scholarly journals Evaluation of the efficacy, safety and acceptability of a fish protein isolate in the nutrition of children under 36 months of age

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 2819-2826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa J Ochoa ◽  
Nelly Baiocchi ◽  
Gladys Valdiviezo ◽  
Vanessa Bullon ◽  
Miguel Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Fish Protein ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fish Protein Isolate

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the effect of a fish protein isolate (FPi), administered over 6 months, on the growth of children aged 6–36 months, measured by Z-scores of height-for-age (HAZ) and weight-for-height (WHZ), compared with the standard meal without FPi; and to determine the safety and acceptability of FPi daily consumption.DesignCluster-randomized community-based controlled trial. For 6 months, the centres received either FPi replacing 50 % of total proteins in the diet or standard protein. HAZ and WHZ were used to determine the effect on growth. Acceptability was determined by daily consumption, measured by weighing the servings before and after consumption.SettingDay care centres and community nutritional centres in northern Lima, Peru.SubjectsChildren (n 441) aged 6–36 months.ResultsFour centres were randomized to the intervention with FPi, five centres were randomized to the standard control diet. More than 36 900 meals were prepared and administered in a supervised manner. Both groups received the same amounts of energy and proteins daily (proteins about 12–15 % of total energy). Growth of children who received the FPi diet was similar to that of children with the standard diet. Consumption was similar in the FPi and control groups (70 v. 80 % of amount offered, respectively). The protein was safe and well tolerated. No adverse events were reported. However, the cost of the intervention with FPi was 20–40 % lower v. the standard diet with animal protein derived from beef, chicken, eggs or liver.ConclusionsThe FPi was well accepted and there was no significant difference in growth between both groups. FPi is a potential source of animal protein at lower cost.

scholarly journals Effects of Fermented Milk Containing Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Strain Shirota on Constipation in Patients with Depression: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2238
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Zhang ◽  
Shanbin Chen ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Fazheng Ren ◽  
Yimei Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Factor Α

Probiotics have been shown to benefit patients with constipation and depression, but whether they specifically alleviate constipation in patients with depression remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain Shirota (LcS), formerly Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota, on constipation in patients with depression with specific etiology and gut microbiota and on depressive regimens. Eighty-two patients with constipation were recruited. The subjects consumed 100 mL of a LcS beverage (108 CFU/mL) or placebo every day for 9 weeks. After ingesting beverages for this period, we observed no significant differences in the total patient constipation-symptom (PAC-SYM) scores in the LcS group when compared with the placebo group. However, symptoms/scores in item 7 (rectal tearing or bleeding after a bowel movement) and items 8–12 (stool symptom subscale) were more alleviated in the LcS group than in the placebo group. The Beck Depression Index (BDI) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores were all significantly decreased, and the degree of depression was significantly improved in both the placebo and LcS groups (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the groups. The LcS intervention increased the beneficial Adlercreutzia, Megasphaera and Veillonella levels and decreased the bacterial levels related to mental illness, such as Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Sutterella and Oscillibacter. Additionally, the interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were significantly decreased in both the placebo and LcS groups (p < 0.05). In particular, the IL-6 levels were significantly lower in the LcS group than the placebo group after the ingestion period (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the daily consumption of LcS for 9 weeks appeared to relieve constipation and improve the potentially depressive symptoms in patients with depression and significantly decrease the IL-6 levels. In addition, the LcS supplementation also appeared to regulate the intestinal microbiota related to mental illness.

P42 The impact of a change to hospital guidelines on prescribing practices of nebulised 3% w/v ‘hypertonic’ saline

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. e1.47-e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semple Diarmaid ◽  
McNally Paul ◽  
Fitzpatrick Anne ◽  
Adeyemi Kenny ◽  
McGrory Niamh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypertonic Saline ◽  
Clinical Guideline ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Inappropriate Prescribing ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
List Type ◽  
Guideline Compliance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

AimsRecent conclusive evidence has suggested that, contrary to previous limited evidence, there is no benefit to the use of 3% hypertonic saline (3% HS) in the treatment of bronchiolitis in infants.1,2 This led to a change in the clinical guideline during the 2015/2016 bronchiolitis season. We hypothesised that the use of hypertonic saline was preventing the use of other un-necessary treatments and that inappropriate prescribing would increase following the advice not to give hypertonic saline.The primary aim of the study was to determine if the removal of 3% hypertonic saline from the institutional clinical guideline would result in reduced prescribing patterns. A secondary aim was to evaluate the overall prescribing compliance with the guideline including in the prescribing of antibiotics and bronchodilators, and identify if the change in the clinical guideline impacted the prescribing of other agents in children admitted with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis.MethodsData on medical treatments and hospital outcomes were prospectively collected on all infants in the 2015/2016 season both before and after the change in guideline. Details of all medicines prescribed on the patients Medication Record particularly bronchodilators, antimicrobials and inhaled agents were collected. Patient demographics were collected from medical notes. Results were analysed using chi square and Mann Whitney in Excel and Stata.Results128 children (86 before, 42 after the change in guideline) were recruited to the study. Baseline demographics were similar except for a higher proportion of children with RSV in the pre-group. Overall guideline compliance was achieved by 2 infants pre, and 3 infants post guideline change (4%). The use of hypertonic saline decreased significantly after the change in guideline but did not cease (90% pre, 71% post p<0.01). Bronchodilators were used in one in 4 infants and antibiotics in one in 3 infants, and there was no significant difference in these rates before or after the change in guidelines.ConclusionThe change to the guideline reduced the use of 3%HS, however overall guideline compliance in children with bronchiolitis is poor. Hypertonic saline use decreased when the guideline changed but a significant portion of children before and after the guideline change received medications not indicated in the treatment of bronchiolitis, including bronchodilators and antibiotics. It appears that it remains difficult to ‘do nothing’ for bronchiolitis. Poor clinical practice remains and education of clinical staff is necessary in this regard.ReferencesGuidance: Bronchiolitis in children: diagnosis and management, NICE (NG9) Published date: June 2015.Silver AH, Esteban-Cruciani N, Azzarone G, et al. 3% hypertonic saline versus normal saline in inpatient bronchiolitis: A randomised controlled trial. Paediatrics2015;136:1036–1043.

scholarly journals Egg Yolk Antioxidants Profiles: Effect of Diet Supplementation with Linseeds and Tomato-Red Pepper Mixture before and after Storage

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Besma Omri ◽  
Nadir Alloui ◽  
Alessandra Durazzo ◽  
Massimo Lucarini ◽  
Alessandra Aiello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Red Pepper ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Tomato Paste ◽  
Before And After

This study evaluated the effect of dietary incorporation of linseed alone or along with dried tomato paste-pepper powder mix on egg physical characteristics, antioxidant profiles, lipid oxidative status, and yolk coloration before and after storage at 4 °C for one month. Sixty Novogen White laying hens, 27 weeks-old, were divided into three groups and given 100 g/hen/day of a standard diet (C), standard diet containing 4.5% of ground linseed (L), linseed diet containing 1% of dried tomato paste and 1% of sweet red pepper (LTP). Linseeds increased (p < 0.05) egg yolk antioxidant capacity but not lipid oxidative stability (p > 0.05). However, dietary inclusion of LTP did not improve fresh egg yolk antioxidant activity and lipid oxidation stability (p > 0.05). With reference to the stored eggs, only antioxidant activity measured by phosphomolybdenum reduction and lipid oxidative stability were influenced (p < 0.05) by the dietary treatment. Fresh egg yolk of hens fed on linseeds tended to have a slightly more yellow, redder, and less light color than the eggs of hens fed with the control diet. Dietary supplementation of LTP increased (p < 0.05) the Roche yolk color fan (RYCF) score and redness (a*) and decreased (p < 0.05) lightness (L*) without affecting (p > 0.05) saturation (C*). Storage of hens’ eggs fed on the control diet did not influence (p > 0.05) yolk color.

scholarly journals The Effect of 1,8-Cineole Inhalation on Preoperative Anxiety: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ka Young Kim ◽  
Hyo Jin Seo ◽  
Sun Seek Min ◽  
Mira Park ◽  
Geun Hee Seol
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analog Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Almond Oil ◽  
Eucalyptus Oil ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Selective Nerve Root Block

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of inhalation of eucalyptus oil and its constituents on anxiety in patients before selective nerve root block (SNRB). This study was a randomized controlled trial carried out in 62 patients before SNRB. The patients were randomized to inhale limonene, 1,8-cineole, or eucalyptus oil, each at concentrations of 1% vol/vol in almond oil or almond oil (control). Anxiety-visual analog scale (A-VAS), state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI), profile of mood states (POMS), pain-visual analog scale (P-VAS), blood pressure, and pulse rate were measured before and after inhalation prior to SNRB. Measures of anxiety, including A-VAS (P<0.001), STAI (P=0.005), and POMS (P<0.001), were significantly lower in 1,8-cineole than in the control group and significantly greater in 1,8-cineole than in the eucalyptus group in A-VAS. P-VAS was significantly lower after than before inhalation of limonene, 1,8-cineole, and eucalyptus, despite having no significant difference in the four groups compared with control group. 1,8-Cineole, a major constituent of eucalyptus, was effective in decreasing anxiety before SNRB. The present findings suggest that inhalation of 1,8-cineole may be used to relieve anxiety before, during, and after various operations, in addition to SNRB.

scholarly journals Effect of dried California Mission figs on mineral status and food replacement

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1135-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba K Alshaeri ◽  
Zuhair S Natto ◽  
Serena Tonstad ◽  
Ella Haddad ◽  
Karen Jaceldo-Siegl
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
The Body ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Mineral Levels ◽  
California Mission ◽  
Usual Diet

AbstractObjectiveFigs are a rich source of several different minerals and fibres. We studied the effect of the consumption of dried California Mission figs on mineral and nutrient levels, as well as the effect of the addition of figs to a self-selected habitual diet on dietary patterns.DesignA crossover randomized controlled trial study design in which participants with a mean of age of approximately 56 years were randomly assigned to eat either their usual diet for 5 weeks or to add dried California Mission figs (120 g/d) to their usual diet for 5 weeks, after which they crossed over to the other group for an additional 5 weeks. Six 24 h dietary recalls and four blood samples were obtained from each participant.SettingLoma Linda University School of Public Health, USA.SubjectsA follow-up study using data collected from eighty-eight American males and females from September to December 2008.ResultsDiets reported in the 24 h dietary recall during the fig-supplemented diet period were significantly higher in Ca and K in the dietary and total phase (P value<0·05). Nevertheless, data on mineral levels in the body gathered by means of biochemical analyses from blood samples were nearly the same for both the figs-added and the participants’ standard diet. The estimated displacement suggests that eating figs resulted in the elimination of 4 % of desserts, 5 % of vegetables, 10 % of dairy products, 23 % of grain products and 168 % of beverages from other sources that participants would otherwise consume.ConclusionsBased on 24 h dietary recalls, the daily consumption of figs may increase the intake of several different minerals. However, mineral levels in blood samples were not altered significantly.

scholarly journals Microencapsulation of Anchovy Fish Oil (Engraulis encrasicolus) with Fish Protein (Equulites klunzingeri) Isolate: Nutritional Assessment

10.4194/afs16 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. AFS16-AFS16
Author(s):  
Gülsün Özyurt ◽  
Ahmet Faruk Yesilsu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Fish Protein ◽  
Engraulis Encrasicolus ◽  
Anchovy Oil ◽  
Fish Protein Isolate ◽  
Microencapsulated Fish Oil

Fish protein isolates extracted from underutilised fish species were used for coating material of anchovy oils and their nutritive value was investigated in this study. For this purpose, Klunzinger’s ponyfish (Equulites klunzingeri) proteins were extracted by using pH shifting process. Micro particles were prepared with anchovy oil (Engraulis encrasicolus) as core material (10%), and as wall materials a ratio of 5% and 10% fish protein isolate (FPI) was used. Maltodextrin (DE: 18:20) was added to both groups in a ratio of 10%. The emulsions were fed immediately into a Buchi Mini Spray Dryer (B290, Switzerland). The inlet temperatures, feed rate and aspiration rate were maintained at 160 oC, 15 mL/min and 35m3/h, respectively. The lipid, protein and moisture contents of anchovy oil microcapsules containing 5% FPI and 10% FPI were found as 43.76-43.09%, 4.34- 9.82% and 3.95-3.92%, respectively. The main amino acids in microcapsule samples were lysine, glutamic acid, and leucine which constituted in the range of 349-578 mg/100 g sample for microcapsules containing 5% FPI, and 805-1547 mg/100 g sample for microcapsules containing 10% FPI. In addition to that, essential and non-essential amino acids (E/NE) ratio for microencapsulated fish oil with 5% FPI and 10% FPI were determined 0.92 and 0.95, respectively. As a result of this study, it can be concluded that the addition of fish protein isolate enhanced the nutritive value of microencapsulated fish oil

scholarly journals Efficiency of Nicotinamide-based Supportive Therapy in Lymphopenia for Patients With COVID-19: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Hu ◽  
Quan-Yu Zhang ◽  
Cheng-Fei Peng ◽  
Zhuang Ma ◽  
Ya-Ling Han
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Composite Endpoint ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Improvement Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Secondary Endpoints ◽  
Absolute Lymphocyte Counts

Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficiency of nicotinamide-based supportive therapy in lymphopenia for patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Methods: 24 patients diagnosed with the COVID-19 were randomly divided into two groups (n=12) during hospitalization in the ratio of 1:1. Based on the conventional treatment, the treatment group was given 100mg nicotinamide, five times a day. The control group only received routine treatments. The primary endpoint was the change in absolute lymphocyte counts. The secondary endpoints included both the in-hospital death and the composite endpoint of aggravation, according to upgraded oxygen therapy, improvement of nursing level, and ward rounds of superior physicians for changes of conditions. Results: The full blood counts before and after receiving the nicotinamide were comparable in each group (all P>0.05). Before and after receiving the nicotinamide, mean absolute lymphocyte counts were similar between the two groups ([0.94±0.26]*109/L versus [0.89±0.19]*109/L, P=0.565; [1.15±0.48]*109/L versus [1.02±0.28]*109/L, P=0.445, respectively). Therefore, there was no statistically significant difference in the lymphocyte improvement rate between the two groups (23.08±46.10 versus 16.52±24.10, P=0.67). There was also no statistically significant difference for the secondary endpoints between the two groups.Conclusion: Among patients with COVID-19, there was no statistically significant difference in change of full blood counts and the absolute lymphocyte counts before and after intervention in both groups. Therefore, no new evidence was found for the effect of niacinamide on lymphopenia in patients with COVID-19.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04910230. Registered 1 June 2021-retrospectively registered.

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