Design and performance analysis of dual-band wearable compact low-profile antenna for body-centric wireless communications

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1175-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al-Sehemi ◽  
Ahmed Al-Ghamdi ◽  
Nikolay Dishovsky ◽  
Nikolay Atanasov ◽  
Gabriela Atanasova
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Antenna Performance ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Flexible Antenna ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Multilayer Substrate

AbstractIn this paper, we present a novel dual-band wearable compact flexible antenna for body-centric wireless communications (BCWCs). The design is based on a modified planar dipole with parasitic elements, meandered lines, and a rectangular reflector embedded into a hydrophobic rubber-textile multilayer substrate in order to get both good antenna performance and mechanical properties. The antenna's structure is analyzed and optimized in free space (FS), on a numerical and an experimental homogeneous flat phantom. The overall dimensions of the antenna are 50 mm × 40 mm × 4.6 mm and a prototype mass of 11 g, which makes it suitable for practical applications in BCWCs. The built prototype resonated at 2.47 GHz with a |S11|−26.90 dB and at 5.42 GHz with a |S11|−24.60 dB in the FS. The measured bandwidths are 500 MHz (2.2–2.7 GHz) and 1000 MHz (4.65–5.75 GHz) at lower and higher bands, respectively. The antenna exhibits a measured maximum gain of 1.17 dBi at 2.66 GHz and a radiation efficiency of 28.44% in FS. The 10 g average maximum specific absorption rate is 0.165 W/kg at 2.70 GHz and 0.520 W/kg at 5.24 GHz when the antenna is placed on the numerical phantom at net input power 0.1 W.

scholarly journals A compact dual-band semi-flexible antenna at 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz for wearable applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1739-1746
Author(s):  
S. M. Shah ◽  
A. A. Rosman ◽  
M. A. Z. A. Rashid ◽  
Z. Z. Abidin ◽  
F. C. Seman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Specific Absorption Rate ◽  
Flexible Substrate ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Reflection Coefficients ◽  
Resonant Frequencies ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Flexible Antenna

In this work, a compact dual-band semi-flexible antenna operating at         2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz for the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band is presented. The antenna is fabricated on a semi-flexible substrate material, Rogers Duroid RO3003™ with a low-profile feature with dimensions of 30×38 mm2 which makes it a good solution for wearable applications. Bending investigation is also performed over a vacuum cylinder and the diameters are varied at 50 mm, 80 mm and 100 mm, that represents the average human arm’s diameter. The bending investigation shows that reflection coefficients for all diameters are almost similar which imply that the antenna will operate at the dual-band resonant frequencies, even in bending condition. The simulated specific absorption rate (SAR) in CST MWS® software shows that the antenna obeys the FCC and ICNIRP guidelines for 1 mW of input power. The SAR limits at 2.45 GHz for 1 g of human tissue is simulated at 0.271 W/kg (FCC standard: 1.6 W/kg) while for 10 g is at 0.0551 W/kg (ICNIRP standard: 2 W/kg. On the other hand, the SAR limits at 5.8 GHz are computed at 0.202 W/kg for 1 g and 0.0532 W/kg for 10 g.

Design and performance analysis of a conformal CPW fed wideband antenna with Mu-Negative metamaterial for wearable applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (08) ◽  
pp. 806-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepa Negi ◽  
Rajesh Khanna ◽  
Jaswinder Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Specific Absorption Rate ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Stop Band ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Metamaterial Structure ◽  
Uwb Antenna ◽  
Flexible Antenna ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Metallic Sheet ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractIn this paper, a flexible CPW fed ultrawide band (UWB) antenna with mu-negative (MNG) metamaterial is designed, fabricated, and tested for wearable applications. Initially, a UWB antenna of size 50 mm × 43 mm is fabricated on two different substrates, viz. flexible FR4 and semi-flexible Rogers RT/duroid 5880. A metamaterial structure fabricated on flexible FR4 shows a magnetic resonance from 7.2 GHz to 9.2 GHz with maximum stop band attenuation (−49 dB) and high MNG value (−2121.6) at 7.87 GHz. Then a (3 × 3) array of designed MNG metasurface is used as ground plane with flexible UWB antenna, which improves its overall gain and radiation pattern. The performance of the flexible antenna with/without metamaterial at various distances from flat and cylindrical three-layered human phantom of skin, fat, and muscle is studied. Further, the bending characteristics at different angles and performance over thin metallic sheet is also evaluated. Additionally, the peak specific absorption rate value averaged over 1 g of tissue at three chosen frequencies from UWB range (3, 5, 10 GHz) with/without metamaterial using 0.3 and 0.1 W of input power is also analyzed. The simulated and measured results are in good agreement which confirms that the designed antenna is a good candidate for wearable applications.

scholarly journals Perancangan Antena Mikrostrip Dual Band Profil Rendah Menggunakan Teknik DGS Dan Meander Line Untuk Aplikasi GNSS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Panangian Mahadi Sihombing
Keyword(s):  
Microstrip Antenna ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Radio Navigation ◽  
Antenna Performance ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Ground System ◽  
Navigation Service ◽  
Meander Line

Some of the parameters that are considered to measure GNSS antenna performance are polarization, polarization, bandwidth, return loss and antenna dimensions. This study aims to design a low profile dual band microstrip antenna using the Defected Ground System (DGS) and Menader Line (ML) techniques for GNSS applications. In this research, the DGS technique is used to increase the bandwidth while the ML technique is used to reduce the antenna dimensions. This antenna design uses a FR4 Epoxy substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm. To design and analyze the antenna, the CST Studio Suite 2016 simulator is used. The simulator is equipped with an optimizer feature that can optimize antenna parameters. Based on the design results, an antenna with a size of 183.6 x 183.6 x 1.6 mm3 has been produced. The antenna works in dual band, namely in the band 1247 - 1294 MHz (bandwidth - 3.70% BW) for radio navigation satellite services Glonass (G2) and Galileo (E6). And in the band 1539-1606 MHz (4.26% BW) for the Galileo (E1) flight radio navigation service, Compass and GPS (L1). Keywords: Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), low-profile dual-band microstrip antenna, Defected Ground System (DGS) dan Meander Line (ML).

scholarly journals Design of Dual-Band and Low-Profile SIW Cavity-Backed Slot Antenna for 5G Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Amit Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Ground Plane ◽  
Effective Length ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Slot Antenna ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Radiation Characteristics ◽  
Antenna Performance ◽  
Dual Band Antenna ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Via Hole

In this communication, the design of a dual-band and low-profile SIW cavity-backed slot antenna operating at K-band and Ka-band has been proposed to expand the Impedance bandwidth (IBW) of the antenna. The dual-band antenna consists of the SIW cavity with two parallel slots etched on the conductor’s ground plane. To obtain a dual-band, higher-order hybrid modes are tuned and combined to form the second band of the proposed antenna with a broader bandwidth. For dual-band antenna, fractional bandwidth of 5.26% and 6.15% are attained with the maximum gain of 5.45 dBi and 6.15 dBi at 24.7 GHz and 27.8 GHz, respectively. A cavity-backed antenna using via-hole and the slot has been proposed to improve an IBW and other antenna performance parameters. Via-hole establishes a connection between the top and bottom surfaces of the cavity, creating a new path for the current to flow by shortening the slot’s effective length. An IBW of 4.2 GHz (15.32%), where a gain of 7.8 dBi and 9.2 dBi have been realized at 25.9 GHz and 28.8 GHz, respectively. Isolation of less than 25 dB has been achieved through simulation. In terms of λ0, the overall volumetric dimension of the proposed antenna is 1.68 λ0×1.31λ0×0.04λ0. The proposed design demonstrates better performance in terms of antenna parameters, including compactness, good radiation characteristics, enhanced impedance bandwidth, and higher gain than the latest state of the art.

A Novel Pentagonal Shaped Planar Inverted-F Antenna for Defense Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Purnima Sharma ◽  
Akshi Kotecha ◽  
Rama Choudhary ◽  
Partha Pratim Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Satellite Communication ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Radio Frequency Field ◽  
Wireless Applications ◽  
High Frequency Structure Simulator ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Radar Satellite ◽  
5 Ghz

Background: The Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) is most widely used for wireless communication applications due to its unique properties as low Specific Absorption Rate, low profile geometry and easy fabrication. In literature a number of multiband PIFA designs are available that support various wireless applications in mobile communication, satellite communication and radio frequency field. Methods: In this paper, a miniature sized planar inverted-F antenna has been proposed for dual-band operation. The antenna consists of an asymmetrical pentagonal shaped patch over an FR4 substrate. The overall antenna dimension is 10 × 10 × 3 mm3 and resonates at 5.7 GHz frequency. A modification is done in the patch structure by introducing an asymmetrical pentagon slot. Results: The proposed pentagonal antenna resonates at 5.7 GHz frequency. Further, modified antenna resonates at two bands. The lower band resonates at 5 GHz and having a bandwidth of 1.5 GHz. This band corresponds to C-band, which is suitable for satellite communication. The upper band is at 7.9 GHz with a bandwidth of 500 MHz. Performance parameters such as return loss, VSWR, input impedance and radiation pattern are obtained and analysed using ANSYS High- Frequency Structure Simulator. The radiation patterns obtained are directional, which are suitable for mobile communication. Conclusion: The antenna is compact in size and suitable for radar, satellite and vehicular communication.

scholarly journals Switched Capacitor DC-DC Converters: A Survey on the Main Topologies, Design Characteristics, and Applications

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2231
Author(s):  
Alencar Franco de Souza ◽  
Fernando Lessa Tofoli ◽  
Enio Roberto Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Inherent Difficulty ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Dc Power ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Voltage Doubler ◽  
Converter Design ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Full Charge

This work presents a review of the main topologies of switched capacitors (SCs) used in DC-DC power conversion. Initially, the basic configurations are analyzed, that is, voltage doubler, series-parallel, Dickson, Fibonacci, and ladder. Some aspects regarding the choice of semiconductors and capacitors used in the circuits are addressed, as well their impact on the converter behavior. The operation of the structures in terms of full charge, partial charge, and no charge conditions is investigated. It is worth mentioning that these aspects directly influence the converter design and performance in terms of efficiency. Since voltage regulation is an inherent difficulty with SC converters, some control methods are presented for this purpose. Finally, some practical applications and the possibility of designing DC-DC converters for higher power levels are analyzed.

Advances in MXene Films: Synthesis, Assembly, and Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Li ◽  
Feitian Ran ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Jun Long ◽  
Lu Shao
Keyword(s):  
Spin Coating ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Metal Carbides ◽  
Max Phases ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Coating Methods ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Important Form

AbstractA growing family of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides or nitrides, known as MXenes, have received increasing attention because of their unique properties, such as metallic conductivity and good hydrophilicity. The studies on MXenes have been widely pursued, given the composition diversity of the parent MAX phases. This review focuses on MXene films, an important form of MXene-based materials for practical applications. We summarized the synthesis methods of MXenes, focusing on emerging synthesis strategies and reaction mechanisms. The advanced assembly technologies of MXene films, including vacuum-assisted filtration, spin-coating methods, and several other approaches, were then highlighted. Finally, recent progress in the applications of MXene films in electrochemical energy storage, membrane separation, electromagnetic shielding fields, and burgeoning areas, as well as the correlation between compositions, architecture, and performance, was discussed.

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