Tinnitus and otosclerosis surgery

1984 ◽  
Vol 98 (S9) ◽  
pp. 294-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mendell Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Hearing Result ◽  
Stapes Footplate ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis study attempts to correlate the relationship between clinical otosclerosis, tinnitus, and stapedectomy surgery. One hundred and thirty-five patients who recently underwent stapedectomy surgery were evaluated to determine the effects upon tinnitus and to determine if there was an association between tinnitus and the pre-operative cochlear reserve, the degree of footplate pathology, and/or the post-operative hearing result.Diminished cochlear reserve and the post-operative audiometric result had no relationship to the tinnitus symptom. A beneficial effect on tinnitus occurred in 25 per cent of the patients requiring drilling of the stapes footplate.

Economic freedom and growth across German districts

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROK SPRUK ◽  
ALEKSANDAR KEŠELJEVIĆ
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Economic Freedom ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
East German ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn this paper, we revisit the relationship between economic freedom and growth across 407 German districts (Kreise). We build six indicators of economic freedom and cluster them into categories reflecting tax rates and size of the government and public sector. Exploiting the variation in the constructed indices of economic freedom, the evidence suggests less indebted districts with a lower share of taxes and a relatively smaller public sector achieve consistently higher growth rates and income levels. The beneficial effect of economic freedom on growth is robust to the variety of specification checks and does not appear to be driven by sample selection. The evidence does not indicate a lower level of economic freedom in former East German districts or greater economic freedom in West German districts but unveils a persistent north–south divide in the post-unification period. In the counterfactual scenario, a transition to the 90th percentile of economic freedom is associated with large income and growth gains. Such a transition would yield higher income levels and growth rates with a notable decrease in regional economic inequality within Germany.

scholarly journals In search of optimal psychoactivation: stimulants as cognitive performance enhancers

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emil Bartosz Rozenek ◽  
Monika Górska ◽  
Karolina Wilczyńska ◽  
Napoleon Waszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Cognitive Enhancement ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Behavioural Effects ◽  
Neurochemical Profile ◽  
Performance Enhancers ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dose Dependent

AbstractAn increasing number of people, students in particular, seek substances that improve their cognitive functioning. The most popular group of pharmacological cognitive enhancers (PCEs) are stimulants. Available studies suggest a small beneficial effect of methylphenidate and amphetamine on memory, executive functions, and processing speed. However small, this effect can make the difference between success and failure. In recent years, research has focused on the additional beneficial effect on the emotional state, increased motivation, and placebo-induced cognitive enhancement. This paper briefly reviews the latest and most important research on the relationship between popular stimulants and cognitive enhancement. One cannot understand this relationship without understanding the Yerkes-Dodson law, which explains the relationship between the degree of arousal and performance. It suggests that the effect of stimulants is a dose-dependent continuum. This law has repeatedly been confirmed by studies in which an optimal level of psychoactivation for cognitive enhancement was obtained with low stimulant doses, whereas exceeding the effective dose resulted in cognitive deficits, psychomotor agitation, and addiction. A separate section has been devoted to modafinil, an increasingly popular stimulant that differs from the rest in neurochemical profile and behavioural effects.

scholarly journals Dietary influences on chronic obstructive lung disease and asthma: a review of the epidemiological evidence

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henriette A. Smit ◽  
Linda Grievink ◽  
Cora Tabak
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Airway Reactivity ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
The Relationship

The epidemiological evidence for a relationship between diet and indicators of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is evaluated. The review focuses on the intake of Na,n−3 fatty acids, and antioxidant vitamins as well as fruit and vegetables. Experimental studies suggest that a high-Na diet has a small adverse effect on airway reactivity in asthma patients. However, observational studies provide no clear evidence that high Na intake has adverse effects on airway reactivity or asthma symptoms in open populations.n−3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are present in fish oils, are metabolized into less broncho-constricting and inflammatory mediators thann−6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Studies in the general adult population suggest that a high fish intake has a beneficial effect on lung function, but the relationship with respiratory symptoms and clinically-manifest asthma or COPD is less evident. Also, experimental studies in asthma patients have not demonstrated an improvement in asthma severity after supplementation with fish oil. Several studies showed a beneficial association between fruit and vegetable intake and lung function, but the relationship with respiratory symptoms and the clinically-manifest disease was less convincing. A similar pattern was found for vitamin C in relation to indicators of asthma and COPD, but there are still conflicting results with respect to vitamin E and β-carotene. In conclusion, the epidemiological evidence for a beneficial effect on indicators of asthma and COPD of eating fish, fruit and vegetables is increasing. However, the effectiveness of dietary supplementation in open-population samples is often not demonstrated. Several unresolved questions are raised, which should be addressed in future studies on the relationship between diet and respiratory disease.

THE BENEFICIAL EFFECT OF FILTER PRESS CAKE ON PINEAPPLE GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT, AND PRODUCTION I. EFFECT ON THE PLANT CROP

1969 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-280
Author(s):  
Ernesto Hernández-Medina
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Press Cake ◽  
Filter Press ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Iron And Manganese ◽  
Plant Crop

This paper reports the results obtained in studies carried out to establish the relationship between iron and manganese imbalance in the soil and remedial treatments on pineapple growth, development, and production. In addition to lime carbonate, organic matter in the form of filter press cake was also tested as a soil remedial treatment.

Thrust Forces in Underwater Swimming

1965 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 561-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond A. Christianson ◽  
Gershon Weltman ◽  
Glen H. Egstrom
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Force Platform ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Thrust Forces ◽  
Leg Position

Instantaneous and mean static thrust levels were measured for eight underwater swimmers restrained in a submerged force platform. Swimming was examined barefoot and with two types of fins. The main beneficial effect of the fins was to eliminate the substantial negative thrust component associated with barefoot swimming. Higher maximal thrust outputs were achieved with curved fins than with straight-bladed ones. There were also significant differences between barefoot and finned swimming in the relationship of instantaneous thrust to leg position during the kick cycle. Kick rate and foot acceleration were both proportional to thrust output, but the relationship depended on diver size and experience.

scholarly journals Endogenous Sex Hormones and Cardiovascular Disease in Men

2003 ◽  
Vol 88 (11) ◽  
pp. 5076-5086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majon Muller ◽  
Yvonne T. van der Schouw ◽  
Jos H. H. Thijssen ◽  
Diederick E. Grobbee
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
Adrenal Androgens ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Circulating Levels ◽  
Endogenous Sex Hormones

Abstract Unlike women, men do not experience an abrupt reduction in endogenous sex hormone production. It has, however, become clear that an age-associated decrease in the levels of (bioactive) sex hormones does occur. Whether endogenous sex hormones have an impact on cardiovascular disease has for many years remained largely unknown, but during the last decade more attention has been drawn to the importance of testosterone, estrogens, and adrenal androgens in etiology, prevention, and treatment of male cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this article is to summarize the evidence currently available on the association between endogenous sex hormones and cardiovascular disease in males. Published studies dealing with the relationship between circulating levels of sex hormones and cardiovascular disease in males were reviewed. The studies reviewed in this article suggest that circulating endogenous sex hormones and estrogens have a neutral or beneficial effect on cardiovascular disease in men.

1 + 1 < 2! Effects of Social Media Engagement and Advertising on Firm Value of Tourism and Hospitality Companies

2021 ◽  
pp. 109634802110153
Author(s):  
Shuai Yang ◽  
Yahui Liu ◽  
Xiaojun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Social Media Engagement ◽  
Hospitality Firms ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
The Relationship

Engaging customers via social media networking has become a rising trend of investments for tourism and hospitality firms. This new trend is termed “social media engagement.” However, whether social media engagement can actually lead to increased financial value for tourism and hospitality firms is doubted. This study theorizes and empirically examines the relationship between social media engagement and intangible value of tourism and hospitality firms, and the joint effects of social media engagement and advertising investments on firm value. Using a daily longitudinal data set from tourism and hospitality firms that have issued domestic A-shares in China, this study finds that social media engagement has a significant and positive relationship with the firm value of tourism and hospitality companies. However, the two types of investments interact as substitutes, such that increasing advertising investments attenuate the beneficial effect of social media engagement on firm value.

scholarly journals Health absenteeism and motivation in professional firefighters

Sigurnost ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrejka Bešter ◽  
Mirko Markič
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Motivational Factors ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Empirical Contribution

SUMMARY: Health absenteeism of employees impacts the performance of the organization. Therefore, what needs to be explored is motivation and other socially topical issues worth studying in relation to absenteeism. The research focused first on the relevant conceptual model that would show the relationship between health absenteeism and non-motivational factors for professional firefighters in Slovenia. The conceptual model was designed based on the review of domestic and foreign professional literature. The purpose was to determine if it is possible to have a beneficial effect on the rate of health absenteeism by using the appropriate or sufficient motivation. In the empirical part of the research we carried out a quantitative study on the relationship between health absenteeism and non-motivational factors. Questionnaires were distributed to 356 professional firefighters from 13 professional fire brigades in Slovenia. We found no relationships between job satisfaction or job performance and health absenteeism. Results gained from the research provide a theoretical and empirical contribution, and will be useful to theorists, researchers, and practitioners who study health absenteeism and motivation.

scholarly journals Stimulation efficiency of an actuator driven piston at the biological interface to the inner ear

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Busch ◽  
Mohammad Ghoncheh ◽  
Thomas Lenarz ◽  
Hannes Maier
Keyword(s):  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Input Voltage ◽  
Piston Motion ◽  
Stapes Fixation ◽  
Biological Interface ◽  
Piston Displacement ◽  
Stapes Footplate ◽  
Stimulation Efficiency ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Motion Amplitude

AbstractDirect acoustic cochlear stimulation uses piston motion to substitute for stapes footplate (SFP) motion. The ratio of piston to stapes footplate motion amplitude, to generate the same loudness percept, is an indicator of stimulation efficiency. We determined the relationship between piston displacement to perceived loudness, the achieved maximum power output and investigated stapes fixation and obliteration as confounding factors. The electro-mechanical transfer function of the actuator was determined preoperatively on the bench and intraoperatively by laser Doppler vibrometry. Clinically, perceived loudness as a function of actuator input voltage was calculated from bone conduction thresholds and direct thresholds via the implant. The displacement of a 0.4 mm diameter piston required for a perception equivalent to 94 dB SPL at the tympanic membrane compared to normal SFP piston displacement was 27.6–35.9 dB larger, consistent with the hypothesis that the ratio between areas is responsible for stimulation efficiency. Actuator output was 110 ± 10 eq dB SPLFF @1Vrms ≤ 3 kHz and decreased to 100 eq dB SPLFF at 10 kHz. Output was significantly higher for mobile SFPs but independent from obliteration. Our findings from clinical data strongly support the assumption of a geometrical dependency on piston diameter at the biological interface to the cochlea.

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