Discovering periodic sublimation on main-belt primitive asteroids near perihelion and its possible astrobiological significance

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (S345) ◽  
pp. 388-389
Author(s):  
Vladimir V. Busarev
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Evolution ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Early Solar System ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Main Belt ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Water Ice ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Complex Organic

AbstractDiscovered periodic sublimation activity on four main-belt primitive asteroids led us to conclusions about possible origin of those and similar bodies (or their parent bodies) near or beyond the snow line in the early Solar System making incorporated in them a considerable water ice stock. Water differentiation of the bodies owing to 26A1 decay and their internal thermal evolution might have created conditions for water soluble organics and prebiotic compounds formation. Subsequent longtime periodic changing temperature and other physico-chemical parameters (due to spinning and moving around the Sun) in the near-surface layers of primitive asteroids have led probably to formation of more complex organic compounds of astrobiological significance.

scholarly journals Diurnal vertical migration of some cladocerans in relation to the physico-chemical factors in a fish pond

1970 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
AS Bhuiyan ◽  
S Akhter ◽  
MMA Quddus
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Vertical Migration ◽  
Fish Pond ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Diurnal Vertical Migration ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Diurnal Movement ◽  
The Relationship

Diurnal vertical migration of four genera of cladocerans, namely Diaphanosoma sp., Daphnia sp., Moina sp. and Bosmina sp., during March to December, 2007 showed that the number of Diaphanosoma sp. was 501 units/1 in the surface layers, 172 units/l in the middle layers and 190 units/l in the bottom layers. The yearly number of Daphnia sp. in surface, middle and bottom layerss was 362 units/l, 46 units/l and 189 units/l respectively. In surface, bottom and middle layers, the number of Moina sp. was 159, 71 and 32 units/l, respectively. Bosmina sp. was 78 units/l in surface, 31 units/l in the middle and 33 units/l in the bottom layers. The number of Diaphanosoma sp., Daphnia sp., Moina sp., Bosmina sp., were 455, 149, 259 and 358 units/l, respectively in the morning, 63, 176, 142, 43 units/l at noon and 107, 55, 28, 59 units/l, respectively in the evening. Throughout the study period the cladocerans were always abundant near the surface during morning and evening. Among the factors responsible for the diurnal movement of cadoceran, light played the most important factor. The relationship between the physico-chemical factors and the cladoceran occurrence in the pond was also explored. Key words: Cladocera; Diurnal migration; Physico-chemical parameters; Fish pond DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v20i2.8975 DUJBS 2011; 20(2): 147-154

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF DIFFERENT SHODHIT GUGGUL

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
Mayuree A. Patel ◽  
Sanjeev R Acharya ◽  
Carol P. Macwan ◽  
Tejas B. Patel ◽  
B. N. Suhagia
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Analytical Results ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Standard Value ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Physicochemical Data

Objective: The present study was aimed to identify the physicochemical data of shodhit guggul. Guggul is a gum-resin exudate from the plant Commiphora weightii (Arn.) Bhandari, belonging to Burseraceae family. In Ayurveda, guggul is always purified. This purification is known as Shodhan. Shodhan is a process by which guggul is made non-toxic, effective, suitable and fit for therapeutic purposes.Methods: The seven different shodhan dravya were used to prepare shodhit guggul. They were evaluated by performing physicochemical parameters including five different extractive value; total ash, acid insoluble, water soluble and sulphated ash value; pH, and loss on drying.Results: Analytical results of raw guggul showed total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash and sulphated ash value to 5.36±0.04%, 0.96±0.03%, 4.51±0.03 % and 8.40±0.04% respectively. These all values of each shodhit guggul were different. The extractive value of raw guggul was comparable with standard value while the extractive value of each shodhit guggul was totally different. The pH value of 1% w/v and 10% w/v aqueous solution of raw guggul was 6.44±0.18 though pH of each shodhit guggul was changed. The loss on drying of raw guggul was found to be 1.88±0.02%w/v, however, this value was different for each shodhit guggul.Conclusion: The present study revealed that the different shodhan process with specific shodhan dravya affects the physicochemical parameters. The analysis and comparison of the data showed the difference in the properties of seven shodhit guggul with respect to raw Guggul.

EUV-induced physico-chemical changes in near-surface layers of polymers

2011 ◽  
Vol 184 (3-6) ◽  
pp. 270-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bartnik ◽  
H. Fiedorowicz ◽  
R. Jarocki ◽  
J. Kostecki ◽  
M. Szczurek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layers ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Physico Chemical

scholarly journals Pharmacognostical and Pharmaceutical analysis of Gandhakadi yoga vati

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalawana OTMRKSB ◽  
Harisha C R ◽  
Patel K S ◽  
Kori V K ◽  
Rajagopala S
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Pharmaceutical Analysis ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
A Current

Ayurveda is one of the oldest medical systems having its own strong scientific concepts. Most herbal, Animal and mineral products are used to make Ayurvedic formulations and ancient Ayurvedic Aachaaryas have mentioned various methods to quality control and to standardization those formulations. And also it has been developed different techniques to evaluate the quality of medicines by modern science. So there is a current need of analyze Ayurvedic products also according to modern scientific pharmaceutical and pharmacognostical parameters for the global acceptance of Ayurveda. Hence the present study was carried out to pharmacognosticaly analyze the ingredients and finished product of Gandhakadi Yoga Vati and to analyze the Physico-chemical parameters of the same. Gandhakadi Yoga Vati is an Ayurvedic formulation used as an adjuvant in the management of Thalassemia Major. Pharmacognostical characteristics of Gandhakadi Yoga Vati  under the microscope showed that oil globules, stone cells & oleoresin contents, of Vidanga (Embelia robusta Burm.f.), fibers and oil globules of Agastya Pathra (S. grandiflora Linn.), warty trichome with base of Bhringaraja (E.alba L.) and crystaline depositions of Gandhaka. In the pharmaceutical study, it was observed that Loss on drying was 3.5 %w/w, pH was 6.5, Alcohol soluble extractive was 8.9 % w/w and water soluble extractive was 5.5 % w/w.  HPTLC study showed 06 peaks at 254 nm and 03 peaks at 366 nm wave lengths.

scholarly journals Preliminary pharmaceutico-analytical study of Mukhadooshikaharalepa Churna

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 538-543
Author(s):  
Ambika S ◽  
Gazala Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparation ◽  
Retention Factor ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Simple Preparation ◽  
Physico Chemical

Introduction: Lepa is a bahirparimarjana chikitsa that helps in bringing samyata in sthanika dosha and dhatu. Many lepa are mentioned in Ayurveda pharmaceutics for the treatment of mukhadooshika. Among it, one is a combination of Lodhra, Kustumburu, Vacha, Vatapallava, and Narikelashuktya. Mukhadooshika is a type of kshudraroga, featuring the formation of pidaka on face. The symptoms of mukhadooshika resembles with acne vulgaris. Aim: An attempt is made to analyze the physico-chemical parameters of the mukhadooshikahara lepa churna. Materials and methods: The pharmaceutical preparation is easy and simple with easily available ingredients. The organoleptic characters like appearance, odour, taste and physico-chemical parameters like pH, total ash. Water Soluble ash, Alcohol soluble extractives, Water soluble extractives, loss on drying and HPTLC were carried out. Observations and results: The obtained results were discussed in the present paper. Discussion and conclusion: Mukhadooshikahara lepa churna is a simple preparation and can be prepared by easily available drugs. HPTLC fingerprinting at different wavelengths was carried out. At 254 nm, 366nm and 620nm 11, 8 and 10 peaks were found with different retention factor starting from 0.02 to 0.80, 0.03 to 0.096 and 0.07 to 0.80respectively. The analytical study findings can be taken as a preliminary standard for mukhadooshikahara lepa churna.

scholarly journals Thermal evolution of Andean iron oxide–apatite (IOA) deposits as revealed by magnetite thermometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisella Palma ◽  
Martin Reich ◽  
Fernando Barra ◽  
J. Tomás Ovalle ◽  
Irene del Real ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Thermal Evolution ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Geological Models ◽  
Chilean Altiplano ◽  
Geochemical Studies ◽  
Modern Technologies ◽  
Magnetite Formation

AbstractMagnetite is the main constituent of iron oxide–apatite (IOA) deposits, which are a globally important source of Fe and other elements such as P and REE, critical for modern technologies. Geochemical studies of magnetite from IOA deposits have provided key insights into the ore-forming processes and source of mineralizing fluids. However, to date, only qualitative estimations have been obtained for one of the key controlling physico-chemical parameters, i.e., the temperature of magnetite formation. Here we reconstruct the thermal evolution of Andean IOA deposits by using magnetite thermometry. Our study comprised a > 3000 point geochemical dataset of magnetite from several IOA deposits within the Early Cretaceous Chilean Iron Belt, as well as from the Pliocene El Laco IOA deposit in the Chilean Altiplano. Thermometry data reveal that the deposits formed under a wide range of temperatures, from purely magmatic (~ 1000 to 800 °C), to late magmatic or magmatic-hydrothermal (~ 800 to 600 °C), to purely hydrothermal (< 600 °C) conditions. Magnetite cooling trends are consistent with genetic models invoking a combined igneous and magmatic-hydrothermal origin that involve Fe-rich fluids sourced from intermediate silicate magmas. The data demonstrate the potential of magnetite thermometry to better constrain the thermal evolution of IOA systems worldwide, and help refine the geological models used to find new resources.

scholarly journals Bacterial and Fungal Community Dynamics and Shaping Factors During Agricultural Waste Composting with Zeolite and Biochar Addition

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 7082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wu ◽  
Liheng Ren ◽  
Lin Luo ◽  
Jiachao Zhang ◽  
Lihua Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Total Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Physico Chemical

Bacterial and fungal communities play significant roles in waste biodegradation and nutrient reservation during composting. Biochar and zeolite were widely reported to directly or indirectly promote microbial growth. Therefore, the effects of zeolite and biochar on the abundance and structure of bacterial and fungal communities and their shaping factors during the composting of agricultural waste were studied. Four treatments were carried out as follows: Run A as the control without any addition, Run B with zeolite (5%), Run C with biochar (5%), and Run D with zeolite (5%) and biochar (5%), respectively. The bacterial and fungal community structures were detected by high-throughput sequencing. Redundancy analysis was used for determining the relationship between community structure and physico-chemical parameters. The results indicated that the addition of biochar and zeolite changed the physico-chemical parameters (e.g., pile temperature, pH, total organic matter, ammonium, nitrate, and water-soluble carbon) during the composting process. Zeolite and biochar significantly changed the structure and diversity of bacterial and fungal populations. Moreover, the bacterial community rather than the fungal community was sensitive to the biochar and zeolite addition during the composting process. Community phylogenetic characteristics showed that Nocardiopsaceae, Bacillaceae, Leuconostocaceae, Phyllobacteriaceae, and Xanthomonadaceae were the predominant bacterial species at the family-level. Chaetomiaceae and Trichocomaceae were the two most dominant fungal species. The pH, total organic matter, and nitrate were the most important factors affecting the bacterial and fungal population changes during the composting process.

scholarly journals PHARMACOGNOSTICAL STANDARDIZATION OF RHIZOMES OF NUPHAR LUTEUM

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Manpreet Kaur ◽  
Hayat M Mukhtar
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Starch Grains ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Mean

Objective: This study provides the detailed summary of pharmacognostical characters of rhizomes to give clear standards for the identification ofdrug.Methods: Important details such as macroscopy, microscopy (transverse section [TS] and powder microscopy) along with physico-chemicalparameters (such as loss on drying, ash values, and extractive values), and quantitative studies (i.e foreign matter, length and width of xylem vesselsand calcium oxalate crystals, and diameter of starch grains) were performed by standard procedure.Results: The findings of macroscopic studies revealed that the rhizomes were internally creamish to light brown and dark brown externally withlongitudinal wrinkles. TS and powder microscopy of rhizomes showed the presence of fragments of cork, cellulosic parenchyma; scalariform typexylem vessels, fragments of ligneous parenchyma, lignified astrosclereids, and small ovoid, and rounded starch grains. The mean length and meanwidth of xylem vessels and calcium oxalate crystals were found to be 406 μm (micrometer) and 60.2 μm and 63.36 μm and 48.96 μm. Whereas meandiameter of starch grains was 34.56 μ. Physicochemical standards quantified were foreign organic matter (0.2%), total ash (12.3%), acid insolubleash (6.3%), water soluble ash (3%), loss on drying (12.5%), alcohol-soluble extractive value (32.6%), and water soluble extractive value (27.6%).Conclusion: As various pharmacognostical and physico-chemical parameters have pivotal roles in authentication, identification and establishmentsof quality parameters of the plant. This study was conducted for this purpose.

VETERINARY EXAMINATION OF MEAT DURING THE REHABILITATION OF FARMS FOR CHLAMYDIA CATTLE

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Tetracycline Antibiotics ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Residual Amount ◽  
Deep Layers ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Experimental Group

This article discusses the veterinary and sanitary examination of meat in the recovery of farms treated for chlamydia of cattle. The article examines the content of organoleptic, physico-chemical and residual amount of antibiotics in meat in chlamydia of cattle. According to the results of the study, the physical and chemical parameters of beef did not change when using antibiotics and did not affect the freshness of meat. Upon examination of the research on the surface thus in the experimental group and the control group showed signs of microbial bodies. In the surface layers of muscles from healthy animals thus the number of microbial bodies was normal. No microbial bodies were found in the deep layers of the muscles in the control and experimental groups. When determining the residual amount of antibiotics in meat, tetracycline antibiotics with high inhibitory activity against chlamydia were used. In our case, the antibiotics doxycycline 200 and nitox 200 were used. The residual amount of antibiotics in the meat samples of the tusch control group, where the antibiotic doxycycline 200 was used for 21 and 28 days after slaughter, was not detected in the meat samples. At the same time, in the group where the antibiotic nitox 200 was used on 21 days after slaughter, meat samples were found. And for 28 days after slaughter, the antibiotic was not detected in the samples of the control group and the experimental group. This means that the antibiotic doxycycline 200 is more effective than nitox 200 and is excreted from the animal body faster.

Unfrozen subsurface water on Mars: presence and implications

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diedrich T.F. Möhlmann
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Subsurface Water ◽  
Mineral Surfaces ◽  
Martian Surface ◽  
Geological Time ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Water Ice ◽  
Martian Soil ◽  
Water On Mars

It has been concluded from measurements, recently made by Mars Odyssey experiments, that there is water in the upper few metres of the Martian surface at mid- and equatorial latitudes with regionally high contents of up to about 9 wt%. This Martian subsurface water is shown to be in the form of adsorption (or sorption) water. The adsorptive bond of water molecules is about twice as strong on mineral surfaces compared with on water ice. Therefore, evaporation of adsorption water in porous soil happens on time scales, which exceed those of sublimation of water ice by orders of magnitude. Consequently, sorption water can have survived in the near-surface layers of the Martian soil at mid- and equatorial latitudes over geological time scales, where ice must have been lost by sublimation. Sorption water is unfrozen, i.e. liquid-like, down to temperatures of −40°C and below. It must, at least regionally and temporarily, be an important and not a trace constituent of the upper-surface Martian soil. The presence of liquid-like sorption water on Mars is also discussed in view of exobiological implications.

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