Effect of biofertilizers and diatomaceous earth on life and movement of subterranean termites under laboratory conditions

AbstractThe presence of biofertilizers can affect the life and movement of subterranean organisms in the soil. In the current study, the effect of three biofertilizers (Unigrow, Rhizogold and Rhizogold Plus) alone and in combination with diatomaceous earth (DE) and insecticides on mortality and movement of subterranean termites, Coptotermes heimi (Wasmann), was investigated under laboratory conditions. The mortality of termites in soil mixed with biofertilizers was low as compared to the control treatment, which led to significant mortality. Length of galleries formed by termites with the addition of Unigrow in the soil was significantly higher as compared to the other two biofertilizers and control treatments. Mortality increased in the presence of insecticides and DE in the soil substrate. Unigrow mixed soil having chlorfenapyr had maximum mortality and minimum gallery length followed by Rhizogold and Rhizogold Plus. The addition of DE and insecticide further enhances mortality, and we recommend that some toxic elements should be incorporated in biofertilizers to control subterranean termites.

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Phytoremediation as a Prospective Method for Rehabilitation of Areas Contaminated by Long-Term Sewage Sludge Storage: The Greek Experience

Linnaeus Eco-Tech ◽

10.15626/eco-tech.2010.090 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 836-853

Author(s):

N. Suchkova ◽

E. Darakas ◽

J. Ganoulis ◽

Y. Vergeles

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Plant Species ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

The Other ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Series Of Experiments ◽

And Control ◽

Control Samples

In this work the suitability of several plant species for phytoremediation under natural and artificially installed conditions was studied. Brassica napus, Medicago sativa, Zea mays, Triticum aestivum, and Hordeum vulgare were grown in pots with sewage sludge from Sindos Main WWTP in Thessaloniki and from Sindos Industrial WWTP in Thessaloniki, Greece. The first series of experiments included comparing measurements of various parameters for the above mentioned plants and the sludge to those for control samples (the same plants growing in compost). It was shown that shoot growth was less reduced in T. aestivum and H. vulgare than in the other plant species studied. B. napus had lower germination tax, followed by M. sativa with the lowest germination tax. Generally B. napus, giving less biomass production than Z. mays and T. aestivum, is characterised by a higher ability to accumulate heavy metals like Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cr, As and Hg. The second series of experiments included comparing measurements of various parameters of B. napus grown in sludge and treated each 7 days with metal solutions of Ni, Zn and Pb containing 10-2mg/l, 10-4mg/l, 10-6mg/l of each metal, to those for control plants treated with double distilled water. Results showed that shoot growth of B. napus were increased at treatments with lower concentrations of metals (10-6 mg/l) and control (treatment with d-distilled water). At the same time uptake of metal ions was increased with the concentration of the solution, i.e. at higher concentrations (10-2 mg/l). It is truly for Pb and Zn, transfer coefficient TC of which (indicates a plant’s potential to concentrate a metal) was quite high 15 % and 7 % correspondingly. It was noticed that B. napus has high ability to accumulate Cr, from the other hand it did not accumulate Ni (at present case).

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Establishment and control of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) with inert dusts in stored canola

Entomological Communications ◽

10.37486/2675-1305.ec02001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. ec02001

Author(s):

Paulo S. G. Cremonez ◽

Lucas A. de A. Moraes ◽

Gisele S. de Aquino ◽

Renato R. Machado ◽

Rafael Hayashida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tribolium Castaneum ◽

Diatomaceous Earth ◽

Basaltic Rock ◽

Adult Mortality ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Initial Exposure ◽

Rock Powder ◽

Whole Wheat ◽

Inert Dusts ◽

And Control

Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797) is know as one of main pests of stored canola seeds worldwide, however, the cases of infestation in Brazil are still not reported. Due to its potential pest status allied to the increasing production of canola in Brazil, this work aims to evaluate the establishment of T. castaneum in canola stored seeds, as well as the effects of diferent inert dusts to its control. For stablishment determination, three substrates were tested: wheat bran (control); whole wheat seeds; and whole canola seeds. The insects remained in the substrates for 14 days, when mortality was counted, and then for aditional seven days before get removed, for progeny assessment at 66 days after initial exposure. For the insecticide potential of inert dusts, four treatments were tested in canola seeds as substrate: diatomaceous earth; basaltic rock powder; vegetable charcoal powder; and untreated canola seeds as control treatment. The beetles were exposed to the treated substrate and cumulated mortality was counted each two days for 15 days. Lower adult mortality and higher progeny in canola seeds indicates that these substrate is a potential host for T. castaneum. Diatomaceous earth and vegetable charcoal powder reduced the survival of adult beetles in canola in more than 60% at the end of the evaluation period. The T. castaneum adults and its offspring develops well in stored canola seeds. Additionally, the use of inert dusts, mainly diatomaceous earth and vegetable charcoal powder presents promising results of control of the beetle in stored canola seeds.

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Selectivity of Entomopathogenic Fungi to Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects11100716 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 716 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pamella Mingotti Dias ◽

Elisângela de Souza Loureiro ◽

Luis Gustavo Amorim Pessoa ◽

Gabriel Luiz Reis Devoz ◽

Gilson Bárbaro Barbosa Junior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽

Larval Mortality ◽

Direct Application ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Sustainable Pest Management ◽

Spray Tower ◽

Metarhizium Rileyi ◽

And Control ◽

Dry Film ◽

Significant Mortality

We aimed to evaluate the selectivity of entomopathogenic fungi to larvae of Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). For this purpose, Beauveria bassiana (strain ESALQ PL63), Metarhizium anisopliae (strain ESALQ E9) and Metarhizium rileyi (strain UFMS 03) were assessed at different concentrations (1 × 107, 1 × 108 and 1 × 109 conidia mL−1). The control treatment consisted of distilled water and Tween80 0.01. The treatments were applied with a Potter spray tower using two different methodologies: direct application (DA) and dry film (DF). Up to 96 h after application, no treatment provided a larval mortality above 3%. After 120 h, only B. bassiana induced significant mortality in all instars, with rates of 26%, 17% and 10% for first, second and third instar larval periods, respectively. There was no difference regarding to the application method or concentration of conidia. The percentage of individuals that revealed changes in the length of the larval and pupal periods varied among different treatments with entomopathogenic fungi and control treatments, application methodologies and concentrations. Despite B. bassiana revealing a higher mortality than M. anisopliae and M. rileyi on larvae of C. externa, these three entomopathogenic fungi may be used in association with C. externa for sustainable pest management.

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Effect of Gamma Radiation on Morpho-Physiological Characters of Soybean

Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources ◽

10.3329/jesnr.v7i2.22199 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 25-30

Author(s):

S Sarker ◽

MS Rahman ◽

MR Islam ◽

S Hasna ◽

MS Islam

Keyword(s):

Gamma Radiation ◽

Gamma Irradiation ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Gamma Ray ◽

The Other ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Branch Plant ◽

Four Levels ◽

And Control ◽

Physiological Characters

An experiment was carried out at the experimental farm of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh during the period from January, 2011 to April, 2011. The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of gamma radiation on morpho-physiological characters of BARI soybean. Four levels of gamma irradiation viz. 200, 300, 400 and 500 Gy ?-ray from 60C source and control were irradiated on assigned two genotypes viz. BARI soybean 5 and BARI soybean 6. Data for growth analyses were collected at different days after sowing. Results revealed that the soybean varieties and gamma irradiation significantly affected morpho-physiological characters where BARI soybean 5 and 200 Gy ?-ray levels produced the greater results alone or combinations. This combination produced the tallest plant (37.42 cm), maximum leaf and branch plant-1 (23.15 and 2.10) at 75 DAS. 200 Gy ?-ray irradiated plants of BARI soybean 5 produced the highest seed yield (2373.70 kg ha-1) followed by control treatment (1887.90 kg ha-1) at the same variety. On the other hand, the plants consequential from 500 Gy ?-ray radiated of BARI soybean 5 had shown the lowest seed yield (1050.70 kg ha-1). This result indicating that irradiation significantly decreased on seed yield with increasing doses of gamma rays. So, the variety BARI soybean 5 and 200 Gy ?-ray alone or combination had outstanding superiority for plant growth over the other gamma ray levels.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v7i2.22199 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 7(2): 25-30 2014

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Effect of Massage on the Efficacy of the Mental and Incisive Nerve Block

Anesthesia Progress ◽

10.2344/12-00024.1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 15-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A. Jaber ◽

J. M. Whitworth ◽

I. P. Corbett ◽

B. Al-Baqshi ◽

S. Jauhar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Nerve Block ◽

The Other ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Paired Samples ◽

Mcnemar Test ◽

And Control ◽

Pulpal Anesthesia ◽

Mandibular First Molar ◽

Treatment Order

Abstract The purpose of this trial was to assess the effect of soft tissue massage on the efficacy of the mental and incisive nerve block (MINB). Thirty-eight volunteers received MINB of 2.2 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1 : 80,000 epinephrine on 2 occasions. At one visit the soft tissue overlying the injection site was massaged for 60 seconds (active treatment). At the other visit the crowns of the mandibular premolar teeth were massaged (control treatment). Order of treatments was randomized. An electronic pulp tester was used to measure pulpal anesthesia in the ipsilateral mandibular first molar, a premolar, and lateral incisor teeth up to 45 minutes following the injection. The efficacy of pulp anesthesia was determined by 2 methods: (a) by quantifying the number of episodes with no response to maximal electronic pulp stimulation after each treatment, and (b) by quantifying the number of volunteers with no response to maximal pulp stimulation (80 reading) on 2 or more consecutive tests, termed anesthetic success. Data were analyzed by McNemar, Mann-Whitney, and paired-samples t tests. Anesthetic success was 52.6% for active and 42.1% for control treatment for lateral incisors, 89.5 and 86.8% respectively for premolars, and 50.0 and 42.1% respectively for first molars (P = .344, 1.0, and .508 respectively). There were no significant differences in the number of episodes of negative response to maximum pulp tester stimulation between active and control massage. A total of 131 episodes were recorded after both active and control massage in lateral incisors (McNemar test, P = 1.0), 329 (active) versus 316 (control) episodes in the premolars (McNemar test, P = .344), and 119 (active) versus 109 (control) episodes respectively for first molars (McNemar test, P = .444). Speed of anesthetic onset and discomfort did not differ between treatments. We concluded that soft tissue massage after MINB does not influence anesthetic efficacy.

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Germinated kamut wheat (Triticum turgidum), quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) and mung bean (Vigna radiata). An alternative for the feeding of colonies of ants Atta cephalotes under laboratory conditions.

Respuestas ◽

10.22463/0122820x.1739 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 62-74

Author(s):

Johana Ramírez Olier ◽

Margarita María Jaramillo Ciro ◽

Beatriz González Agudelo ◽

Liliana Rocío Botero Botero

Keyword(s):

Vigna Radiata ◽

Mung Bean ◽

Triticum Turgidum ◽

Chenopodium Quinoa ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Limiting Factor ◽

Atta Cephalotes ◽

Laboratory Conditions ◽

Mango Leaves ◽

And Control

The establishment of colonies of Atta cephalotes cutter ants under laboratory conditions has been proposed for the study and development of plague control products. However, few laboratories in Colombia have colonies of Atta cephalotes cutter ants, with food being a limiting factor given their sensitivity, selectivity and voracity. In this study, the use of wheat germinated kamut (Triticum turgidum), quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) and mung bean (Vigna radiata) as an alternative for the feeding of colonies under laboratory conditions y mango leaves like control, using mini-colonies was evaluated. In the study, mung bean sprouts and kamut wheat were preferred (100% load, 24 hours), compared to quinoa (89 ± 10% load, 24 hours). The determination of the effect of the sprouts on the growth rate of the mini-colonies was evaluated during 8 weeks, showing that the germinated kamut wheat and control treatment generated the best growth rates of fungus in the exponential phase (3.19 and 3.73 g / week respectively) compared with mung beans and quinoa (1 g / wk), supporting the potential of kamut wheat for the maintenance of colonies under laboratory conditions.

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Prothrombin Time Standardization: Report of the Expert Panel on Oral Anticoagulant Control

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1657004 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 42 (04) ◽

pp. 1073-1114 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Keyword(s):

Prothrombin Time ◽

Expert Panel ◽

The Other ◽

Rabbit Brain ◽

Calibration Constant ◽

Freeze Dried ◽

The Mean ◽

Point Of Intersection ◽

And Control ◽

Standardization Report

SummaryIn collaborative experiments in 199 laboratories, nine commercial thromboplastins, four thromboplastins held by the National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBS & C), London and the British Comparative Thromboplastin were tested on fresh normal and coumarin plasmas, and on three series of freeze-dried plasmas. One of these was made from coumarin plasmas and the other two were prepared from normal plasmas; in each series, one plasma was normal and the other two represented different degrees of coumarin defect.Each thromboplastin was calibrated against NIBS&C rabbit brain 70/178, from the slope of the line joining the origin to the point of intersection of the mean ratios of coumarin/normal prothrombin times when the ratios obtained with the two thromboplastins on the same fresh plasmas were plotted against each other. From previous evidence, the slopes were calculated which would have been obtained against the NIBS&C “research standard” thromboplastin 67/40, and termed the “calibration constant” of each thromboplastin. Values obtained from the freeze-dried coumarin plasmas gave generally similar results to those from fresh plasmas for all thromboplastins, whereas values from the artificial plasmas agreed with those from fresh plasmas only when similar thromboplastins were being compared.Taking into account the slopes of the calibration lines and the variation between laboratories, precision in obtaining a patient’s prothrombin time was similar for all thromboplastins.

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Dry chip feedrate control using online chip moisture

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj17.05.295 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (05) ◽

pp. 295-305

Author(s):

Wesley Gilbert ◽

Ivan Trush ◽

Bruce Allison ◽

Randy Reimer ◽

Howard Mason

Keyword(s):

Production Rate ◽

Control Strategy ◽

Rate Control ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Dry Mass ◽

The Other ◽

Process Variability ◽

Moisture Sensor ◽

Feedback Control Strategy ◽

And Control

Normal practice in continuous digester operation is to set the production rate through the chip meter speed. This speed is seldom, if ever, adjusted except to change production, and most of the other digester inputs are ratioed to it. The inherent assumption is that constant chip meter speed equates to constant dry mass flow of chips. This is seldom, if ever, true. As a result, the actual production rate, effective alkali (EA)-to-wood and liquor-to-wood ratios may vary substantially from assumed values. This increases process variability and decreases profits. In this report, a new continuous digester production rate control strategy is developed that addresses this shortcoming. A new noncontacting near infrared–based chip moisture sensor is combined with the existing weightometer signal to estimate the actual dry chip mass feedrate entering the digester. The estimated feedrate is then used to implement a novel feedback control strategy that adjusts the chip meter speed to maintain the dry chip feedrate at the target value. The report details the results of applying the new measurements and control strategy to a dual vessel continuous digester.

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From Container to Claustrum: Projective Identification in Couples

Couple and Family Psychoanalysis ◽

10.33212/cfp.v4n2.2014.136 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tamara Feldman

Keyword(s):

Psychological Health ◽

Projective Identification ◽

The Self ◽

The Other ◽

Intimate Partners ◽

And Control ◽

The Relationship ◽

As If

This paper is a contribution to the growing literature on the role of projective identification in understanding couples' dynamics. Projective identification as a defence is well suited to couples, as intimate partners provide an ideal location to deposit unwanted parts of the self. This paper illustrates how projective identification functions differently depending on the psychological health of the couple. It elucidates how healthier couples use projective identification more as a form of communication, whereas disturbed couples are inclined to employ it to invade and control the other, as captured by Meltzer's concept of "intrusive identification". These different uses of projective identification affect couples' capacities to provide what Bion called "containment". In disturbed couples, partners serve as what Meltzer termed "claustrums" whereby projections are not contained, but imprisoned or entombed in the other. Applying the concept of claustrum helps illuminate common feelings these couples express, such as feeling suffocated, stifled, trapped, held hostage, or feeling as if the relationship is killing them. Finally, this paper presents treatment challenges in working with more disturbed couples.

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Joint Action on cancer iPAAC - building on experience and streamlining recommendations for the future

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1429 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

M Jelenc ◽

T Albreht

Keyword(s):

Cancer Care ◽

National Level ◽

Cancer Control ◽

Professional Community ◽

The Other ◽

Consensus Building ◽

Good Practices ◽

Policy Initiatives ◽

European Code ◽

And Control

Abstract Background Policy initiatives, proposals and projects often end up proposing solutions and/or measures that are eventually either not or only partially implemented or they are lacking a system, which would consistently evaluate their implementation and/or impact. Good solutions are often not visible enough to the broader professional community and it is important to identify certain outstanding challenges in cancer control and policy. Driven by the need to better use the outputs from projects on cancer policy, European Commission was trying to address two challenges - one was in solving the problems with the implementation and use of the solutions that have already been proposed and the other one in identifying the outstanding challenges in cancer policy. Results We have decided to follow the structure to develop a series of recommendations and examples of good practices at the national level by selected areas. These would be streamlined into a roadmap to support policymakers at the national and EU level in formulating their cancer policies. Three pairs of targeted recommendations have been identified: Cancer prevention, including health promotion, implementation of the European Code Against Cancer and the reshaping and extension of cancer registriesGenomics and immunotherapy in cancerChallenges in cancer care and governance of cancer control Conclusions Multinational collaboration can bring about important consensual solutions, which build on the existing good practices in the countries. This can be combined well with the existing work on specific areas, carried out both internationally and nationally. Consensus building on jointly defined challenges represents a task that appears to be resolved rather pragmatically. Key message It is important that advance in cancer care and control are quickly analysed and that policymakers receive up-to-date recommendations to improve their policies on cancer control.

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