Assessment of salt tolerance and analysis of the salt tolerance gene Ncl in Indonesian soybean germplasm

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 265-271
Author(s):  
D. Cao ◽  
Y. L. Yan ◽  
D. H. Xu
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Soil Medium ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Tolerance Gene ◽  
Salt Tolerance Gene ◽  
Hydroponic Conditions

AbstractSoybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is one of the most important legume crops in the world. However, soybean grain yield is extensively affected by environmental stresses such as soil salinity. In this study, we evaluated the germplasm of 51 Indonesian soybean accessions for salt tolerance to identify salt-tolerant germplasms for possible use in breeding for soybean salt tolerance. Based on experiments under hydroponic conditions, adding 100 mM of NaCl to a 1/2 concentration of Hoagland and Arnon solution, several Indonesian soybean germplasms, such as Java 7, Seputih Raman, Tambora, Ringgit (JP 30217), Sinyonya (early) and Sinyonya (late) were identified as salt-tolerant in terms of salt tolerance rate (STR) and leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD value) taken with the Konica Minolta SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter. The selected salt-tolerant germplasms were further evaluated under soil medium cultivation in pots irrigated with 100 mM NaCl for around 5 weeks. The six selected soybean germplasms again showed higher salt tolerance in terms of SPAD, STR and shoot dry weight. Expression analysis of the salt tolerance gene Ncl revealed a significant positive correlation between Ncl expression and salt tolerance, suggesting that Ncl is essential for salt tolerance in the Indonesian soybean germplasms we tested. The salt-tolerant Indonesian soybean germplasms identified in this study could be used in local soybean breeding practices for the improvement of salt tolerance.

scholarly journals Detecting Salt Tolerance in Doubled Haploid Wheat Lines

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-Ashkar ◽  
Alderfasi ◽  
El-Hendawy ◽  
Al-Suhaibani ◽  
El-Kafafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Wheat Lines

Improving salt tolerance of genotypes requires a source of genetic variation and multiple accurate selection criteria for discriminating their salt tolerance. A combination of morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters and multivariate analysis was used to detect salt tolerance variation in 15 wheat lines developed by doubled haploid (DHL) technique. They were then compared with the salt-tolerant check cultivar Sakha 93. Salinity stress was investigated at three salinity levels (0, 100, and 200 mM NaCl) for 25 days. Considerable genetic variation was observed for all traits, as was high heritability (>60%) and genetic gain (>20%). Principal component analysis indicated the ability of nine traits (root number, root length, root dry weight, shoot length, shoot dry weight, specific root length, relative water content, membrane stability index, and catalase) to identify differences in salinity tolerance among lines. Three traits (shoot length, shoot dry weight, and catalase) were indicative of salt-tolerance, indicating their importance in improving and evaluating salt tolerant genotypes for breeding programs. The salinity tolerance membership index based on these three traits classified one new line (DHL21) and the check cultivar (Sakha 93) as highly salt-tolerant, DHL25, DHL26, DHL2, DHL11, and DHL5 as tolerant, and DHL23 and DHL12 as intermediate. Discriminant function analysis and MANOVA suggested differences among the five groups of tolerance. Among the donor genotypes, Sakha 93 remained the donor of choice for improving salinity tolerance during the seedling stage. The tolerated lines (DHL21, DHL25, DHL26, DHL2, DHL11, and DHL5) could be also recommended as useful and novel genetic resources for improving salinity tolerance of wheat in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Rice breeding on salt tolerance

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
P. I. Kostylev ◽  
E. B. Kudashkina ◽  
E. V. Krasnova ◽  
N. N. Vozhzhova
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Homozygous State ◽  
Tolerance Gene ◽  
Salt Tolerance Gene

Salt tolerance of rice is of great importance in agricultural production, since productivity of grain grown on saline lands largely depends on it. The paper deals with determining the presence of salt tolerance gene “Saltol” in rice hybrids obtained from crossing contrasting samples. To analyze salt tolerance, there were used seeds germinated in cups with distilled water and 1.5% NaCl solution, after which 10-day-old seedlings were weighed and their ratio to the control was determined. As a result of studies, there have been identified salt tolerant lines carrying the gene “Saltol” in a homozygous state. In the control nursery there were studied the best samples on productivity and elements of its structure. Two lines “7328” and “7322” were selected from the hybrid IR 52713-2B-8-2B-1-2 x Novator which significantly exceeded the standard variety “Yuzhanin” on 0.57-1.28 t/ha. On average for 2 years, they produced 6.82-7.53 t/ha (6.25 t/ha of the standard variety).

scholarly journals Using Principal Component Analysis and RNA-Seq to Identify Candidate Genes That Control Salt Tolerance in Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 691
Author(s):  
Xiangjun Zhou ◽  
Yanxia Dou ◽  
Xiaoxia Huang ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
Hongrui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Leaves And Roots

To examine physiological responses of garlic to salinity, 17-day-old seedlings of eight soft-neck accessions were treated with 200 mM NaCl for seven days in a hydroponic system. Several morphological and physiological traits were measured at the end of the treatment, including shoot height, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, photosynthesis rate, and concentrations of Na+ and K+ in leaves. The principal component analysis showed that shoot dry weight and K+/Na+ ratio contribute the most to salt tolerance among the garlic accessions. As a result, salt-tolerant and sensitive accessions were grouped based on these two parameters. Furthermore, to investigate the molecular mechanisms in garlic in response to salinity, the transcriptomes of leaves and roots between salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive garlic accessions were compared. Approximately 1.5 billion read pairs were obtained from 24 libraries generated from the leaves and roots of the salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive garlic accessions. A total of 47,509 genes were identified by mapping the cleaned reads to the garlic reference genome. Statistical analysis indicated that 1282 and 1068 genes were upregulated solely in the tolerant leaves and roots, whereas 1505 and 1203 genes were downregulated exclusively in the tolerant leaves and roots after NaCl treatment, respectively. Functional categorization of these genes revealed their involvement in a variety of biological processes. Several genes important for carotenoid biosynthesis, auxin signaling, and K+ transport were strongly altered in roots by NaCl treatment and could be candidate genes for garlic salt tolerance improvement.

scholarly journals Growth, Fruit Yield, and Ion Concentration in Tomato Genotypes after Pre- and Post-emergence Salt Treatments

1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Bolarín ◽  
F. Pérez-Alfocea ◽  
E.A. Cano ◽  
M.T. Estañ ◽  
M. Caro
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Advanced Stages

The effects of increasing salinity on dry weight and ion concentration of shoots at various growth stages and on fruit yield in four tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) genotypes were assessed. The salt treatments (35, 70, and 140 mm NaCl) were applied pre-emergence (seed sowing) (pre-E) and post-emergence (four-leaf stage) (post-E) and maintained during plant growth. Genotype salt tolerance, measured as shoot dry weight in response to increases in salt concentration, varied depending on plant growth stage and salt application time. When salt was applied pre-E, salt tolerance increased with plant age, whereas when applied post-E, 45-day-old plants were the most salt tolerant. Mature plants were similarly salt tolerant independent of the growth stage at which the salt treatments began. However, fruit yield of all genotypes was higher when salt was applied pre-E than post-E. Shoot dry weight decreased as shoot Cl and Na ion concentrations increased. During early growth stages, pre-E salt-treated plants had the highest Cl-and Na+ concentrations and the lowest shoot dry weights. However, at the advanced stages, shoot Cl- and Na Concentrations were equal for both salt application times. These results show that the plants must adapt to salinity during a period that allows them to develop a mechanism to regulate internal Cl- and Na+ concentrations and, thus, grow under high salinity.

scholarly journals Identification of a novel salt tolerance gene in wild soybean by whole-genome sequencing

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinpeng Qi ◽  
Man-Wah Li ◽  
Min Xie ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Meng Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Wild Soybean ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Tolerance Gene ◽  
Salt Tolerance Gene

scholarly journals Enhanced salt tolerance of transgenic tobacco expressing a wheat salt tolerance gene

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 727-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa KAVAS ◽  
Mehmet Cengiz BALOĞLU ◽  
Ayşe Meral YÜCEL ◽  
Hüseyin Avni ÖKTEM
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Tolerance Gene ◽  
Salt Tolerance Gene

scholarly journals In Silico Design of PCR Primers to Amplify the Salt Tolerance Gene in Soybean

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florentina Kusmiyati ◽  
Sutarno Sutarno ◽  
Bagus Herwibawa
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Significant Similarity ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Conserved Region ◽  
Tolerance Gene ◽  
Salt Tolerance Gene ◽  
Primer Sequence

Soybean yield is decreased because of many stresses such as salt stress. Ionic and osmotic stresses are the effects of salt stress. An effective way of maintaining sustainable production in salt-affected soil is through breeding high salt tolerance soybean, which can be detected by PCR. The optimal PCR plays an important role in gene expression analysis. The success of a PCR-based method largely depends on the optimal primer sequence analysis in silico prior to a wet-bench experiment. Here we described designing of primer using web-based tools. Many types of online primer design software are available, which can be used free of charge to design desirable primers. The objective was to design of PCR primers to amplify the salt tolerance gene in soybean. A highly conserved region of 411 bases was detected by Clustal Omega. Primers were predicted using Primer3 based on conserved region, considering ideal conditions for primer length, hairpin, dimer, Tm, and GC%. The predicted forward and reverse primers were validated using NetPrimer. Both forward and reverse primers have shown significant similarity with salt tolerance gene and recommended to be used to amplify the salt tolerance gene in soybean.

scholarly journals Salt Tolerance of Sego SupremeTM Plants

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 2056-2062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmita Paudel ◽  
Ji Jhong Chen ◽  
Youping Sun ◽  
Yuxiang Wang ◽  
Richard Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Salt Damage ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Elevated Salinity ◽  
Foliar Damage

Sego SupremeTM is a designated plant breeding and introduction program at the Utah State University Botanical Center and the Center for Water Efficient Landscaping. This plant selection program introduces native and adapted plants to the arid West for aesthetic landscaping and water conservation. The plants are evaluated for characteristics such as color, flowering, ease of propagation, market demand, disease/pest resistance, and drought tolerance. However, salt tolerance has not been considered during the evaluation processes. Four Sego SupremeTM plants [Aquilegia barnebyi (oil shale columbine), Clematis fruticosa (Mongolian gold clematis), Epilobium septentrionale (northern willowherb), and Tetraneuris acaulis var. arizonica (Arizona four-nerve daisy)] were evaluated for salt tolerance in a greenhouse. Uniform plants were irrigated weekly with a nutrient solution at an electrical conductivity (EC) of 1.25 dS·m−1 as control or a saline solution at an EC of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, or 10.0 dS·m−1 for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks of irrigation, A. barnebyi irrigated with saline solution at an EC of 5.0 dS·m−1 had slight foliar salt damage with an average visual score of 3.7 (0 = dead; 5 = excellent), and more than 50% of the plants were dead when irrigated with saline solutions at an EC of 7.5 and 10.0 dS·m−1. However, C. fruticosa, E. septentrionale, and T. acaulis had no or minimal foliar salt damage with visual scores of 4.2, 4.1, and 4.3, respectively, when irrigated with saline solution at an EC of 10.0 dS·m−1. As the salinity levels of treatment solutions increased, plant height, leaf area, and shoot dry weight of C. fruticosa and T. acaulis decreased linearly; plant height of A. barnebyi and E. septentrionale also declined linearly, but their leaf area and shoot dry weight decreased quadratically. Compared with the control, the shoot dry weights of A. barnebyi, C. fruticosa, E. septentrionale, and T. acaulis decreased by 71.3%, 56.3%, 69.7%, and 48.1%, respectively, when irrigated with saline solution at an EC of 10.0 dS·m−1. Aquilegia barnebyi and C. fruticosa did not bloom during the experiment at all treatments. Elevated salinity reduced the number of flowers in E. septentrionale and T. acaulis. Elevated salinity also reduced the number of shoots in all four species. Among the four species, sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl–) concentration increased the most in A. barnebyi by 53 and 48 times, respectively, when irrigated with saline solution at an EC of 10.0 dS·m−1. In this study, C. fruticosa and T. acaulis had minimal foliar salt damage and less reduction in shoot dry weight, indicating that they are more tolerant to salinity. Epilobium septentrionale was moderately tolerant to saline solution irrigation with less foliar damage, although it had more reduction in shoot dry weight. On the other hand, A. barnebyi was the least tolerant with severe foliar damage, more reduction in shoot dry weight, and a greater concentration of Na+ and Cl–.

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