Socio-spatial disparities of obesity among adults in the urban setting of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

AbstractObjectivesTo document the prevalence and the socio-spatial variations of obesity and to identify individual and household characteristics, lifestyles and dietary practices contributing to obesity and its socio-spatial distribution.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional survey. We selected 1570 households from four strata characterised as unstructured and low building-density (ULBD), unstructured and high building-density (UHBD), structured and low building-density (SLBD) and structured and high building-density (SHBD) areas. Structured areas are those that were allotted by the township authority (cadastral services), with public services; unstructured areas refer to those developed with no cadastral organisation.SettingOuagadougou, the capital city of Burkina Faso.SubjectsBMI was calculated in 2022 adults aged 35 years and above who were classified as obese when their BMI was ≥30 kg/m2. Obesity was investigated in relation to household and individual characteristics, lifestyles and dietary practices; adjusted odds ratios with 95 % confidence intervals were derived from a logistic regression model.ResultsThe overall prevalence of obesity was 14·7 % (males 5·5 % and females 21·9 %). Age, gender, household equipment index, usual transport with motor vehicles and micronutrient-rich food consumption were associated with obesity. After adjustment for these factors, obesity remained associated with the area of residence: residents from SHBD areas were more likely to be obese than those from ULBD areas (OR = 1·41; 95 % CI 2·59,4·76).ConclusionsObesity in Ouagadougou is a preoccupant problem that calls for more consideration. Thorough investigation is needed to assess the environmental factors that contribute to the socio-spatial disparity of obesity.

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A Household-Based Cross-Sectional Survey of Knowledge, Awareness and Practice Regarding Malaria in Western Area Rural District, Sierra Leone

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2021.664971 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Lili Wang ◽

Jianhai Yin ◽

Canjun Zheng ◽

Samuel Juana Smith ◽

Esther Ngegba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sierra Leone ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Malaria Prevention ◽

Rural District ◽

Control Measures ◽

Capital City ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Western Area ◽

Route Of Transmission

Sierra Leone is a highly endemic area for malaria, and the implementation of the National Malaria Strategic Plan (2016–2020) has reached its midpoint in 2018. To provide more specific guidance for interventions in the future, a household-based cross-sectional survey was conducted to elucidate the knowledge, awareness and practices regarding malaria and malarial control measures among the general public. Three communities (Grafton, Jui, and Kossoh) in the Western Area Rural District that were in close proximity to Sierra Leone's capital city of Freetown were included. Households were randomly selected and interviewed with a structured questionnaire covering malaria infection, diagnosis, treatment and prevention, as well as knowledge of malaria prevention. As a result, a total of 262 qualified questionnaires were included. The average cost for meals per day is ~30,000 Leones in each household. The rate of awareness, indicated by reporting having heard of malaria, was 98.1% (257/262), and 86.6% (227/262) of the respondents knew that mosquito bites are the main route of transmission. In addition, 80.9% (212/262) of the respondents sought health advice or treatment for the illness, and a similar percentage of respondents had been tested for malaria, mostly with rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). A high demand for long-lasting insecticidal nets (72.1%) matched the serious shortage (61.8%, 162/262), and of the households that reported a lack of nets, 66 had children younger than 5 years old. In conclusion, public awareness of malaria prevention is high, based on this survey, although there was a limited use of preventive measures in these three communities and the malaria burden was still high. Therefore, the public's knowledge of malaria should be sustained and reinforced, and the distribution and use of malaria prevention measures should be promoted to supprt the achievement of the planned objectives.

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Ultra-processed foods in childhood: a system of violation of rights and food and nutrition insecurity

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i14.21596 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (14) ◽

pp. e64101421596

Author(s):

Beatriz Gouveia Moura ◽

Jamille Caroso de Andrade ◽

Adriana Correia dos Santos ◽

Rodrigo do Nascimento Lopes ◽

Maria Emília Lisboa Pacheco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Food System ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Point Of View ◽

Capital City ◽

Processed Foods ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Food And Nutrition

Discussions on the health consequences of the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are wide-ranging, but little has been addressed under systemic aspects, human rights, sovereignty and food and nutrition security, and socio-environmental sustainability. For this reason, the aim of this article was to analyze the systemic implications of children's access to UPFs. Secondary data from a cross-sectional survey conducted with pre-school students of two private schools in a capital city in the Northeastern region of Brazil were analyzed through the analysis of lunch boxes for three consecutive days. The most frequent UPFs had information about the manufacturing location, ingredients, and brand collected from their labels and subsequently studied. We noticed that most of the products were manufactured in other states, being transported for long distances, had little ingredient diversity, and belonged to sub-brands that conglomerate into “big players”. In this sense, we conclude that children are having their right to food violated and that access to UPFs by this public supports a hegemonic and unsustainable food system from a socio-environmental point of view that contributes to food and nutrition insecurity.

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Obesity-Related Factors in Turkish School Children

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/2012/353485 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Cihad Dündar ◽

Hatice Öz

Keyword(s):

Private School ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

School Students ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public And Private ◽

Turkish Children ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

Watching Tv

Objective. To determine the prevalence of obesity and its risk factors in Turkish children.Method. This cross-sectional survey was conducted on students including 1271 boys and 1206 girls selected from 20 secondary schools in Samsun, Turkey. A predesigned questionnaire was used to elicit the information on individual characteristics. The height and weight of students were measured in their classroom. Obesity was defined as body mass index at or above the 95th percentile for age of the sex-specific CDC growth charts.Result. The mean age was 12.8 ± 0.9 years, and the prevalence of obesity was found at 10.3%. There were higher numbers of obese students in boys than in girls (X2= 53.4;P< 0.001). The prevalence of obesity was 10.0% and 16.8% in public and private school students, respectively. The percentage of obese children in students who skipped breakfast was found to be higher than that in the group that consumed 3 meals a day regularly. There was no difference at time spent in sedentary behavior except watching TV, and prevalence of obesity in the group of students watching television over 3 hours per day was higher than that in their counterparts (X2= 13.6;P< 0.01). The time of engagement in sports was lower in obese group statistically (F= 8.9;P< 0.001).Conclusion. In order to prevent childhood obesity, monitoring children's lifestyle by parents is necessary.

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Clinical research training of Peruvian neurologists: a baseline assessment

Neurology International ◽

10.4081/ni.2010.e6 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 6

Author(s):

Gian Carlos Navarro-Chumbes ◽

Silvia Margarita Montano-Torres ◽

Alberto Díaz-Vásquez ◽

Joseph Raymond Zunt

Keyword(s):

Clinical Research ◽

Research Methodology ◽

Research Training ◽

Research Capacity ◽

Capital City ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Additional Training ◽

Perceived Needs ◽

Funding Opportunities

In Peru, despite a strong clinical research infrastructure in Lima, and Masters degree programs in epidemiology at three universities, few neurologists participate in clinical research. It was our objective to identify perceived needs and opportunities for increasing clinical research capacity and training opportunities for Peruvian neurologists. We conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional survey of Peruvian neurologists in Lima and Arequipa, Peru. Forty-eight neurologists completed written surveys and oral interviews. All neurologists reported interest in clinical research, but noted that lack of time and financial resources limited their ability to participate. Although most neurologists had received some training in epidemiology and research design as medical students or residents, the majority felt these topics were not adequately covered. Neurologists in Arequipa noted international funding for clinical research was uncommon outside the capital city of Lima. We concluded that clinical research is important to Peruvian neurologists. The three main barriers to increased participation in clinical research identified by neurologists were insufficient training in clinical research methodology, meager funding opportunities, and lack of dedicated time to participate in clinical research. Distance learning holds promise as a method for providing additional training in clinical research methodology, especially for neurologists who may have difficulty traveling to larger cities for additional training.

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Functions of mHealth applications: A user’s perspective

Health Informatics Journal ◽

10.1177/1460458217740725 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 1065-1075 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

David Smahel ◽

Steriani Elavsky ◽

Hana Machackova

Keyword(s):

Standard Deviation ◽

Online Survey ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Drive For Thinness ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Professional Help ◽

Weight Monitoring ◽

Mhealth Apps

The usage of mobile health (mHealth) applications is rapidly increasing. This research has been aimed mostly at reviewing existing mHealth apps and their functionality. However, studies from users’ perspectives are rather scarce. This exploratory study addresses that gap and, using cross-sectional survey data, seeks to reveal the socio-demographic and individual characteristics of users who utilize specific functions of mHealth apps. The data were collected via an online survey through websites oriented toward eating habits, exercising, dieting, and weight loss. From the original sample (1002 users; M = 24.8, standard deviation = 6.9; 81.6% females), the final sub-sample of 406 participants aged from 13 to 39 years (M = 23.8, standard deviation = 5.3, 86.9% females) who reported usage of mHealth apps was examined. The analyses revealed demographic and individual differences in predicting usage of various functions of mHealth apps. The drive for thinness was associated with functions for weight monitoring and planning functions. Excessive exercise was associated with weight monitoring, socializing functions, and functions for planning and monitoring goals. These findings imply that mHealth apps should be individually tailored to incorporate components such as risk-specific warnings or the provision of information related to seeking professional help for at-risk audiences.

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Geographic and Sociodemographic Disparities in Cardiovascular Risk in Burkina Faso: Findings from a Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey

Risk Management and Healthcare Policy ◽

10.2147/rmhp.s301049 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol Volume 14 ◽

pp. 2863-2876

Author(s):

Kadari Cisse ◽

Sekou Samadoulougou ◽

Mady Ouedraogo ◽

Bruno Bonnechère ◽

Jean-Marie Degryse ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Burkina Faso ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sociodemographic Disparities

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Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among staff at primary healthcare institutions in Prishtina

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-022-07038-6 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rrezart Halili ◽

Jeta Bunjaku ◽

Bujar Gashi ◽

Teuta Hoxha ◽

Agron Kamberi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Healthcare ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Herd Immunity ◽

Family Members ◽

Control Measures ◽

Capital City ◽

High Risk Population ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pcr Test

Abstract Background Many studies examined the spread of SARS-CoV-2 within populations using seroprevalence. Healthcare workers are a high-risk population due to patient contact, and studies are needed to examine seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among healthcare workers. Our study investigates the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among staff at primary healthcare institutions in Prishtina, and factors associated with seroprevalence. Methods We carried out a cross-sectional survey including SARS-CoV-2 serological testing and questionnaires with primary healthcare workers from primary healthcare facilities in the Prishtina, the capital city of Kosovo. We calculated prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, and of self-reported positive PCR test among primary healthcare workers, as well as crude and adjusted ORs for explanatory factors. Results Eighty-three of the healthcare workers (17.47%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies IgG or IgM, while 231 (48.63%) either had antibodies or a previous positive PCR test. Odds of seropositivity were affected by male gender (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.20, 3.61), and infected family members (OR 3.61, 95% CI 2.25, 5.79) of healthcare workers. Higher education, being part of larger families and having infected family members gave higher odds of positive PCR test and seropositivity. Other healthcare workers had lower odds of positive PCR test and seropositivity than physicians. Conclusion Over 17% of healthcare workers were seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and close to half of them were either seropositive or PCR self-reported positive test. Several factors are associated with decreased and increased odds for such outcomes. These findings should be explored further and addressed to Kosovo policy makers, and assist them to intensify vaccination efforts, and maintain control measures until we achieve herd immunity.

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Assessment of Nutritional Status and Dietary Pattern of Diabetes Patients Attending Out-patient Clinics in Abuja Metropolis, Federal Capital Territory

International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review ◽

10.9734/ijbcrr/2019/v28i130132 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Wakili, Kulu ◽

Anjuwon, Tayo Micheal ◽

Adepoju Oluwafemi Abiodun ◽

Owolabi A. Olumuyiwa ◽

James B. Dorcas

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Dietary Practices ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Poor Nutritional Status ◽

Age Range

Purpose: Nutritional status and dietary pattern of 120 randomly selected type-2 diabetic patients of both sexes (age range 18 and 65 years) attending medical outpatient clinics within Abuja metropolis were assessed. Methods: A cross-sectional survey involving pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaires was used. Socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, nutritional status and dietary pattern of the subjects were computed using standard methods. Results: The result of socio-demographic characteristics indicates that 52% are males and 48% are females. Subjects with primary education constitute 4.2%, about half of them having either secondary (48.3%) or tertiary (47.5%) education. Most (80.8%) of them are married, 32.5% fell within a monthly income range of N50,000 - N100,000 (US $139.07 - $278.14). Anthropometric indices showed that the height of 75% of the respondents was 159.9 ± 7.0 cm, 100% of the respondents’ weight, hip circumference, waist-hip ratio and waist-height ratio are 72.69 ± 16.88 cm, 104.6 ± 12.4 cm, 0.94 ± 0.1 and 0.61 ± 0.1 respectively. The nutritional status of the subjects revealed that only 25% fell within the normal BMI range, with 1.7% being underweight, 20.8% overweight and half of them (52.5%) obese and out of which 27% are morbid. Their dietary patterns showed that the food mostly consumed include cereals, processed cereals, legumes, vegetables, fruits and meat. More than a quarter of the respondents totally avoid sugar in their diet, while 33.33% rarely eat sugar. Eggs (48.33%) have a moderate frequency of consumption. Conclusion: This study concludes that the dietary practices of the respondents contribute to their poor nutritional status.

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Tobacco Use and Associated Risk Factors in Burkina Faso: Results from a Population-Based Cross-Sectional Survey.

10.21203/rs.2.12694/v5 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Bruno Bonnechère ◽

Cissé Kadari ◽

Millogo Tiéba ◽

Ouédraogo H. Gautier ◽

Garanet Franck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Burkina Faso ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Low Income ◽

Associated Factors ◽

World Health ◽

Low Income Countries ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Tobacco is a leading preventable cause of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Studies characterizing the prevalence of tobacco use in low-income countries are lacking. This study describes the prevalence of tobacco use in Burkina Faso and its associated factors. Methods : Data from the 2013 Burkina Faso World Health Organization (WHO) Stepwise approach to Surveillance (STEPS) were analyzed. The prevalence of any tobacco product use, cigarette smoking, and other tobacco use was calculated. Logistic regression analyses identified factors associated with tobacco use. Overall, 4,691 people were included in this analysis. Results: The prevalence of any tobacco use was 19.8% (95% CI: 18.4–21.2). Tobacco use was higher for men (29.2% [27.0–31.5]) than women (11.8% [10.3–13.4]). The prevalence of smoked tobacco was 11.3% (10.3–12.4), with a significantly higher prevalence among men (24.5% [22.1–27.0]) than women (0.1% [0.01–0.3]). The overall prevalence of other tobacco use was 8.9% (7.4–10.7), with lower values for men (5.6% [4.1–7.2]) compared to women (11.7% [9.4–14.1]). Tobacco smoking among men was significantly associated with an increased age and alcohol consumption. The analysis of risk factors for other tobacco use stratified by gender showed that age, education, residence, and alcohol consumption were significantly associated with consumption for women, and age and alcohol consumption for men. Conclusion: Tobacco use is common in Burkina Faso. To effectively reduce tobacco use in Burkina Faso, a comprehensive tobacco control program should consider associated factors, such as gender, age, and alcohol consumption.

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Magnitude of low birthweight in malaria endemic settings of Nanoro, rural Burkina Faso: a secondary data analysis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-00881-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Moussa Lingani ◽

Serge H. Zango ◽

Innocent Valéa ◽

Daniel Valia ◽

Maïmouna Sanou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Burkina Faso ◽

Low Birthweight ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Limited Information ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Important Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Maternal Characteristics

AbstractLow birthweight (LBW) is a worldwide problem that particularly affects developing countries. However, limited information is available on its magnitude in rural area of Burkina Faso. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of low birthweight and to identify its associated factors in Nanoro health district. A secondary analysis of data collected during a cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the prevalence of low birthweight in Nanoro health and demographic surveillance system area (HDSS). Maternal characteristics extracted from antenatal care books or by interview, completed by malaria diagnosis were examined through a multi-level logistic regression to estimate odd-ratios of association with low birthweight. Significance level was set at 5%. Of the 291 neonates examined, the prevalence of low birthweight was 12%. After adjustment for socio-demographic, obstetric and malaria prevention variables, being primigravid (OR = 8.84, [95% CI: 3.72–21.01]), or multigravid with history of stillbirth (OR = 5.03, [95% CI: 1.54–16.40]), as well as the lack of long-lasting insecticide treated bed net use by the mother the night preceding the admission for delivery (OR = 2.5, [95% CI: 1.1–5.9]) were significantly associated with neonate low birthweight. The number of antenatal visits however did not confer any direct benefit on birthweight status within this study area. The prevalence of low birthweight was high in the study area and represents an important public health problem in Burkina Faso. In light of these results, a redefinition of the content of the antenatal care package is needed.

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