Dietary patterns during pregnancy and the risk of postpartum depression: the mother–child ‘Rhea’ cohort in Crete, Greece

AbstractObjectiveTo identify and describe dietary patterns in a cohort of pregnant women, and investigate whether dietary patterns during pregnancy are related to postpartum depression (PPD).DesignThe study uses data from the prospective mother–child cohort ‘Rhea’ study. Pregnant women completed an FFQ in mid-pregnancy and the Edinburg Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) at 8–10 weeks postpartum. Dietary patterns during pregnancy (‘health conscious’, ‘Western’) were identified using principal component analysis. Associations between dietary patterns categorized in tertiles and PPD symptoms were investigated by multivariable regression models after adjusting for confounders.SettingHeraklion, Crete, Greece, 2007–2010.SubjectsA total of 529 women, participating in the ‘Rhea’ cohort.ResultsHigh adherence to a ‘health conscious’ diet, characterized by vegetables, fruit, pulses, nuts, dairy products, fish and olive oil, was associated with lower EPDS scores (highest v. lowest tertile: β-coefficient = −1·75, P = 0·02). Women in the second (relative risk (RR) = 0·52, 95 % CI 0·30, 0·92) or third tertile (RR = 0·51, 95 % CI 0·25, 1·05) of the ‘health conscious’ dietary pattern were about 50 % less likely to have high levels of PPD symptoms (EPDS ≥ 13) compared with those in the lowest tertile.ConclusionsThis is the first prospective study showing that a healthy diet during pregnancy is associated with reduced risk for PPD. Additional longitudinal studies and trials are needed to confirm these findings.

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The Assessment of a Multifactorial Score for the Adaptability Evaluation of Six Poultry Genotypes to the Organic System

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11102992 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 2992

Author(s):

Alice Cartoni Mancinelli ◽

Simona Mattioli ◽

Laura Menchetti ◽

Alessandro Dal Dal Bosco ◽

Claudia Ciarelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Regression Models ◽

Principal Component ◽

Daily Weight Gain ◽

Organic System ◽

Behavioral Observations ◽

Multivariable Regression ◽

Multivariable Models ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Multifactorial Approach ◽

Multivariable Regression Models

This study aimed to develop an adaptability score (AS) for chicken strains, which includes behavioral, plumage conditions, and body lesion indicators through a multifactorial approach. A total of 600 male chickens from 6 poultry genotypes—Ranger Classic (R1), Ranger Gold (R2), Rowan Ranger (R3), Hubbard Red JA (A), CY Gen 5 × JA87 (CY), and M22 × JA87 (M)—were reared under organic conditions, fed ad libitum, and individually weighed weekly to calculate the daily weight gain (DWG). The behavioral observations consisted of the explorative attitude (EA), recorded at 21 days, and the behavioral patterns (BPs) recorded the week before the slaughter. The AS was established by a principal component analysis, and the AS of these genotypes was compared. Moreover, the effect of DWG and genotype on the AS was evaluated by univariable and multivariable regression models. Although the DWG and genotype were strictly dependent, genotype was the most important factor affecting the AS. In fact, its effect was significant both in univariable (p < 0.001) and multivariable models (p < 0.001). Conversely, the DWG was significant only in the univariable and lost significance when the effect of genotype was introduced in the model.

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COVID-19 prevention behaviour over time in Australia: Patterns and long-term predictors from April to July 2020

10.1101/2021.02.04.21251165 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

J Ayre ◽

E Cvejic ◽

K McCaffery ◽

T Copp ◽

S Cornell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Regression Models ◽

High Adherence ◽

National Public Health ◽

Community Transmission ◽

Multivariable Regression ◽

Components Analysis ◽

Multivariable Regression Models ◽

Over Time

AbstractBackgroundIn Australia in March 2020 a national public health directive required that non-essential workers stay at home, except for essential activities. These restrictions began easing in May 2020 as community transmission slowed.PurposeThis study investigated changes in COVID-19 prevention behaviours from April-July 2020, and psychosocial predictors of these behaviours.Methods1,843 participants in Australia completed a national COVID-19 survey in April, with monthly follow-up over four months. Principal components analysis (PCA) combined self-reported adherence across seven prevention behaviours. Multivariable regression models explored baseline (April) correlates of behaviour in June (a period of low community transmission) and July (a period of increasing community transmission).ResultsOn average, participants agreed with statements of adherence for all behaviours (means all above 4 out of 7). PCA identified two behaviour types: ‘distancing’ (e.g. staying 1.5m away) and ‘hygiene’ (e.g. washing hands), explaining 28.3% and 24.2% of variance, respectively. Distancing declined each month (p’s<.001), whereas hygiene remained relatively stable. For distancing, stronger perceptions of societal risk, self-efficacy to maintain distancing, and greater perceived social obligation at baseline were associated with adherence in June and July (p’s<0.05). For hygiene, the only significant correlate of adherence in June and July was belief that one’s actions could prevent infection of family members (p<.001).ConclusionsHigh adherence to COVID-19 prevention behaviours were reported; however, distancing behaviours tended to decrease over time. Belief in social responsibility may be an important aspect to consider in encouraging distancing behaviours. Different policy approaches may be needed for different behavioural categories.

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The Impact of Weather and Seasons on Falls and Physical Activity among Older Adults with Glaucoma: A Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21103415 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (10) ◽

pp. 3415

Author(s):

Hursuong Vongsachang ◽

Aleksandra Mihailovic ◽

Jian-Yu E ◽

David S. Friedman ◽

Sheila K. West ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Fall Prevention ◽

Regression Models ◽

Activity Promotion ◽

Injurious Fall ◽

Multivariable Regression ◽

Multivariable Regression Models ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Understanding periods of the year associated with higher risk for falling and less physical activity may guide fall prevention and activity promotion for older adults. We examined the relationship between weather and seasons on falls and physical activity in a three-year cohort of older adults with glaucoma. Participants recorded falls information via monthly calendars and participated in four one-week accelerometer trials (baseline and per study year). Across 240 participants, there were 406 falls recorded over 7569 person-months, of which 163 were injurious (40%). In separate multivariable regression models incorporating generalized estimating equations, temperature, precipitation, and seasons were not significantly associated with the odds of falling, average daily steps, or average daily active minutes. However, every 10 °C increase in average daily temperature was associated with 24% higher odds of a fall being injurious, as opposed to non-injurious (p = 0.04). The odds of an injurious fall occurring outdoors, as opposed to indoors, were greater with higher average temperatures (OR per 10 °C = 1.46, p = 0.03) and with the summer season (OR = 2.69 vs. winter, p = 0.03). Falls and physical activity should be understood as year-round issues for older adults, although the likelihood of injury and the location of fall-related injuries may change with warmer season and temperatures.

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The food patterns of a multicenter cohort of Brazilian nulliparous pregnant women

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-95185-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Maria J. Miele ◽

Renato T. Souza ◽

Iracema M. Calderon ◽

Francisco E. Feitosa ◽

Débora F. Leite ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Principal Component ◽

Good Representation ◽

Processed Foods ◽

Food Groups ◽

Dietary Recall ◽

Complex Process ◽

Nutrient Consumption ◽

Main Components

AbstractAssessment of human nutrition is a complex process, in pregnant women identify dietary patterns through mean nutrient consumption can be an opportunity to better educate women on how to improve their overall health through better eating. This exploratory study aimed to identify a posteriori dietary patterns in a cohort of nulliparous pregnant women. The principal component analysis (PCA) technique was performed, with Varimax orthogonal rotation of data extracted from the 24-h dietary recall, applied at 20 weeks of gestation. We analysed 1.145 dietary recalls, identifying five main components that explained 81% of the dietary pattern of the sample. Dietary patterns found were: Obesogenic, represented by ultra-processed foods, processed foods, and food groups rich in carbohydrates, fats and sugars; Traditional, most influenced by natural, minimally processed foods, groups of animal proteins and beans; Intermediate was similar to the obesogenic, although there were lower loads; Vegetarian, which was the only good representation of fruits, vegetables and dairy products; and Protein, which best represented the groups of proteins (animal and vegetable). The obesogenic and intermediate patterns represented over 37% of the variation in food consumption highlighting the opportunity to improve maternal health especially for women at first mothering.

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Abstract 3572: Clinical Outcomes of the “Stroke100 Club”

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.43.suppl_1.a3572 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Amy K Guzik ◽

Rema Raman ◽

Kain Ernstrom ◽

Dawn M Meyer ◽

Ajeet Sodhi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Regression Models ◽

Young Patients ◽

Older Age ◽

Advanced Age ◽

Stroke Severity ◽

Old Patients ◽

Multivariable Regression ◽

Independent Variable ◽

Poor Outcomes ◽

Multivariable Regression Models

Background: Patients with advanced age or high NIHSS have poorer tPA outcomes. When combined, old age (≥80yo) and elevated NIHSS (≥20) may have an even worse outcome. Patients who are also in this “Stroke100 Club” (any combination of age and NIHSS ≥100) by other means, have not been fully assessed. We evaluated discharge destination, 90-day mRS, sICH and death in treated and untreated Stroke100 Club patients. We further compared patients with age ≥ 80 and NIHSS ≥ 20 (“80/20s”), those who reached 100 without both characteristics (“non80/20s”) and ‘controls’. Methods: The UCSD SPOTRIAS prospectively collected database was analyzed for AIS patients (with and without tPA). Multivariable regression models including the Stroke100 group as an independent variable was used. Outcomes were adjusted for baseline mRS. For comparing categorical outcomes between controls, “80/20s” and “non80/20s” subgroups, a Fisher’s exact was used. Results: The IV tPA subset included 257 patients (mean age 71, 52% male, 85% white, mean NIHSS 12). 53 were in the “Stroke100 Club” (28 80/20, 25 non80/20), with more women (68% p= 0.002), higher NIHSS (22.5 p<0.0001), older age (mean age 86.4 p<0.0001), higher pre stroke mRS (34.6% mRS 3-6 vs 7.84%, p<0.0001), more HTN (p=0.045) and more afib (p= 0.008). There were 284 non tPA patients (mean age 69.52, 54% male, 85% white, mean NIHSS 5.92). 21 were in the “Stroke100 Club” (14 80/20, 7 non80/20), with higher NIHSS (23 p<0.0001), older age (mean 86.2 p<0.0001), higher pre stroke mRS (45.5% 3-6 vs 9.5%, p= 0.0001), and more afib (p= 0.0002). Stroke100 Club 90day mRS(3-6) outcomes were worse in both tPA treated patients (OR=6.77, p= 0.0001) and nontreated patients (OR 31.57, p= 0.001). sICH rates (in tPA subjects) were not different (3.8% vs 3.4%, p> 0.99). Conclusions: There is a question of treatment outcome in patients with various permutations of stroke severity and advanced age. Our data corroborates the concern of poor outcomes for Stroke100 Club patients, but notes no increased sICH with tPA. Though outcome may be poor, withholding tPA should be discouraged as worse outcomes were not due to sICH. Young patients with severe strokes or old patients with mild strokes may have outcomes similar to the standard “80/20” Stroke100 patients, however further adjusted analysis is ongoing. In addition, further analyses are being done to compare tPA to non tPA patients.

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Association of Dietary Patterns with Metabolic Syndrome: Results from the Kardiovize Brno 2030 Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10070898 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 898 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Antonella Agodi ◽

Andrea Maugeri ◽

Sarka Kunzova ◽

Ondrej Sochor ◽

Hana Bauerova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

International Diabetes Federation ◽

Principal Component ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Western Dietary Pattern ◽

High Adherence

Although metabolic syndrome (MetS) could be handled by lifestyle interventions, its relationship with dietary patterns remains unclear in populations from Central Europe. Using data from the Kardiovize Brno cohort, the present study aims to identify the main dietary patterns and to evaluate their association with MetS risk in a random urban sample from Brno, Czech Republic. In a cross-sectional study of 1934 subjects aged 25–65 years (44.3% male), dietary patterns were derived by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) administration and principal component analysis. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation statement. Logistic regression models were applied. High adherence to the prudent dietary pattern was associated with lower odds of abdominal obesity, abnormal glucose concentration, and MetS. By contrast, high adherence to the western dietary pattern was associated with higher odds of abnormal glucose, triglycerides and blood pressure levels. Whilst our results confirm the deleterious effect of a western dietary pattern on several metabolic risk factors, they also indicate that the consumption of a diet rich in cereals, fish, fruit and vegetables is associated with a healthier metabolic profile. However, further prospective research is warranted to develop and validate novel potential preventive strategies against MetS and its complications.

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Exploring of Dietary Patterns, and Possible Association with Educational Level, among Jordanian Pregnant Women

Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal ◽

10.12944/crnfsj.9.1.04 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 31-39

Author(s):

Reema Tayyem ◽

Shatha Hammad ◽

Sabika S. Allehdan ◽

Dana Abdelrahim ◽

Lydia Djellouli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Educational Level ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Principal Component ◽

Fruit And Vegetables ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Dietary Practices ◽

Activity Data ◽

Highly Educated

Evaluating dietary patterns could provide an overall view of food and nutrient which consumed regularly. Better understanding of dietary patterns in pregnant women may be considered an acceptable mean to identify unhealthy dietary practices and the associations with undesirable pregnancy outcomes, which necessitates urgent intervention. This study aimed to determine the dietary pattern followed by Jordanian women during pregnancy in the second and third trimesters and to detect possible association between the dietary patterns and educational level. A total of 286 healthy, pregnant Jordanian women, aged ≥ 18 years with singleton pregnancies, completed the study. Sociodemographic, dietary, and physical activity data were collected using validated questionnaires. Dietary patterns were identified using a Principal Component Analysis. A multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the effect of education level on dietary intake. Three dietary patterns were identified during the entire duration of pregnancy; ‘High-Fat, High-Sugar’, ‘Fruit and Vegetables', and ‘High Protein’ which explained about 32% of the variability of the study sample. Dietary patterns adopted by pregnant women during the second and third trimesters, separately, were able to explain about 40% of the variability during each trimester. Educational level showed associations with dietary patterns, in which ‘Fruit and Vegetables' and ‘Healthy’ patterns were remarkably manifested as the preferred pattern of consumption for the highly educated women during their third trimester. Different dietary patterns have been identified among Jordanian pregnant women throughout their pregnancy trimesters. Higher educational level could influence food choices. Fruit and Vegetables' and ‘Healthy’ patterns were the followed patterns among the highly educated women during their third trimester.

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Preadmission Corticosteroid Therapy and the Risk of Respiratory Failure in Adults Without HIV Presenting With Pneumocystis Pneumonia

Journal of Intensive Care Medicine ◽

10.1177/0885066619834242 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (12) ◽

pp. 1465-1470 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Patrick M. Wieruszewski ◽

Erin F. Barreto ◽

Jason N. Barreto ◽

Hemang Yadav ◽

Pritish K. Tosh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Failure ◽

Corticosteroid Therapy ◽

Regression Models ◽

Pneumocystis Pneumonia ◽

Severe Respiratory Failure ◽

Corticosteroid Administration ◽

Multivariable Regression ◽

Multivariable Regression Models ◽

Reduced Risk ◽

Hiv Negative

Background: Corticosteroid therapy is a well-recognized risk factor for Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP); however, it has also been proposed as an adjunct to decrease inflammation and respiratory failure. Objective: To determine the association between preadmission corticosteroid use and risk of moderate-to-severe respiratory failure at the time of PCP presentation. Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated HIV-negative immunosuppressed adults diagnosed with PCP at Mayo Clinic from 2006 to 2016. Multivariable regression models were used to evaluate the association between preadmission corticosteroid exposure and moderate-to-severe respiratory failure at presentation. Results: Of the 323 patients included, 174 (54%) used preadmission corticosteroids with a median daily dosage of 20 (interquartile range: 10-40) mg of prednisone or equivalent. After adjustment for baseline demographics, preadmission corticosteroid therapy did not decrease respiratory failure at the time of PCP presentation (odds ratio: 1.23, 95% confidence interval: 0.73-2.09, P = .38). Additionally, after adjusting for inpatient corticosteroid administration, preadmission corticosteroid use did not impact the need for intensive care unit admission ( P = .98), mechanical ventilation ( P = .92), or 30-day mortality ( P = .11). Conclusions: Corticosteroid exposure before PCP presentation in immunosuppressed HIV-negative adults was not associated with a reduced risk of moderate-to-severe respiratory failure.

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