scholarly journals Who Supported the Early Muslim Brotherhood?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Neil Ketchley ◽  
Steven Brooke ◽  
Brynjar Lia
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
Political Islam ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Branch Formation

Abstract Scholarship on political Islam suggests that support for early Islamist movements came from literate merchants, government officials, and professionals who lacked political representation. We test these claims with a unique tranche of microlevel data drawn from a Muslim Brotherhood petition campaign in interwar Egypt. Matching the occupations of over 2,500 Brotherhood supporters to contemporaneous census data, we show that Egyptians employed in commerce, public administration, and the professions were more likely to sign the movement's petitions. The movement's supporters were also overwhelmingly literate. Contrary to expectations, the early Brotherhood also attracted support from Egyptians employed in agriculture, albeit less than we would expect given the prevalence of agrarian workers in the population. A case study tracing Muslim Brotherhood branch formation and petition activism in a Nile Delta village illustrates how literate, socially mobile agrarian families were key to the propagation of the movement in rural areas.

scholarly journals Social and Institutional Origins of Political Islam

2018 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 376-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEVEN BROOKE ◽  
NEIL KETCHLEY
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
Political Islam ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
State Administration ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
Economic Infrastructure ◽  
State Infrastructure

Under what conditions did the first Islamist movements organize? Which social and institutional contexts facilitated such mobilization? A sizable literature points to social and demographic changes, Western encroachment into Muslim societies, and the availability of state and economic infrastructure. To test these hypotheses, we match a listing of Muslim Brotherhood branches founded in interwar Egypt with contemporaneous census data on over 4,000 subdistricts. A multilevel analysis shows that Muslim Brotherhood branches were more likely in subdistricts connected to the railway and where literacy was higher. Branches were less likely in districts with large European populations, and where state administration was more extensive. Qualitative evidence also points to the railway as key to the movement’s propagation. These findings challenge the orthodoxy that contact between Muslims and the West spurred the growth of organized political Islam, and instead highlight the critical role of economic and state infrastructure in patterning the early contexts of Islamist activism.

scholarly journals A COMPARISON AND INTEGRATION BETWEEN PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTOR THROUGH SUSTAINABLE ECONOMICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE ROMANIAN RURAL AREAS USING BEE ALGORITHM

10.26458/1844 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-73
Author(s):  
George GRUIA ◽  
George Cristian Gruia
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
European Policies ◽  
Economical Development ◽  
Initial Results

The article is focused on presenting a comparison of the public sector with public administration policies and private sector with economical strategies with the purpose of better integration between the two with case study on the European funds in beekeeping and how by studying the bee behavior we too can develop our society to achieve better results. The scope of the article is to show an overview of the European policies into state members with focus on sustainable economic development of Romanian rural areas. This is part of the authors’ research from the last 10 years with focus on public, economic and social development and represent initial results of their yet not published work.

THE ROLE OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN CREATING CONDITIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES: A CASE STUDY OF RURAL MUNICIPALITIES IN POLAND

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata MARKS-BIELSKA
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Rural Municipalities

The author’s purpose has been to point to initiatives that can be undertaken by authorities in rural municipalities in order to create positive conditions for the growth of entrepreneurship in their territorial units. Parallel to a review of selected references, a survey method was employed, which relied on a questionnaire developed by the author and addressed to local authorities in all municipalities across Poland. Out of 2 479 Polish municipalities, 1 220 responded (d – measurement error = 2%), of which 770 were rural ones (49.17% of the rural municipalities in Poland). The socio-economic environment and spatial conditions of rural areas are different from the ones which prevail in an urban setting. Local governments are equipped with instruments with which they can take advantage of the potential they possess and thereby achieve their goals. Local authorities take initiatives together with the entrepreneurs who are already active in their municipality. Strategically orientated local government officials offer various forms of assistance to entrepreneurs. Regions, towns or municipalities are now competing fiercely for the capital. Developed land parcels (technical infrastructure) are no longer sufficient to attract investors. Other, innovative and business-friendly solutions must be looked for. A municipality which is successful in this search gain a competitive advantage, will attract some capital and, in a further perspective, will attain a high economic growth.

The Making of the Muslim Brotherhood’s Faith Brand

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-214
Author(s):  
Noha Mellor
Keyword(s):  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
Political Islam ◽  
The Future ◽  
Brand Attributes ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Muslim Brotherhood

Abstract This article sheds light on the use of narrative within the realm of political Islam, taking the Muslim Brotherhood as a topical case study. The argument is that the Brotherhood media served as a faith brand that was based on a narrative aimed at mobilizing voters and supporters, both within Egypt and regionally. The article questions whether the Brotherhood media represent a coherent voice of the movement, and how the media have helped sustain, preserve, and distinguish the Brotherhood’s brand for nine decades. It is argued that the Brotherhood’s narrative and brand attributes have come under scrutiny with the ongoing fissures within the movement post-2013, particularly between the old and new guard with regards to the re-assessment of the Brotherhood’s ideology and mission. These controversies attest to the gradual fragmentation of the Brotherhood brand, raising doubts about the movement’s ability to resuscitate this brand in the future.

Government Policies and Rural Entrepreneurship- Case Study of an Horticulture Entrepreneur

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod N. Sambrani
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Rural Entrepreneurship ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
Startup Time ◽  
Nursery Management ◽  
The Government

India is a country which is in forefront of being called a developed nation. To be a developed nation, India has to first look at its rural development, because 70 percent of the population live in rural areas, which means more than 700 million people are spread across 6,27,000 villages. Rural development is more than ever before linked to entrepreneurship. Establishments and agencies promoting rural development now look at entrepreneurship as a strategic development medium that could speed up the rural development process. Development institutions believe that rural entrepreneurship offers a huge potential for employment. In this paper a case study of a young entrepreneur who has taken up horticulture (vegetable plants nursery) as his full time profession, with a mission to help the neighbouring farmers is studied, the purpose of this paper is to understand the government role (policies and schemes), the difficulties faced by the entrepreneur during the startup time and knowledge transfer from the horticulture department, nursery management. The methodology followed is in-depth interaction with the entrepreneur. The outcome of paper will be to understand how rural entrepreneurship is helping improve the quality of life for families, communities and individuals leading to sustainable economy and environment.

Case Study #4: Star Trek by Gene Roddenberry

Public Voices ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Ken Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Star Trek ◽  
Government Organization ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Third ◽  
Gene Roddenberry ◽  
Common Goals

Star Trek began as a 1960s television series led by a swashbuckling starship Captain, an intellectual off-world first officer, and a multicultural, heart-of-gold crew. In the third of a century since its appearance on our home screens, the series Gene Roddenberry created has become a world-wide phenomenon.Star Trek is also a rich treasure trove of administrative literature: The setting — usually a starship, sometimes a planetary government organization. The characters are clearly delineated, colorful, share common goals, distinguish between their personal and professional roles and concerns, and serve well as archetypes for distinct organizational personalities. And the missions are clear, benevolent, in the public interest, and frequently controversial.As you watch an episode of one of the four Star Trek series, how many of these facets can you observe?That’s public administration, all right, but in a very different wrapper

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