scholarly journals Current practice in the introduction of solid foods for preterm infants

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Cleary ◽  
Sayne MC Dalton ◽  
Alexandra Harman ◽  
Ian M Wright
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Solid Food ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Solid Foods ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Solid Food Introduction ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

AbstractObjective:The present study compared the age of first solid foods in a cohort of preterm infants with term infants and identified factors influencing timing of solid food introduction.Design:Structured interviews on infant feeding practices, growth and medical status at term equivalence and at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months corrected postnatal age. The age of solid food introduction was compared between term and preterm infants, and the influence of maternal, infant and milk feeding factors was assessed.Setting:This prospective longitudinal study recruited primary carers of preterm and term infants from a regional metropolitan referral hospital in eastern Australia.Participants:One hundred and fifty infants (preterm, n 85; term, n 65).Results:When corrected for prematurity, preterm infants received solid foods before the recommended age for the introduction of solid foods for term infants. Median introduction of solid foods for preterm infants was 14 weeks corrected age (range 12–17 weeks). This was significantly less than 19 weeks (range 17–21 weeks) for term infants (P < 0·001). Lower maternal education and male gender were associated with earlier introduction of solid foods among preterm infants.Conclusions:Preterm infants are introduced to solid foods earlier than recommended for term infants, taking account of their corrected age. Further research is needed to assess any risk or benefit associated with this pattern and thus to develop clear evidence-based feeding guidelines for preterm infants.

scholarly journals Infants’ First Solid Foods: Impact on Gut Microbiota Development in Two Intercontinental Cohorts

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2639
Author(s):  
Chiara-Maria Homann ◽  
Connor A. J. Rossel ◽  
Sara Dizzell ◽  
Liene Bervoets ◽  
Julia Simioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Solid Food ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Solid Foods ◽  
Solid Food Introduction ◽  
The Impact

The introduction of solid foods is an important dietary event during infancy that causes profound shifts in the gut microbial composition towards a more adult-like state. Infant gut bacterial dynamics, especially in relation to nutritional intake remain understudied. Over 2 weeks surrounding the time of solid food introduction, the day-to-day dynamics in the gut microbiomes of 24 healthy, full-term infants from the Baby, Food & Mi and LucKi-Gut cohort studies were investigated in relation to their dietary intake. Microbial richness (observed species) and diversity (Shannon index) increased over time and were positively associated with dietary diversity. Microbial community structure (Bray–Curtis dissimilarity) was determined predominantly by individual and age (days). The extent of change in community structure in the introductory period was negatively associated with daily dietary diversity. High daily dietary diversity stabilized the gut microbiome. Bifidobacterial taxa were positively associated, while taxa of the genus Veillonella, that may be the same species, were negatively associated with dietary diversity in both cohorts. This study furthers our understanding of the impact of solid food introduction on gut microbiome development in early life. Dietary diversity seems to have the greatest impact on the gut microbiome as solids are introduced.

scholarly journals “Right Ventricle Speckle Tracking in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: One Year Follow Up”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Clavero-Adell ◽  
Daniel Palanca-Arias ◽  
Marta López-Ramón ◽  
Lorenzo Jiménez-Montañés ◽  
Itziar Serrano-Viñuales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Strain And Strain Rate ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Purpose: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is still a main problem in preterm infants. The screening of secondary right ventricle (RV) failure concern neonatologist and pediatric cardiologists. Measurements of right ventricle deformation through speckle tracking analysis in echocardiography could help to early diagnosis.Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was carried out over 28 months at a tertiary care pediatric cardiology reference center. Under 32 weeks’ pre-term infants were eligible for the study. Twenty-eight days after birth, all enrolled patients were included in one group: no bronchopulmonary dysplasia (NO-BPD) or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). At 36 PMA, BPD patients were included in one group according to severity categorization (mild, moderate, severe). At three time points echocardiogram measurements were performed. Right ventricle strain was studied using speckle tracking analysis and it was compared with classical function parameters between groups and along time. Results: Fifty patients were enrolled in the study, 22 on NO-BPD group and 28 on BPD group (16 mild, 8 moderate, 4 severe). RV strain showed no statistical differences between groups. However, BDP group showed worse RV function than NO-BPD group, both in speckle tracking analysis and in classical parameters. During de follow-up, an improvement trend is shown in RV strain. Conclusions: RV longitudinal strain and strain rate derived by speckle tracking is feasible in preterm infants. Although it seems to be a good correlation between RV strain and BPD severity, authors cannot conclude it. More studies should be carried out to investigate the optimum echocardiographic screening model of RV dysfunction in BPD patients.

Parenting stress trajectories in mothers of very preterm infants to 2 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. F43-F48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H Gray ◽  
Dawn M Edwards ◽  
Kristen Gibbons
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Over Time

ObjectiveTo examine levels of parenting stress in mothers of preterm and term infants when the children were 2 years old; to determine the trajectory of stress over three time periods and to examine the association of maternal and neonatal factors and developmental outcomes with parenting stress.DesignIt is a prospective longitudinal study to determine parenting stress in mothers of preterm and term infants with outcomes having been previously obtained at 4 and 12 months. At 2 years, 79 preterm mothers (96 babies) and 64 term mothers (77 babies) participated. The mothers completed the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF), the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS) and the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL). The infants had a neurological examination and the Bayley-III scales were administered.ResultsThe mean total PSI-SF at 2 years was significantly higher for the preterm group compared with the term group of mothers (p=0.007). There was a significant increase in the mean total PSI over time for the preterm mothers (p<0.001). For mothers at 2 years, there was an association with high levels of parenting stress and abnormal scores on the DASS (p<0.001) and high total T-scores on the CBCL (internalising p<0.001; externalising p=0.006). There was no association between parenting stress and maternal demographics, neonatal factors or Bayley-III results.ConclusionsParenting stress in mothers of preterm infants continues to be high at 2 years having increased over time. Maternal mental health problems and infant behavioural issues contribute to the stress.

scholarly journals Introduction and feeding practices of solid food in preterm infants born in Salzburg!

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edda Hofstätter ◽  
Verena Köttstorfer ◽  
Patricia Stroicz ◽  
Sebastian Schütz ◽  
Lorenz Auer-Hackenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background It is shown that meeting the increased nutritional demand of preterm infants from birth is not only important for survival but essentially contributes to the infants` overall development and long-term health. While there are established guidelines for weaning term infants, evidence regarding preterm infants is scarce and less precise. The aim of this study was to identify the current practices on introducing solids to preterm infants amongst caregivers in Salzburg and determine potential reasons for early weaning. Methods Altogether 68 infants born between 24 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks were recruited and detailed structured interviews with the caregivers were conducted at 17 weeks corrected age. Weight, height and head circumference were collected. Results 52% of the study group received solids before the recommended 17 weeks corrected age. For this group the mean age being 13.77 ± 1.11 weeks corrected age. Premature introduction of solids significantly correlates with exclusively and early formula-feeding. 34% were weaned due to recommendation by their paediatrician. 23% of the preterm infants even received solids before 12 weeks corrected age, putting them at risks for developing obesity, celiac disease and diabetes. Conclusions This study shows the necessity for clear guidelines regarding the introduction of complementary feeding in preterm infants as well as the importance of their implementation. Caregivers should receive information on this topic early enough and they should fully understand the difference between chronological and corrected age.

scholarly journals Weaning and complementary feeding in preterm infants: management, timing and health outcome

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Barachetti ◽  
Elisabetta Villa ◽  
Mario Barbarini
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
European Society ◽  
Solid Food ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Pediatric Allergy ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Current Guidelines

The introduction of solid food is necessary for any infant in order to provide adequate nutrition because when they grow up milk is insufficient for their nutritional needs. Infants born preterm have increased nutritional requirements. The high nutrient demands as well as the organ immaturity of preterm infants combine to render it difficult to achieve dietary intakes that will allow preterm infants to match their in utero growth rates. Current guidelines for the introduction of solid food to term infants cannot be directly translated to preterm infants. For preterm infants such guidelines are lacking. Based on the limited available evidence, it could be concluded that a corrected age of 3 months (13 weeks) may be an appropriate age to start introducing solid food for most preterm infants. About celiac disease (CD), gluten may be introduced into the infant’s diet anytime between 4 and 12 completed months of age. In children at high risk for CD, earlier introduction of gluten (4 vs 6 months or 6 vs 12 months) is associated with earlier development of CD autoimmunity (defined as positive serology) and CD, but the cumulative incidence of each in later childhood is similar. Relatively to weaning and allergies, the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology and the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition have produced joint guidelines. They recommend exclusive breastfeeding for 4–6 months or use of hypoallergenic formulas if exclusive breastfeeding is not possible. In addition, The American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations now state that there is no evidence to recommend maternal dietary restrictions during pregnancy or breastfeeding. However, there is no evidence that delaying introduction of solids including allergenic foods after 4–6 months is protective.

Adverse Psychological Impact of Operative Obstetric Interventions: A Prospective Longitudinal Study

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 728-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Fisher ◽  
Jill Astbury ◽  
Anthony Smith
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Early Postpartum ◽  
Vaginal Deliveries ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Objective: This paper reports the findings of a prospective longitudinal study of 272 nulliparous pregnant women, which investigated as one of its objectives the psychological sequelae of obstetric procedures. Method: Participants completed structured interviews and standardised, published psychometric questionnaires, including the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the Profile of Mood States late in pregnancy and again early in the postpartum period. Results: Little evidence was found to support the notion that the total number of obstetric interventions was linked to a deterioration in postpartum mood. Significant adverse psychological effects were associated with the mode of delivery. Those women who had spontaneous vaginal deliveries were most likely to experience a marked improvement in mood and an elevation in self-esteem across the late pregnancy to early postpartum interval. In contrast, women who had Caesarean deliveries were significantly more likely to experience a deterioration in mood and a diminution in self-esteem. The group who experienced instrumental intervention in vaginal deliveries fell midway between the other two groups, reporting neither an improvement nor a deterioration in mood and self-esteem. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that operative intervention in first childbirth carries significant psychological risks rendering those who experience these procedures vulnerable to a grief reaction or to posttraumatic distress and depression.

scholarly journals Twin-twin transfusion syndrome: neurodevelopment of infants treated with laser surgery

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Campos ◽  
Amabile V. Arias ◽  
Thatiane M. Campos-Zanelli ◽  
Daniela S. Souza ◽  
Orlando G. dos Santos Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk Group ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Laser Coagulation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Fetoscopic Laser Coagulation ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the neurodevelopmental functions of survivors of twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) treated by fetoscopic laser coagulation (FLC), during the first year of life, comparing them to a control group; and to verify the influence of specific variables on neurodevelopment. Method This was a prospective, longitudinal study. The sample comprised 33 monochorionic diamniotic twins who underwent FLC for treatment of TTTS and 22 full-term infants of single-fetus pregnancies. Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development Screening Test were used for evaluation. Prenatal, perinatal and postnatal information were obtained. Results There was an increased frequency of infants in the TTTS group with inadequate performance compared to the control group. The identified variables (fetal donor, low economic income and cardiorespiratory disease) negatively impacted expressive communication and fine motor skills. Conclusion Although through follow-up is recommended in all TTTS survivors, particular attention is required for the high-risk group as defined in this study.

scholarly journals Introduction and Feeding Practices of Solid Food in Preterm Infants born in Salzburg!

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edda Hofstätter ◽  
Verena Köttstorfer ◽  
Patricia Stroicz ◽  
Sebastian Schütz ◽  
Lorenz Auer Hackenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background: It is shown that meeting the increased nutritional demand of preterm infants from birth is not only important for survival but essentially contributes to the infants` overall development and long-term health. While there are established guidelines for weaning term infants, evidence regarding preterm infants is scarce and less precise. The aim of this study was to identify the current practices on introducing solids to preterm infants amongst caregivers in Salzburg and determine potential reasons for early weaning.Methods: Altogether 68 infants born between 24 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks were recruited and detailed structured interviews with the caregivers were conducted at 17 weeks corrected age. Weight, height and head circumference were collected. Results: 52% of the study group received solids before the recommended 17 weeks corrected age. For this group the mean age being 13.77 ± 1.11 weeks corrected age. Premature introduction of solids significantly correlates with exclusively and early formula-feeding. 34% were weaned due to recommendation by their paediatrician. 23% of the preterm infants even received solids before 12 weeks corrected age, putting them at risks for developing obesity, celiac disease and diabetes. Conclusions: This study shows the necessity for clear guidelines regarding the introduction of complementary feeding in preterm infants as well as the importance of their implementation. Caregivers should receive information on this topic early enough and they should fully understand the difference between chronological and corrected age.

scholarly journals Low length/weight growth trajectories of early-term infants during the first year: evidence from a longitudinal study in China

BMJ Open ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e051436
Author(s):  
Kai Chen ◽  
Lulu Song ◽  
Bingqing Liu ◽  
Mingyang Wu ◽  
Yunyun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Growth Trajectories ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Term Birth ◽  
Early Term ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Bmi Trajectory

ObjectiveTo identify common length, weight and body mass index (BMI) growth trajectories of term infants during infancy, and to determine their association with early-term infants.DesignProspective longitudinal study.SettingWuhan, China.PatientsA total of 4308 term infants (born at 37–41 weeks of gestation) were included. All term infants were single live birth with no defects and birth weight ≥2500 g, and their mothers were permanent residents of Wuhan for more than 2 years. After excluding 887 infants, a total of 3421 term infants (1028 early-term infants born at 37–38 weeks of gestation and 2393 full-term infants born at 39–41 weeks of gestation) entered the statistical analysis stage.Main outcome measuresPatterns of length, weight and BMI growth trajectories by using group-based trajectory modelling.ResultsThree distinct physical growth trajectories were identified as follows: length: low stable (1056, 30.9%), moderate stable (1887, 55.2%) and high increasing (477, 13.9%); weight: low stable (1031, 30.1%), moderate stable (1884, 55.1%) and high increasing (505, 14.8%); BMI: low stable (689, 20.1%), moderate stable (2167, 63.4%) and high increasing (564, 16.5%). Compared with the full-term infants, early-term infants were more likely to remain at low-stable trajectory in length (OR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.19 to 1.66) and weight (OR:1.29; 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.53). These associations were still statistically significant after adjusting potential confounders and were more evident among girls in the stratified analysis. There was no statistical association between BMI trajectory patterns and gestational age categories.ConclusionOur results suggested the heterogeneity of term infants existed in length, weight and BMI growth trajectories of early childhood. Compared with full-term birth, early-term birth was related to low length and weight trajectories rather than BMI trajectory. Further research is needed to evaluate the duration of these low trajectories and their possible long-term health effects.

scholarly journals Introduction and Feeding Practices of Solid Food in Preterm Infants born in Salzburg

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edda Hofstätter ◽  
Verena Köttstorfer ◽  
Patricia Stroicz ◽  
Sebastian Schütz ◽  
Lorenz Auer Hackenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background: It is shown that meeting the increased nutritional demand of preterm infants from birth is not only important for survival but essentially contributes to the infants` overall development and long-term health. While there are established guidelines for weaning term infants, evidence regarding preterm infants is scarce and less precise. The aim of this study was to identify the current practices on introducing solids to preterm infants amongst caregivers in Salzburg and determine potential reasons for early weaning.Methods: Altogether 68 infants born between 24 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks were recruited and detailed structured interviews with the caregivers were conducted at 17 weeks corrected age. Weight, hight and head circumference were collected. Results: 52% of the study group received solids before the recommended 17 weeks corrected age. For this group the mean age being 13.77 ± 1.11 weeks corrected age. Premature introduction of solids significantly correlates with exclusively and early formula-feeding. 34% were weaned due to recommendation by their paediatrician. 23% of the preterm infants even received solids before 12 weeks corrected age, putting them at risks for developing obesity, celiac disease and diabetes. Conclusions: This study shows the necessity for clear guidelines regarding the introduction of complementary feeding in preterm infants as well as the importance of their implementation. Caregivers should receive information on this topic early enough and they should fully understand the difference between chronological and corrected age.

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