scholarly journals Twinning Rates in Uruguay Between 1999 and 2015: Association with Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelia Gómez ◽  
Andrés Sosa ◽  
Sylvia Corte ◽  
Emma Otta
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
The Other ◽  
Random Pattern ◽  
Economic Data ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
R Project ◽  
Birth Data ◽  
Mother's Educational Level ◽  
Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors

AbstractTwinning is rare among humans, but there is much variability among populations. Several studies show that certain demographic and socioeconomic factors, such as maternal age, mother’s educational level and income, influence twinning rate. There is no background of analytical studies of twins in Uruguay. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that has focused on describing and analyzing Uruguayan twinning rates over a period of 17 years (1999–2015). The birth data were collected from the website of Uruguay’s Ministry of Public Health. Economic data were obtained from Uruguay’s Instituto Nacional de Estadísti’s website for the period 2001–2013, since these variables are defined specifically for that period of time. The statistical software R (The R Project for Statistical Computing) was used. The twinning rate varied from 8.51 to 13 in the studied period. Montevideo has the highest median and the smallest variability in comparison with the other departments. In Uruguay (1999–2015), the highest twinning rate (28.94%) was observed in women aged 45 and older. The analysis also showed a relationship between twin birth rates and the mother’s educational level. In three regions of the country (West, Center and East), twin births show a random pattern but in the other two (North and Metropolitan), there is an increasing trend in the number of twins over time. In conclusion, this study recognizes social, economic and demographic factors that influence in the rate of twin births in Uruguay.

scholarly journals Czech mothers read books to their young children: association with mothers’ education

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Peter Gavora
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
High Education ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Mother's Educational Level

Abstract The study concentrated on mothers’ reading to their preschool children. Three broad questions were posed about how the mother’s educational level is associated with: (1) the mother’s reasons to read to the child, (2) frequency and duration of this reading, (3) mother-child literacy interaction with the child. The sample of low education mothers (n=55) and high education mothers (n=213) was recruited to fill in a questionnaire of 46 items. Higher education mothers outperformed low education mothers in these variables: reading to the child in order to enhance cognitive development, appreciate the time they are with the child in reading sessions, reading to child frequency, and the number of books the child possesses. On the other hand, low education mothers more frequently than high education mothers ask children about book characters and explain reasons for reading.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors for Spousal Resemblance in Obesity Status in China

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 415
Author(s):  
Xuejiao Chen ◽  
Xueqi Hu ◽  
Songhe Shi ◽  
Qingfeng Tian
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Pearson Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors

Introduction: The purposes of this study were to explore the resemblance in the weight status within couples with different family contextual factors and analyze the influence of the level of overweight or obesity of a spouse on that of the other spouse. Methods: The data were from the sixth National Health Service Survey of Henan Province in 2018. After screening, 7432 eligible couples were finally included. Socioeconomic and demographic factors were compared by the χ2 test or nonparametric test. The difference in the body mass index (BMI) of spouses was assessed by a t-test. The Pearson correlation coefficient and kappa value were used as indicators of consistency in weight status. A logistic regression analysis was used to further explore the effect of a spouse’s level of overweight/obesity on that of the other spouse. Results: The results show that the prevalence of overweight/obesity in couples aged 20 or older is 33.76%. The Pearson correlation coefficient of the BMI within couples was 0.102 (95% CI: 0.076–0.120). The kappa coefficients suggested a low resemblance in the weight status within couples (k = 0.049, 95% CI: 0.031–0.069). Besides, the influence of the overweight/obesity status of the wives on that of the husbands (odds ratio (OR) = 1.411, 95% CI: 1.309–1.521) was slightly higher than that of the husbands on that of the wives (OR = 1.404, 95% CI: 1.302–1.514). Conclusions: We found that there was a moderate but significant resemblance in the body weight status between spouses, especially elderly couples with a low education level in rural areas. Health education activities for couple interventions can have a good effect of intervention.

scholarly journals Social and demographic factors of physical activity in 9-11 years old Slovenian children

Kinesiology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-78
Author(s):  
Tanja Jerina ◽  
Tadeja Volmut
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Active Commute ◽  
Mother's Educational Level

Factors related to physical behaviour of children are important in understanding the characteristics of their physical activity. Apart from the factors of physical environment, social and demographical factors are also related to physical activity levels. Randomly selected 669 children (9.9±0.8 years; 48.8% boys) from randomly selected Slovenian elementary schools participated in this study. All data were obtained during a single measurement in May 2010. The standardized questionnaire The Quality of Life Survey was used to measure physical activity (PA) levels as well as social and demographic factors which could be associated with it. The results indicated higher PA levels in boys than in girls (704±286 min/week vs. 617±268 min/week; p<.001). The analysis of variance confirmed higher PA levels in girls with parents of a higher socioeconomic status (SES) (p=.0018); in boys, there were no differences in PA levels according SES (p=.580). In both the boys (p=.047) and girls (p=.021) PA levels were higher if their whole family were members of any sport club. However, family structure was not related to PA levels in either boys (p=.648) or girls (p=.132). In boys, the bi-variate regression analysis showed a positive correlation with mother’s educational level (r=.090), with the number of children in the family (r=.150), with the child’s attitude that active commute to school is attractive (r=.108) and that child’s peers actively commute to school (r=.129), whereas a negative correlation was obtained with fear the child would become a victim of violence or harassment on the way to school (r=-.097). In girls, bi-variate regression analysis showed a positive correlation with mother’s educational level (r=.094), with the child’s attitude that active commute to school is attractive (r=.092) and that child’s peers actively commute to school (r=.221), whereas a negative correlation was established with fear the child would become a victim of violence or harassment on the way to school (r=-.061) or at recreational and sporting facilities (r=-.046). According to low correlations in bi-variate analysis, we conclude that other factors, such as, for example, physical environment, might be strongly related to physical activity levels in children and need to be taken into account when preparing interventions for physical activity enhancement.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic Determinant of Money Script Pattern of Undergraduates of University of Lagos.

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-118
Author(s):  
Sylvester Ororume Atiri ◽  
Similoluwa Titilayo Bello
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

The study tried to determine the money script pattern of undergraduate students of the  university of Lagos, with the aim of examining the influence of socio-demographic factors (that is; sex, age, educational level marital status, current socio-economic status and childhood socio-economic status) on their money script pattern. The study involved a cross-sectional survey of 385 undergraduates. One standardized psychological instrument; the Klontz-Money Script Inventory (KMSI), was used to elicit data from the participants. The results show that sex had a significant influence on the money script pattern of two out of the four types of money scripts, that is (Money worship script)  F (1,36) = 7.74, P<.05 and (Money status script) F (1,36) = 6.32, P<.05. While the other two had no significant influence on the money script pattern of participants, that is, (Money Avoidance script) F (1,36) = 1.83, P>.05 and (Money vigilance script) F (1,36) = 0.52, P>.05. The other socio-demographic factors; marital status, age, educational level current socio-economic status and childhood socio-economic status did not significantly influence the money script pattern of the participants. The study concluded that the sex of participants to an extent, influences the money script pattern of undergraduates and educational level, marital status, age, current socio-economic and childhood socio-economic status have no influence on the money script pattern of undergraduates. 

scholarly journals PSV-7 Effects of drying and oxygenation of piglets at birth on rectal temperatures in the early post-natal period

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
Katherine Vande Pol ◽  
Naomi Cooper ◽  
Andres Tolosa ◽  
Michael Ellis ◽  
Richard Gates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Model ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
The Other ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Oxygen Treatment ◽  
Birth Data

Abstract Piglets often experience hypothermia early after birth. Previous research has suggested that drying piglets and administration of oxygen (a potential treatment for asphyxiation) at birth may increase post-natal rectal temperatures. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of drying and administering oxygen at birth on piglet rectal temperature over the first 24 h after birth. The study, conducted at a commercial facility, used a CRD with 42 sows/litters randomly allotted at start of farrowing to 3 treatments (applied at birth): Control (no drying or oxygenation); Dried (using a cellulose-based desiccant); Dried+Oxygen [dried and placed in a chamber (40% oxygen) for 20 min]. At birth, piglets were weighed and uniquely identified. Rectal temperature was measured at 0, 20, 30, 45, 60, 120, and 1440 min after birth. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS. Litter was the experimental unit; piglet was a subsample of litter. The statistical model included effects of treatment, time of measurement, and the interaction. Both the Dried and Dried+Oxygen treatments had greater (P &lt; 0.05) rectal temperatures than the Control between 20 and 120 min. However, the Dried+Oxygen treatment had lower (P &lt; 0.05) rectal temperatures than the Dried treatment between 20 and 60 minutes. Temperatures at 1440 min were lower (P &lt; 0.05) for the Dried+Oxygen than the other treatments; however, differences were small. In conclusion, drying piglets at birth increased rectal temperatures over the first 2 h after birth. The combination of drying piglets at birth and placement in an oxygen chamber for 20 min was less effective at moderating post-natal temperature changes than drying alone. Further research on piglet oxygenation is necessary to understand the reason for these reduced temperatures, and whether this treatment affects pre-weaning mortality. This research was funded by the National Pork Board.

Understanding Patterns of Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors Along With Health Services Provider Availability for Zika Outbreak in South Florida

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-459
Author(s):  
Linda McQuade ◽  
Mya Rao ◽  
Roger Miller ◽  
Winnie Zhou ◽  
Rinku Deol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Consumer Information ◽  
Dade County ◽  
Provider Network ◽  
Public Provider ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Machine Readable ◽  
Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors

AbstractIn this study, we analyzed the patterns of socioeconomic and demographic factors along with health services provider availability for the current Zika outbreak in Miami-Dade County, South Florida. We used Center for Consumer Information & Insurance Oversight (CCIIO) Machine-Readable Public Use Files (MR-PUFs) to examine provider availability in combination with socioeconomic and demographic factors that could potentially lead to healthcare disparities between any underserved population of the Wynwood neighborhood and the broader population of Miami-Dade County. MR-PUFs contain public provider-level data from states that are participating in the Federally Facilitated Marketplace. According to CCIIO, an issuer of a Qualified Health Plan that uses a provider network must maintain a network that is sufficient in the number and types of providers, including providers that specialize in mental-health and substance-use disorder services, to assure that all services will be accessible to enrollees without unreasonable delay. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:455–459)

scholarly journals Survival Analysis and Determinants of The First Birth Interval in Indonesia

CAUCHY ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Alfensi Faruk ◽  
Endro Setyo Cahyono ◽  
Ning Eliyati
Keyword(s):  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Censored Observations ◽  
Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors

<p class="Abstract">The first birth interval is one of the indicators of women’s fertility rate. Because in most cases the first birth interval contains censored observations, the only appropriate statistical method to handle such data is survival analysis. The main objective of this study is to analyze several socioeconomic and demographic factors that affect the first birth interval in Indonesia using the univariate and multivariate survival analysis, that is Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model, respectively. The sample is obtained from 2012 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) and consists of 28242 ever married women aged 15-49 at the time of interview. The results show that age at the first birth, women's educational level, husband’s educational level, contraceptive knowledge, wealth index, and employment status are the significant factors affecting the first birth interval in Indonesia.</p>

scholarly journals Population changes in former voivodeship cities in Poland in the context of suburbanization processes and loss of the administrative function

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wioletta Szymańska ◽  
Tomasz Michalski
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Administrative Reform ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Population Changes ◽  
Influence Zone ◽  
City Core ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Abstract The article presents an attempt to analyse population changes and to measure the strength of the impact of factors causing these changes in former voivodeship (province) cities in Poland. In view of the ongoing processes of suburbanisation, the discussion also concerns the areas surrounding the city, i.e. those creating urban systems together with the city. These zones were delineated, calling them demographic influence zones, because only demographic factors were involved in defining them. The research was conducted in the period between1999–2015, and took into account the administrative reform of the country that degraded 31 cities from voivodeship (NUTS-2) capitals to poviat (LAU-1) cities. The main aim of the study was to find an answer to the question: do the directions and the strength of population changes confirm a hypothesis of the destructive impact of the loss of administrative function on settlement units. The results of the study only partially confirmed this hypothesis. Although a decrease in the population is overwhelmingly predominant in the city core, in the case of the demographic influence zone, it has already increased. Counting both parts together, it was found that in half of the cases there was a decline and in the other half a growth of the population.

scholarly journals SOCIETAL INITIATIVES - A STUDY OF LEGAL COMPLIANCE OF CSR BY SELECTED MAHARATNA COMPANIES OF INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Legal Compliance ◽  
Mandatory Requirement ◽  
Excess Amount ◽  
Increasing Trend

The main purpose of this study is to know the CSR compliance obeyed by public sector enterprises in India. The data have been gathered from annual reports of the chosen five Maharatna Companies of India. The data of average profit prescribed CSR, and amount spent on CSR of company-wise have been tabulated and analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA. The study has been found that GAIL has maintained consistency in the amount spent for CSR, while the other selected Maharatna companies showing high variance during the period of study. Amongst these five, PGC has shown a tremendous increasing trend while the rest are showing decline or fluctuation in the amount spent on social and environmental wellbeing. This study also found that excess amount over and above mandatory requirement has been spent by SAIL, GAIL, and NTPC while BHEL and PGC show deficit in the amount spent which shows that still, these two companies haven’t spent full amount as per Companies Act for CSR.

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