject The political role of the armed forces. Significance The armed forces have recently assumed an unusually high political profile. The current government has appointed generals to high-level positions and ordered a large-scale intervention led by the army in Rio de Janeiro state security institutions. These measures, many of them unprecedented, are an attempt by President Michel Temer to boost his popularity as a ‘tough-on-crime’ leader. The armed forces are one of the few public institutions enjoying high levels of trust among Brazilians. Impacts Despite recent protest calls for a military coup, support for such a move is restricted to a radical minority. Resistance against further reliance on the military for domestic law enforcement will rise, including among senior officers. Bolsonaro will focus his message on crime, promising to bring more military members into his cabinet, including the Education Ministry.

Disaster Management following the Chi-Chi Earthquake in Taiwan

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Feng Chan ◽  
Kumar Alagappan ◽  
Arpita Gandhi ◽  
Colleen Donovan ◽  
Malti Tewari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Prehospital Care ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Response System ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Earthquake Resistant ◽  
The Military ◽  
Command Center

AbstractThe earthquake that occurred in Taiwan on 21 September 1999 killed >2,000 people and severely injured many survivors. Despite the large scale and sizeable impact of the event, a complete overview of its consequences and the causes of the inadequate rescue and treatment efforts is limited in the literature. This review examines the way different groups coped with the tragedy and points out the major mistakes made during the process. The effectiveness of Taiwan's emergency preparedness and disaster response system after the earthquake was analyzed.Problems encountered included: (1) an ineffective command center; (2) poor communication; (3) lack of cooperation between the civil government and the military; (4) delayed prehospital care; (5) overloading of hospitals beyond capacity; (6) inadequate staffing; and (7) mismanaged public health measures.The Taiwan Chi-Chi Earthquake experience demonstrates that precise disaster planning, the establishment of one designated central command, improved cooperation between central and local authorities, modern rescue equipment used by trained disaster specialists, rapid prehospital care, and medical personnel availability, as well earthquake-resistant buildings and infrastructure, are all necessary in order to improve disaster responses.

scholarly journals Creation of Armed Forces in NATO Member States: Promising Models of Germany and Norway

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-81
Author(s):  
Andrey Manoilo ◽  
◽  
Elena Ponomareva ◽  
Philipp Trunov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Military

Introduction. One of the key tendencies of modern international development is the growing importance of the “factor of power”. In this context, the initiated long process of the potential growth of the armed forces of the countries participating in NATO, which is of particular importance in the growth of new unconventional threats (one of the triggers of the Alliance transformation including through the strengthening of national units has become a global pandemic) is important from scientific and practical points of view. Methods and materials. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the theory of building armed forces. The basic sources for the analysis are official documents of military departments, as well as materials from related information centers, which reveal the parameters of the prospective appearance of the armed forces of the countries under study. NATO’s statistical and summit reports also occupy a special place. Analysis. The goal of the article is the research of the armed forces building processes in Germany and Norway for the future until the mid-2030s. These case countries can show the tendencies of military development of NATO European member states in the whole taking into account the differences between Germany and Norway in terms of the geographical location, the population as the main human resource of the armed forces, as well as the transformation of leadership and dynamics of relations between the “historical West” and the Russian Federation, which allows us to characterize the overall trends in the military and political development of European NATO member states. Results. It is proved that the growth of military potential is based on two main groups of reasons. The first is due to the strategic deterioration of relations between the West and Russia since the mid-2010s. The second is that the armed forces of the European member States of NATO have reached the “bottom” position in terms of almost all quantitative parameters. The continuing trend of decreasing numerical indicators (people and technology) threatens to reduce the role of the state on the world stage. Therefore, it is natural to see Germany’s desire to become a “framework nation” in the recruitment of NATO rotation groups in Europe, as well as in the deployment of peacebuilding and peacekeeping missions outside the area of responsibility of the Alliance, which inevitably leads to a large-scale increase in the number of armed forces and the cost of their modernization. In the case of Norway the transformation of the armed forces occurs in the conditions of refusal to increase included human resources and enhance the value of the military presence of NATO partners (primarily the US) first of all in the process of reorganizing the national system of territorial defense. In both cases, there are still tendencies to transform the role of the US in Europe and to consolidate the confrontation with the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF THE DEFENSE INSTITUTIONS IN HANDLING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Marina Ika Sari ◽  
Yuli Ari Sulistyani ◽  
Andhini Citra Pertiwi
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
The Military ◽  
Adaptation Phase

<p>The involvement of the military in the global health crisis has begun since the COVID-19 outbreak broke out in Indonesia, starting from the implementation of Large-Scale Social Distancing to the implementation of the new normal adaptation phase. However, the involvement has received mixed responses. Some parties consider it as natural, while others question the urgency of the military involvement. This study focuses on the role of two defense institutions, namely the Indonesian National Armed Forces and the Ministry of Defense in handling the COVID-19. It employs a qualitative research method and the theory of role, the concept of national defense, and the concept of Pandemic Management to analyze the problem. This study finds that the Indonesian National Armed Forces has a strategic role in several fields such as health, security and socio-economic as part of the efforts to contain COVID-19. The Ministry of Defense also plays a strategic role both internally and externally, by cooperating with other ministries, domestic private companies, state-owned enterprises in the defense industry sector, and with other countries in containing the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>role, defense, military, pandemic, COVID-19.</p>

Army is a blunt tool for global counterterrorism

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Public Pressure ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Blunt Tool ◽  
Issue Public ◽  
The Military ◽  
Charlie Hebdo

Subject The implications of deploying troops domestically as a counter to terrorism. Significance In the aftermath of the attacks against the Paris offices of the satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo in January, France deployed thousands of troops to patrol the streets and protect potential targets. The role of the military in domestic counterterrorism is a long-standing and controversial issue. Public pressure on decisionmakers to respond to terrorist attacks can be immense, yet the effectiveness of deploying the military domestically on a large scale is debatable. Impacts Large-scale troop deployments can have a negative effect on tourism. More visible patrols provide more targets for terrorists. They could also alienate those communities whose support is needed to combat extremism.

Horse, Wheel, and Saddle

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-191
Author(s):  
Barton C. Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Horse Riding ◽  
Military Revolutions ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Military Revolution ◽  
The Military

Military revolutions are a normal consequence of the central role of military institutions in complex societies. They have everywhere occurred regularly, if infrequently; they are scarcely limited to Western Europe, or even to the modern world. This essay discusses recent writings on two military revolutions in the ancient world, both centered on the military horse: first, its domestication and its role in pulling war chariots; second, the transition from horse driving to horse riding in battle. The chariot revolution of the second millennium BC profoundly reshaped warfare and transformed polities all across Eurasia. The cavalry revolution of the first millennium BC proved equally transformative and far longer lasting. Despite the controversy that has come to surround the concept of military revolution, it may still be fruitfully applied to important aspects of the large-scale historical interactions between societies and their armed forces.

An Overview of Disease Burden, Mechanism, Traditional and Non-traditional Management of Type 2 Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
Hammad Akram ◽  
Fauzia Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Alternative Therapies ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Traditional Management

Abstract Diabetes is a major global health problem leading to high morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. Diabetes is connected to complex social, environmental, and behavioral factors and requires multisectoral evidence-based strategies to reduce its incidence and prevalence. Here we attempt to connect existing diabetes data with the underlying mechanism of the disease, while touching disease processes and traditional management approaches for diabetes and its complications. The major objective of this manuscript is to examine the effect of nontraditional treatment modalities, e.g. non-pharmaceutical interventions, supplements, alternative and integrative therapies etc., on diabetes. We performed an extensive literature search and review using electronic databases (PubMed and Google Scholar) to examine recent and historical diabetes statistics, the underlying mechanism of the disease, traditional treatments, remission possibility, and finally, the role of alternative therapies and supplements in its management. We found that there is no sufficient evidence to make most of the alternative therapies the first line of management and prevention approach for diabetes. Long-term and large-scale studies are needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of alternative medicine. We feel that this review could urge other health researchers to plan comprehensive studies to examine the role of alternative or newly-identified therapies in diabetes. Also, this information can be useful for diverse health professionals and policymakers in developing and implementing evidence-based strategies.

The use of exercises to enhance and assess interlocal collaboration in preparedness: A qualitative analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Nicole A. Errett, PhD, MSPH, CPH, CE ◽  
Shannon Frattaroli, PhD, MPH ◽  
Daniel J. Barnett, MD, MPH ◽  
Beth A. Resnick, MPH ◽  
Lainie Rutkow, PhD, JD, MPH
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Emergency Plan ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Development Support ◽  
Assessment Strategies

Introduction: Interlocal collaboration, or collaboration among neighboring independent municipalities, has been generally accepted as an emergency preparedness strategy. In the absence of large-scale disasters, emergency preparedness exercises may serve to test the effectiveness of interlocal collaboration on emergency preparedness. However, the use of emergency preparedness exercises to enhance or assess interlocal collaboration, or its impact on preparedness, requires additional empirical exploration. Hypothesis/problem: This exploratory study aims to understand the perspectives of key informants (KIs) with broad knowledge of the history, goals, and implementation of the Urban Area Security Initiative (UASI) program, as well as knowledge of interlocal collaboration exercises conducted as part of the UASI program, about the role of exercises in improving and assessing interlocal collaboration for emergency preparedness.Method: In early 2014, 28 KIs were interviewed during 24 semistructured interviews. Interviews were recorded and analyzed to identify key themes related to emergency preparedness exercises and the enhancement and assessment of interlocal collaboration.Results: KIs perceived exercises to enhance interlocal collaboration in preparedness by promoting regional, interlocal: risk assessment; emergency plan testing and operationalization; relationship development; support for regional plans and operational structures; capability delivery practice; best practice sharing across interlocal collaborations; and engagement of elected or senior leadership in interlocal preparedness endeavors. Exercise participants, scenarios, administration, formats, and assessment strategies to promote interlocal collaboration were identified. Conclusions: Seven distinct mechanisms by which exercises can enhance interlocal collaboration that can be used to guide future research and policy development were identified. The format, scenario, participation, and administration of emergency preparedness exercises can be tailored to enhance collaboration.

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