scholarly journals Food insecurity, acculturation and diagnosis of CHD and related health outcomes among immigrant adults in the USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D Smith ◽  
Alisha Coleman-Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractObjective:To deepen understanding of the relationship between food insecurity, acculturation, and diagnosis of CHD and related health outcomes among immigrant adults.Design:Using cross-sectional, nationally representative data from the National Health Interview Survey 2011 to 2015, we address two research questions. First, what is the relationship of household food insecurity and acculturation with: CHD, angina pectoris, heart attack, self-rated poor health and obesity? Second, what is the association of food insecurity with these health outcomes over years of living in the USA? We estimate multivariate logistic regressions without (question 1) and with (question 2) an interaction term between food insecurity and acculturation for CHD and related health outcomes.Setting:USA.Participants:Low-income immigrant adults.Results:Food insecurity and acculturation are both associated with diagnosis of CHD and related health outcomes among immigrant adults. Food insecurity and acculturation are associated with the health of female immigrants more than males. Also, the differences by food security status in the probability of having several poor health outcomes (self-rated heath, obesity, women’s angina pectoris) are largest for those in the USA for less than 5 years, decrease for those who have lived in the USA for 5–14 years, and are larger again for those in the USA for 15 or more years.Conclusions:Recent and long-term food-insecure immigrants are more vulnerable to CHD and related health outcomes than those in the USA for 5–14 years. Further research is needed to understand why.

scholarly journals Characteristics associated with changes in food security status among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Soldavini ◽  
Hazael Andrew ◽  
Maureen Berner
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Security Module ◽  
Adult Food

Abstract The prevalence of food insecurity in the USA has increased since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic; however, past studies have not examined how the food security status of college students has been impacted. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in the prevalence of food insecurity; determine the proportion of students experiencing a change in food security status; and identify characteristics associated with changes in food security status from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic among a sample of college students. We administered a cross-sectional online survey to students from a large public university in the Southeastern USA. The 10-item U.S. Adult Food Security Module was used to assess food security status during the spring 2020 semester both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and students self-reported a variety of individual characteristics. The overall prevalence of food insecurity increased by approximately one-third during the spring 2020 semester from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic. When examining the types of changes in food security status experienced by students, 12% improved, 68% stayed the same, and 20% worsened. A variety of characteristics were associated with an improvement or worsening of food security status category from before to during the pandemic. Similar to what is seen in other reports, we found that the overall proportion of college students in our sample experiencing food insecurity increased during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, some students showed improvements in food security status. Approaches for addressing food insecurity during and beyond the pandemic are needed.

scholarly journals Health Inequalities in the Diverse World of Self-Employment: A Swedish National Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12301
Author(s):  
Karl Gauffin ◽  
Andrea Dunlavy
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
The Self ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Regular Employment ◽  
National Cohort ◽  
The Relationship

With labor being a central social determinant of health, there is an increasing need to investigate health inequalities within the heterogenous and growing population in self-employment. This study aimed to longitudinally investigate the relationship between income level, self-employment status and multiple work-related health indicators in a Swedish national cohort (n = 3,530,309). The study investigated the relationship between self-employment status and health outcomes later in life. All poor health outcomes, with the exception of alcohol-related disorders, were more common in the self-employed population, compared to the group in regular employment. The income gradient, however, was more pronounced in the group with regular employment than the groups in self-employment. The study found clear connections between low income and poor health in all employment groups, but the gradient was more pronounced in the group in regular employment. This suggests that income has a weaker connection to other types of health promoting resources in the self-employed population. Potentially, lacking social and public support could make it difficult for unhealthy individuals to maintain low-income self-employment over a longer time period.

scholarly journals Food insecurity and subsequent weight gain in women

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonya J Jones ◽  
Edward A Frongillo
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Using Data

AbstractObjectiveCross-sectional data indicate that a relationship between household food insecurity and overweight exists among women in the USA. Cross-sectional data cannot determine if food insecurity leads to overweight as some have hypothesised. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship of food insecurity with subsequent weight gain in women using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID).Design, setting and subjectsPanel data from the 1999 and 2001 PSID, a nationally representative sample of households, were analysed using multivariate regression procedures.ResultsAverage weight gain among all women (n = 5595) was 1.1 kg on average over the two years. There were no significant differences in the percentages of women who gained a clinically significant amount (2.3 kg) by food insecurity status. Overweight women who were on a weight-gain trajectory during the 2-year period gained less if they were food-insecure. This relationship was not observed among healthy-weight or obese women.ConclusionsOverall, food insecurity does not appear to be strongly associated with subsequent weight gain in women.

A systematic review examining the relationship between food insecurity and early childhood physiological health outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1086-1097
Author(s):  
Shannon Deirdre Simonovich ◽  
Maria Pineros-Leano ◽  
Asma Ali ◽  
Olanrewaju Awosika ◽  
Anne Herman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Food insecurity, or limited access to nutritious foods, is a significant public health concern especially among vulnerable populations including infants and young children in low-income households. While literature to date has thoroughly examined the psychological and behavioral impacts of food insecurity on children, no known study to date has specifically synthesized the literature exploring the relationship between food insecurity and physiological health outcomes during early childhood. The purpose of this study was to review the literature on physiological health outcomes associated with food insecurity during early childhood among children aged 0–5 years in developed countries. Our literature search sources included PubMed, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and Embase databases. A total of 657 articles published up to September 2019 were reviewed for eligibility by two coders, with a third reviewer in cases of disagreement. Eighty-three articles remained after screening by abstract, with a final 27 studies ultimately included in the final synthesis. This review is registered with PROSPERO and adhered to PRISMA guidelines. In total, 20 articles (74%) noted significant relationships between food insecurity and physiological health outcomes in young children. Findings included an association with overweight or obesity (n = 9), anemia (n = 3), poor child health (n = 3), low birth weight (n = 3), chronic illness (n = 1), special health care needs (n = 1), and increased cortisol (n = 1), in young children who experience food insecurity. Identifying relationships between food insecurity and health outcomes during early childhood has the potential to inform future prevention interventions to reduce health disparities in these vulnerable populations.

Food Security Status and Hair Cortisol among Low-income Mother-Child Dyads

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 1813-1828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiying Ling ◽  
Lorraine B. Robbins ◽  
Dongjuan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Low Income Families

This cross-sectional study among low-income mother-child dyads examined the relationship between food security status and hair cortisol concentration (HCC), and how mother and child food security status was interactively related to mothers’ perceived distress and coping. Data from 32 dyads were analyzed. Approximately 46.9% had household food insecurity, 37.5% children had food insecurity, and 34.4% mothers had food insecurity. Children with food insecurity had significantly higher HCC than those with food security. A significant interaction effect occurred between child food security status and race on children’s HCC, with White children’s HCC being more likely to be influenced by food security status. Mother food security and child food security status together explained about 6% of the variance in mothers’ HCC, 27% in perceived distress, and 18% in perceived coping. These findings indicate that assisting low-income families with food insecurity to get enough food can benefit both children’s and mothers’ mental health.

Self-Management as a Mediator of the Relationship between Social Support Dimensions and Health Outcomes of African American Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 485-494
Author(s):  
Tariq N. Al-Dwaikat ◽  
Diane Orr Chlebowy ◽  
Lynne A. Hall ◽  
Timothy N. Crawford ◽  
Pamela A. Yankeelov
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Functional Support

Social support promotes behavior change and self-management that leads to improved health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of self-management in mediating the relationship between social support dimensions and health outcomes of African Americans with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Cross-sectional data were collected from 102 African Americans with T2D at an outpatient clinic. The majority of the participants were female, single, unemployed, and having low income. Functional support, the quality of the primary intimate relationship, and the number of support persons were negatively correlated with depression. Functional support and satisfaction with support explained a significant small amount of the variance in self-management. However, self-management did not mediate the relationships between social support dimensions and the health outcomes. The results of this study shed the light on the unique relationships of social support dimensions with health outcomes of African Americans with T2D.

scholarly journals The relationship between food insecurity and overweight/obesity differs by birthplace and length of US residence

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Ryan-Ibarra ◽  
Emma V Sanchez-Vaznaugh ◽  
Cindy Leung ◽  
Marta Induni
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Immigrant Women ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Important Pathway ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health Programmes

AbstractObjectiveTo examine whether the cross-sectional association between food insecurity and overweight/obesity varied according to birthplace and length of residence in the USA among California women.DesignUsing cross-sectional, population-based data from the California Women’s Health Survey (CWHS) 2009–2012, we examined whether the association between food insecurity and overweight or obesity varied by birthplace–length of US residence.SettingCalifornia, USA.SubjectsWomen (n16 008) aged 18 years or older.ResultsAmong US-born women, very low food security (prevalence ratio (PR)=1·21; 95 % CI 1·11, 1·31) and low food security (PR=1·19; 95 % CI 1·10, 1·28) were significantly associated with higher prevalence of overweight/obesity, after controlling for age, marital status, race/ethnicity, poverty and education. Among immigrant women who lived in the USA for 10 years or longer, very low food security was significantly associated with higher prevalence of overweight/obesity, after controlling for covariates (PR=1·16; 95 % CI 1·07, 1·27). Among immigrant women who had lived in the USA for less than 10 years, low and very low food security were not significantly associated with overweight/obesity, after controlling for covariates.ConclusionsFood insecurity may be an important pathway through which weight may increase with longer US residence among immigrant women. Public health programmes and policies should focus on increasing food security for all women, including immigrant women, as one strategy to reduce the prevalence of overweight/obesity.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Food Security Status and Sleep Disturbance among Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study in an Indonesian Population

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3411
Author(s):  
Emyr Reisha Isaura ◽  
Yang-Ching Chen ◽  
Hsiu-Yueh Su ◽  
Shwu-Huey Yang
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Measurement Information ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The relationship between food insecurity and the experience of sleep disturbance has received little attention among researchers, although food insecurity is associated with poor physical and mental health globally. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between food security status and sleep disturbance among adults 20–64 years old. Methods: The study’s population-based sample included 20,212 Indonesian adults who participated in the fifth wave of the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS5) in 2014. Dietary intake data, gathered using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), were used to assess the food security status. Sleep disturbance was assessed using the 10-item Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) questionnaire. We used multiple linear and logistic regression models to test the study hypothesis. Results: A higher likelihood of experiencing sleep disturbance was recorded in people aged older than 56 years (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.17–2.72, p = 0.007), people with depressive symptoms (OR = 3.57, 95% CI: 2.77–4.61, p < 0.001), and food-insecure people (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.02–1.70, p = 0.036). A lower likelihood of experiencing sleep disturbance was recorded in people with low educational attainment (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.30–0.57, p < 0.001). Sleep disturbance was dependent on the food consumption groups and food security status among men (p = 0.004). Conclusions: Sleep disturbance may be affected by the food-insecure status of adults, and later, may lead to serious health outcomes.

scholarly journals Relationship between food insecurity and smoking status among women living with and at risk for HIV in the USA: a cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e054903
Author(s):  
Lila A Sheira ◽  
Edward A Frongillo ◽  
Judith Hahn ◽  
Kartika Palar ◽  
Elise D Riley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Living With Hiv

ObjectivesPeople living with HIV (PLHIV) in the USA, particularly women, have a higher prevalence of food insecurity than the general population. Cigarette smoking among PLHIV is common (42%), and PLHIV are 6–13 times more likely to die from lung cancer than AIDS-related causes. This study sought to investigate the associations between food security status and smoking status and severity among a cohort of predominantly low-income women of colour living with and without HIV in the USA.DesignWomen enrolled in an ongoing longitudinal cohort study from 2013 to 2015.SettingNine participating sites across the USA.Participants2553 participants enrolled in the Food Insecurity Sub-Study of the Women’s Interagency HIV Study, a multisite cohort study of US women living with HIV and demographically similar HIV-seronegative women.OutcomesCurrent cigarette smoking status and intensity were self-reported. We used cross-sectional and longitudinal logistic and Tobit regressions to assess associations of food security status and changes in food security status with smoking status and intensity.ResultsThe median age was 48. Most respondents were African-American/black (72%) and living with HIV (71%). Over half had annual incomes ≤US$12 000 (52%). Food insecurity (44%) and cigarette smoking (42%) were prevalent. In analyses adjusting for common sociodemographic characteristics, all categories of food insecurity were associated with greater odds of current smoking compared with food-secure women. Changes in food insecurity were also associated with increased odds of smoking. Any food insecurity was associated with higher smoking intensity.ConclusionsFood insecurity over time was associated with smoking in this cohort of predominantly low-income women of colour living with or at risk of HIV. Integrating alleviation of food insecurity into smoking cessation programmes may be an effective method to reduce the smoking prevalence and disproportionate lung cancer mortality rate particularly among PLHIV.

Assessment of knowledge and practice of vaccination of dogs against rabies by dog owners in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Audu Onyemocho ◽  
Agwa Moses ◽  
Aboh Kisani ◽  
Omole Namben Victoria ◽  
Anejo-Okopi Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Dog Owners ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: Rabies, one of the oldest and fatal infectious diseases known to human race, is transmitted by infected dogs. The global target of zero dog-mediated rabies human deaths has been set for 2030; however, the realization of this goal poses challenges in most low-income countries where rabies is endemic due to weak surveillance. Dogs have been increasingly deployed for domestic uses over the years, especially for security purposes. This study assessed the assessment of knowledge and practice of vaccination of dogs against rabies by dog owners. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional community-based study was employed to study 400 dog owners in Makurdi metropolis through multistage sampling techniques. Sighting of valid dog vaccination card was used as criteria for current vaccination. Bivariate analysis was carried out to establish the relationship between the respondent knowledge of rabies and dog vaccination with significant value set at P < 0.05. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 31 (Â ± 0.8) years, majority of them had tertiary and secondary education (40.0% and 39.0%, respectively), 26.0% were traders, and 50.0% were married. Overall, 73.0% of the respondents had good knowledge score, 61.0% had seen at least a rabid dog in their life time, and 74.0% have a history of dog vaccination, but evidence of up to date vaccination of dogs by owners was seen in only 18.0% of all the vaccination cards sighted. The relationship between the educational status of the respondents, their knowledge score, and their dog vaccination was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Knowledge of rabies among dog owners in Makurdi was good, but the practice of dog vaccination was poor. Educational status was a good predictor of practice. Awareness campaign on dog vaccination should be strengthened and adequate measures should be put in place at the veterinary hospitals in Makurdi for vaccination of dogs.

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