A systematic review of the heritability of specific psychopathic traits using Hare’s two-factor model of psychopathy

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sapna Dhanani ◽  
Veena Kumari ◽  
Basant K. Puri ◽  
Ian Treasaden ◽  
Susan Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Reference Tracking ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Manual Examination

BackgroundThere have been no systematic reviews that investigated the heritability of the two-factor model of psychopathy: interpersonal-affective and behavioral. Our review aimed, first, to examine the heritability of general psychopathic traits and, second, if genetic influences were suggested, to determine the heritability of various traits related to the interpersonal-affective and behavioral factors of psychopathy.MethodA systematic literature search was conducted using articles from the PsycINFO, Embase, Global Health, Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases (January of 1980 to December of 2015) in order to identify eligible literature that reported on the heritability of psychopathy-related traits. Papers were also found via manual examination and reference tracking. Papers were subjected to exclusion criteria and quality appraisal. We identified a total of 24 studies.ResultsOur results were grouped into three categories: general, interpersonal-affective, and behavioral. All these areas demonstrated modest to high heritability. The highest heritability values were found in studies investigating callous-unemotional behaviors.ConclusionsHeritability was found for all the psychopathic traits. Future research should include endophenotypic approaches that explore gene–environment correlations, which could aid in identification of the behavioral phenotype that is most amenable to early intervention by way of moderation of genetic risk.

scholarly journals A Systematic Literature Review on Online Medical Services in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (06) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Nohman Khan ◽  
Muhammad Imran Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Exclusion Process ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
The Past

<p>The aim of the study reviews online medical services in Malaysia. The paper reviews the improvement in Malaysian Medical services in the past five years. In this paper, we systematically reviewed literature from the year 2014 to 2018. We selected the web of science database for the literature search to make the process more transparent and clearer, every process is recorded on the excel sheets and all studies were screened through rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria. Final 48 papers were selected for this systematic literature review and all irrelevant papers are excluded from the study. For the selection and exclusion process, PRISMA 2009 is used. The results revealed that Literature is heavily focusing on the medical services towards the urban areas, but rural areas were largely neglected. Many studies are discussing the importance of online medical services; However, implementation mechanisms have not been discussed. The systematic review recommends that future research should be focused more on holistic patterns of implementations of the online medical services in Malaysia.</p>

scholarly journals The Persian Self-Report Version of the Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD-P): A Psychometric Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ebrahimi ◽  
Mojtaba Elhami Athar ◽  
Mona Darvishi ◽  
Olivier F. Colins
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Antisocial Process Screening Device ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Screening Device

The self-report version of the Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD) is a commonly used tool for assessing psychopathic traits in youth. This is the first study designed to examine the factor structure, internal consistency, and convergent validity of the Persian APSD-SR in a sample of 675 school-attending youth in Iran (46% girls; M age = 16.35). Confirmatory factor analysis supported a modified three-factor model, with items loading on narcissism, callous-unemotional, and impulsivity dimensions, which was invariant across gender. Notwithstanding that the internal consistency of some APSD scores was unsatisfactory, the APSD total and dimension scores showed the expected relations with external correlates (e.g., conduct problems, aggression, and low prosocial behavior), supporting the validity of the interpretation of the APSD scores. The findings showed that the APSD is a useful tool for assessing psychopathic traits in Iranian adolescents and may spark research on adolescent psychopathy in mental health and forensic settings.

Development and Evaluation of Ontologies in Traditional Medicine: A Review Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (06) ◽  
pp. 194-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Shojaee-Mend ◽  
Haleh Ayatollahi ◽  
Azam Abdolahadi
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Ontology Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Ontology Evaluation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Upper Level

Abstract Background Development of ontologies in traditional medicine can be a foundation for other applications of informatics in this field. Despite the importance of the development of ontologies in traditional medicine, there are few review studies in this area. This study aims to review different methods for ontology development and evaluation in traditional medicine. Methods This review study was performed in 2019. To find related papers, six databases including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, IEEE Xplore, and SpringerLink were searched. Initially, 761 articles were identified. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 22 articles were selected to review different methods for ontology development and evaluation in traditional medicine. Results Five different methods were used for ontology development in traditional medicine, namely conventional, customized, semiautomatic, upper-level, and large-scale methods. The results showed that ontology evaluation was only considered in 32% of the studies. The common methods used for ontology evaluation were competency questions, expert-based evaluation, and automatic detection of inconsistency errors. Conclusion Development of ontologies is of high importance for organizing knowledge in traditional medicine, as this branch of medicine is often not documented or is documented in local languages. The results of this study can help ontology developers to be familiar with the common methods of ontology development and evaluation in traditional medicine and use them for future research.

scholarly journals An analysis of international scientific production on business accelerators from 1990 to 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Eurico Soares de Noronha ◽  
Cristina Doritta Rodrigues ◽  
Leonardo Reis Longo ◽  
Ilan Avrichir
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Acceleration Model ◽  
The Subject

Purpose: This research aims to develop an overview of the scientific articles on “Business Accelerators”, mapping the academic contributions already made, organizing and systematizing them to show the state of the art of the phenomenon of acceleration of startups. Design/methodology/approach: The methodological approach is qualitative, and the method used is a descriptive systematic literature review. Data were collected on the Scopus and Web of Science databases, between 1990 and 2019. Data collection presented a sample of 403 articles that, after applying exclusion criteria, consolidated into 95 articles. Originality/value: Considering the wide spread of business accelerators in the world, the systematization of the literature made it possible to present the supporting pillars of the accelerators, which allows for an advance in the study of the subject and facilitates the foundation for conducting future research that can also use the suggestions of research carried out. Findings: The results show the acceleration processes, consolidated in a structural acceleration model that is based on four pillars decomposed into eight processes worked by organizations, from the definitions in the literature. Research, Practical & Social implications: The main theoretical contribution is the presentation of the structural acceleration model, followed by the panorama of international publications in the area and identification of new opportunities for future research in the area of entrepreneurship and innovation.

scholarly journals Depression in the Iranian Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hedayat Jafari ◽  
Dariush Ghasemi-Semeskandeh ◽  
Amir Hossein Goudarzian ◽  
Tahereh Heidari ◽  
Azar Jafari-Koulaee
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Standard Scale ◽  
Keywords Screening ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Depression can lead to increased medical costs, impaired individual and social functioning, nonadherence to therapeutic proceeding, and even suicide and ultimately affect quality of life. It is important to know the extent of its prevalence for successful planning in this regard. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of depression in the Iranian elderly. This systematic review and meta-analysis study was done through Medline via PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, ProQuest, SID, Embase, and Magiran with determined keywords. Screening was done on the basis of relevance to the purpose of the study, titles, abstracts, full text, and inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the articles was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa standard scale. After primary and secondary screening, 30 articles were finally included in the study. According to the 30 articles reviewed, the prevalence of depression in the Iranian elderly was 52 percent based on the random-effects model (CI 95%: 46–58). According to the results of the present study, depression in the Iranian elderly was moderate to high. Therefore, more exact assessment in terms of depression screening in elderly people seems necessary. Coherent and systematic programs, including psychosocial empowerment counselling for the elderly and workshops for their families, are also needed. Researchers can also use the results of this study for future research.

Speeded Paper-Pencil Sustained Attention and Mental Speed Tests

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krumm ◽  
Lothar Schmidt-Atzert ◽  
Kurt Michalczyk ◽  
Vanessa Danthiir
Keyword(s):  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Perceptual Speed ◽  
Speed Factor ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Task Processing ◽  
Order Factor

Mental speed (MS) and sustained attention (SA) are theoretically distinct constructs. However, tests of MS are very similar to SA tests that use time pressure as an impeding condition. The performance in such tasks largely relies on the participants’ speed of task processing (i.e., how quickly and correctly one can perform the simple cognitive tasks). The present study examined whether SA and MS are empirically the same or different constructs. To this end, 24 paper-pencil and computerized tests were administered to 199 students. SA turned out to be highly related to MS task classes: substitution and perceptual speed. Furthermore, SA showed a very close relationship with the paper-pencil MS factor. The correlation between SA and computerized speed was considerably lower but still high. In a higher-order general speed factor model, SA had the highest loading on the higher-order factor; the higher-order factor explained 88% of SA variance. It is argued that SA (as operationalized with tests using time pressure as an impeding condition) and MS cannot be differentiated, at the level of broad constructs. Implications for neuropsychological assessment and future research are discussed.

A Systematic Literature Review of the EFQM Excellence Model from 1991 to 2019

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yousaf ◽  
Petr Bris
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Research ◽  
European Foundation ◽  
The Subject

A systematic literature review (SLR) from 1991 to 2019 is carried out about EFQM (European Foundation for Quality Management) excellence model in this paper. The aim of the paper is to present state of the art in quantitative research on the EFQM excellence model that will guide future research lines in this field. The articles were searched with the help of six strings and these six strings were executed in three popular databases i.e. Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct. Around 584 peer-reviewed articles examined, which are directly linked with the subject of quantitative research on the EFQM excellence model. About 108 papers were chosen finally, then the purpose, data collection, conclusion, contributions, and type of quantitative of the selected papers are discussed and analyzed briefly in this study. Thus, this study identifies the focus areas of the researchers and knowledge gaps in empirical quantitative literature on the EFQM excellence model. This article also presents the lines of future research.

scholarly journals The Socioeconomic Welfare of Urban Green Areas and Parks; A Literature Review of Available Evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7863
Author(s):  
Antonios Kolimenakis ◽  
Alexandra D. Solomou ◽  
Nikolaos Proutsos ◽  
Evangelia V. Avramidou ◽  
Evangelia Korakaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Green Areas ◽  
Green Areas

Urban green areas present a lucid example for the harmonious co-existence of the artificial and natural environments best illustrated by their interdependence and interconnection in urban spaces. Urban green areas are essential for the health and wellbeing of citizens. The present study aimed to investigate those multiple benefits for citizens that arise through the existence of urban green areas, as well as important policy dimensions that should be considered when designing the expansion of urban green spaces in urban development. The study was based on a literature review to examine for available evidence on the benefit levels derived by the existence of urban green areas. An extended literature review was followed by a structured review, based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, which partly followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The search was conducted in two databases, and a total of 1674 articles and abstracts were identified through the database searches. After removing 114 duplicates, 1560 records were initially screened based on title and abstract. Following inclusion and exclusion criteria, 14 articles were incorporated in the structured review and a total of 47 in the extended review. The extended literature review identified 33 additional articles examining aspects of benefits that did not fall under the pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria used in the structured review, such as health benefits and other social parameters associated with urban green spaces. The selected studies were allocated in five principal groups according to study types: three of the them consisted of studies employing “willingness to pay” (WTP) methods, five were based on property values, two studies assigned monetary values, while another two assigned CO2 values, and, finally, two studies were based on qualitative criteria. The results indicated benefits to citizens and increased welfare levels gained by the existence of urban green areas. The conducted review revealed a number of findings and recommendations that could direct future research and urban policy. Those hints could assist local authorities as well as stakeholders in order to measure and assess the benefits of green spaces and urban parks and promote measures and programs to assist their further deployment.

scholarly journals A Bibliometric Network Analysis of Coronavirus during the First Eight Months of COVID-19 in 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo B. Furstenau ◽  
Bruna Rabaioli ◽  
Michele Kremer Sott ◽  
Danielli Cossul ◽  
Mariluza Sott Bender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Damage Prevention ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Web

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all aspects of society. Researchers worldwide have been working to provide new solutions to and better understanding of this coronavirus. In this research, our goal was to perform a Bibliometric Network Analysis (BNA) to investigate the strategic themes, thematic evolution structure and trends of coronavirus during the first eight months of COVID-19 in the Web of Science (WoS) database in 2020. To do this, 14,802 articles were analyzed, with the support of the SciMAT software. This analysis highlights 24 themes, of which 11 of the more important ones were discussed in-depth. The thematic evolution structure shows how the themes are evolving over time, and the most developed and future trends of coronavirus with focus on COVID-19 were visually depicted. The results of the strategic diagram highlight ‘CHLOROQUINE’, ‘ANXIETY’, ‘PREGNANCY’ and ‘ACUTE-RESPIRATORY-SYNDROME’, among others, as the clusters with the highest number of associated citations. The thematic evolution. structure presented two thematic areas: “Damage prevention and containment of COVID-19” and “Comorbidities and diseases caused by COVID-19”, which provides new perspectives and futures trends of the field. These results will form the basis for future research and guide decision-making in coronavirus focused on COVID-19 research and treatments.

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