The Invisible Transformation Of Local Government In Queensland

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doug Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Invisible

In 1993, Queensland's Local Government Act was revised for the first time since 1936. This paper is born of a realisation, based on research sponsored by the Local Government Association of Queensland, that much less is known and understood about the development of local government in Queensland than we have previously believed. The consequences of this are particularly serious at present, because important changes are currently being made to local government features on the basis of a very imperfect understanding of the role, operation and significance of those features. In this paper, I deal with an important aspect of the territorial dimension of local government, and point to the contemporary significance of a deeper appreciation of the development of local government from the territorial perspective.

The Legal Status of Local Government in South Africa under the New Constitutional Dispensation

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mbuzeni Mathenjwa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time

The history of local government in South Africa dates back to a time during the formation of the Union of South Africa in 1910. With regard to the status of local government, the Union of South Africa Act placed local government under the jurisdiction of the provinces. The status of local government was not changed by the formation of the Republic of South Africa in 1961 because local government was placed under the further jurisdiction of the provinces. Local government was enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa arguably for the first time in 1993. Under the interim Constitution local government was rendered autonomous and empowered to regulate its affairs. Local government was further enshrined in the final Constitution of 1996, which commenced on 4 February 1997. The Constitution refers to local government together with the national and provincial governments as spheres of government which are distinctive, interdependent and interrelated. This article discusses the autonomy of local government under the 1996 Constitution. This it does by analysing case law on the evolution of the status of local government. The discussion on the powers and functions of local government explains the scheme by which government powers are allocated, where the 1996 Constitution distributes powers to the different spheres of government. Finally, a conclusion is drawn on the legal status of local government within the new constitutional dispensation.

scholarly journals Maiden Partisan Rural Local Government Elections: Bangladesh Experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Mashiur Rahman ◽  
Salma Nasrin
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Daily Newspapers ◽  
Grass Root ◽  
Grass Root Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
First Time ◽  
Election Commission

A paradigm shift in the political system has been taken in Bangladesh on 12 October, 2015 with the final approval by the Cabinet to hold local polls on partisan basis. The long historical practice of non-partisan local polls has been shifted to first ever partisan poll that brought major challenges for the existing confrontational political parties of Bangladesh. Ruling Bangladesh Awami League considered demonstrating its popularity at grass-root level and controlled all political institution through this election while Bangladesh Nationalist Party had opposed these partisan local government elections as a political trick with an ill motive by the government. For the first time in Independent Bangladesh, 9th Union Parishad[1](UP) election hold on partisan basis at six phases across the country from March to June 2016. The articles tried to explore the experiences of this maiden partisan UP polls and what are the immediate consequences on the local governance as well as electoral system through reviewing seceondary materials specially the Daily Newspapers. Unfortunately massive violence, record deaths and uncontested elected Chairman, election fraughts & irregularities, reluctant role of Election Commission, strong dominant of ruling party over electoral system were common phenomenon in this maiden partisan election.[1] Lowest tier of rural local government in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals "Life is a dream": Ibn ‘Arabī on the Mysteries of Divine

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Human Relation ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Film Festival ◽  
Personal Meanings ◽  
Shadow Play ◽  
Ibn Arabi ◽  
First Time ◽  
Shadow Theater ◽  
The Invisible

We are the bees of the invisible. Lovesick, we forage for the honey of the visible, to store it in the great golden hive of the Invisible.Rainer Maria Rilke For Ibn ‘Arabī, as for Plato and Dante (or Calderon), all of earthly life and existence is essentially a divine Dream:” a singular, ongoing, timelessly interpenetrating, profoundly meaningful and ultimately transformative cinematic drama that cosmic “Play” and universal shadow-theater whose personal meanings and mysteries each of us must gradually discover through all our hastily improvised roles as audience, author, reader, performer, and even critic.This essay, centering on key passages translated for the first time from the concluding volume of our Murcian master's immense book of Meccan Illuminations, highlights some of the key elements of the universal process of spiritual realization within which each human being gradually moves from the perception of this unfolding shadow-play in sharply limited worldly terms toward the deepening recognition of its aim and fulfillment as a shared, never-ending adventure of divine-human discovery. In order to provide a basic metaphysical framework for these more focused and practical insights, I have begun here with a few more familiar selections from Ibn ‘Arabī 's earlier foundational chapter (63) devoted to outlining our human relation to this entire Play of our earthly (and posthumous spiritual) existence conceived as a cosmic divine "Imagining” (ḫayāl) within which we and our familiar worlds are both the dreamed and yet also in so many shifting ways active dreamers.Given the larger film festival context of this conference, I had originally hoped to draw out more explicit connections at each stage between Ibn ‘Arabī's teachings and observations and particular cinematic illustrations fitting each of these short passages. However, given both the greater time that would require and the need to clearly explain each of the chosen examples we might take up, I must ask each of you instead, as we proceed, simply to notice the pertinent illustrations that will inevitably come to mind. 

scholarly journals Political Geography of Empire: Chinese Varieties of Local Government

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-184
Author(s):  
Daniel Koss
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Political Geography ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Local State ◽  
County Level ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Regional Center ◽  
Mental Map ◽  
The Many ◽  
First Time

Ruling large expanses of terrain, imperial Chinese state-builders deployed bureaucratic resources sparingly, explicitly defining administrative priorities for county-level jurisdictions. Supported by primary evidence from the Qing dynasty (1644–1911), this article investigates where exactly the empire placed its priorities, what their effect was, and how rational the system was. The empire's priorities were the product of manmade spatial organization, defying macro-regional center-periphery divides, patterns debated in past issues of this journal. Moreover, even when priorities were biased, outdated, and manipulated, they had tangible effects on local state presence, creating distinct bureaucratic spheres: the many non-prioritized routine counties tended to have smaller governments with more first-time magistrates, whereas priority counties typically had bigger governments led by magistrates who were chosen in a deliberative yet corruptible process. The construction and uses of the empire's mental map demonstrates the merits and vicissitudes accompanying the still ongoing Chinese practice of differentiated local government.

The First Encounter: Peasant Resistance to State Control of Grain in East China in the Mid-1950s

2006 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 145-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaiyin Li
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Sharp Contrast ◽  
East China ◽  
Collective Violence ◽  
State Control ◽  
Socialist State ◽  
The People ◽  
Moderate Resistance ◽  
Peasant Resistance ◽  
First Time

Focusing on Dongtai and Songjiang counties in east China, this report examines peasant resistance to the “unified purchase and sale” programme in the 1950s. The heavy procurement burden on most households in the prosperous Songjiang county led to various forms of resistance from peasants that culminated in collective violence. In sharp contrast, the low procurement quota on a limited number of households in the impoverished Dongtai county only caused moderate resistance. In both counties, however, local government leaders faced the increasing inapplicability of the prevailing notion of “class line” to the new realities of rural disgruntlement. As this report demonstrates, in both counties, resistance to the state's grain programme came primarily from ordinary peasants rather than their class enemies of landlords and rich peasants. For the first time, the CCP felt the need to redefine peasant discontent under the socialist state as a new category, later known as “contradictions within the people,” which remains valid to date in official representations of rural disturbances.

Britain’s‘5 Percent’ Local Government Revolution: The faltering Impact of New Labour’s Modernization Agenda

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Game
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Labour Party ◽  
Finance Reform ◽  
The Public ◽  
Competitive Tendering ◽  
Best Value ◽  
Political Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
First Time ◽  
Service Regime

Tony Blair’s New Labour Party came to power in 1997 committed to ‘modernizing’ and rejuvenating a local government system that it considered had been weakened and emasculated by the Thatcher and Major Conservative governments. Written immediately following Labour’s overwhelming re-election in June 2001, this article is an interim review of some of the key policies in the government’s modernization agenda for local government. The first sections deal with the indisputably radical political management reforms imposed on local councils and the attempt to introduce, for the first time in UK local government, directly elected executive mayors. Later sections focus on the replacement of compulsory competitive tendering with a ‘best value’ service regime, and the government’s more hesitant approach to finance reform. The overall conclusion of the review is that in all three policy spheres, though in differing ways, the government has so far fallen short of its ambitious and radical rhetoric. The idea of elected mayors is enthusing neither the public nor elected councillors. Best value is seen as excessively bureaucratic, prescriptive and centralist. And modest reform proposals leave largely unaddressed the most serious financial weaknesses of UK local authorities.

scholarly journals The Invisible Primary and the 1996 Presidential Nomination

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 385-401
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Nomination ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Invisible ◽  
Presidential Nominations

The 1996 presidential nominations process will not begin with the first state primaries and caucuses. By January 1996 the candidates had already spent millions of dollars and thousands of days campaigning during the "invisible primary." The 1996 nominations race features several new practices— such as the front-loading of delegate-selection events, and the reemergence of Washington insiders as the early GOP leaders. For the first time since 1964 the Democrat Party did not face a spirited nominations race. This article reviews the prenomination season for the 1996 presidential race with evidence available by early January 1996.

Credit enhancement and bond rating

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiming Hu ◽  
Ying Yang ◽  
Pengfei Han
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Government Bonds ◽  
Bond Rating ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Credit Enhancement ◽  
Government Financing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
First Time ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the difference of credit enhancement of variously secured bonds issued by local government financing platform bond (LGFPB). Design/methodology/approach The approaches to secure the bonds usually include mortgage, collateral, guarantee, etc. Findings Using a sample of LGFPBs issued during the 2007-2013 period, the authors find that all of the approaches to secure the bonds would increase the bond rating and that compounded approaches have a higher credit enhancement effect than single approaches. Among these approaches, the requirement of collateral has the strongest enhancement effect. Moreover, the authors find that the guarantee provided by a state-owned bank or enterprise increases the bond rating more than the guarantee provided by other local government financing platforms. Research limitations/implications The findings in this study suggest that the credit enhancement would be deeply affected by the approach used to secure the bond. Practical implications These results can help the local government make better decisions when issuing bond. Originality/value This study empirically analyzes the different credit enhancement approaches for securing LGPFBs for the first time and contributes to the literature regarding credit ratings of local government bonds.

An Explanation of Local Government Debt in Spain Based on Internal Control System

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester Gras ◽  
Joaquin Hernandez ◽  
Mercedes Palacios
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Government Debt ◽  
Internal Control System ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Municipal Debt ◽  
First Time

The literature reflects a growing interest in the research of Public Sector debt. However, this is the first time that a variable of internal control is used to analyse interaction with the level of debt. This paper analyses the influence of the level of internal control in Spanish Local Government on indebtedness. We have obtained a sample of 1,806 Spanish municipalities. The main finding is that the level of internal control system influences the municipal debt per capita, so the higher the level of internal control, the lower the level of debt. Furthermore, we confirm previously reported results.

Skateboarding, Helmets, and Control

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 477-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul O’Connor
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Helmet Use ◽  
Audit Culture ◽  
Sporting Activity ◽  
A Site ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time ◽  
Government Perspective

Skateboarding has a global reach and will be included for the first time in the 2020 Olympic Games. It has transformed from a subcultural pursuit to a mainstream and popular sport. This research looks at some of the challenges posed by the opening of a new skatepark in Hong Kong and the introduction of a mandatory helmet rule. It explores attitudes to helmets in skateboard media, the local government, and among the skateboarders who use the new skatepark. It argues that helmet use is not only an issue of safety but also an issue of control. From the skateboarders’ perspective, it is about participant control over their sport, and from a government perspective, it is about accountability. The contrast between the two approaches is explored through the concepts of edgework and audit culture. As skateboarding continues to become a mainstream sporting activity, such issues of control will prove to be more relevant and must be negotiated in partnership. The growth in new skateparks, many of which are concrete, underlines the need for this discussion. It is argued that helmet use will continue to be a site of conflict as skateboarding becomes further incorporated into a mainstream sport, and that how helmets are represented in skateboarding will come to indicate who has control over the sport.

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