Polymer/Surfactant Complexes at the Water/Air Interface:  A Surface Tension and X-ray Reflectivity Study

Langmuir ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 3206-3213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosima Stubenrauch ◽  
Pierre-Antoine Albouy ◽  
Regine v. Klitzing ◽  
Dominique Langevin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
Polymer Surfactant

Hydrophobic Ferrocene Derivatives as Potential Standards in Electrochemistry

1997 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Podlaha ◽  
Petr Štěpnička ◽  
Róbert Gyepes ◽  
Vladimír Mareček ◽  
Alexander Lhotský ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Redox Potential ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Carbon Electrodes ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ferrocene Derivatives ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
As Solubility

Ferrocene (FcH) derivatives monosubstituted by palmitoyl (1), hexadecyl (2), 1-adamantoyl (3) or 1-adamantylmethyl (4) groups were sythesized and characterized by NMR, mass and 57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy. The structure of 1-adamantoylferrocene was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Cyclic voltammetry on gold and glass-like carbon electrodes demonstrated that the compounds can serve as electrochemical standards for special cases since their ferrocene/ferricinium redox potential remains stable and reversible, while the properties such as solubility, diffusion coefficients and surface tension are strongly solvent-dependent.

scholarly journals Adsorption Properties of Hydrocarbon and Fluorocarbon Surfactants Ternary Mixture at the Water-Air Interface

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4313
Author(s):  
Bronisław Jańczuk ◽  
Katarzyna Szymczyk ◽  
Anna Zdziennicka
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Standard Free Energy ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Free Energy Of Adsorption ◽  
Interface Tension ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
Surface Excess Concentration ◽  
Tail Water ◽  
Triton X

Measurements were made of the surface tension of the aqueous solutions of p-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenoxypoly(ethylene glycols) having 10 oxyethylene groups in the molecule (Triton X-100, TX100) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) with Zonyl FSN-100 (FC6EO14, FC1) as well as with Zonyl FSO-100 (FC5EO10, FC2) ternary mixtures. The obtained results were compared to those provided by the Fainerman and Miller equation and to the values of the solution surface tension calculated, based on the contribution of a particular surfactant in the mixture to the reduction of water surface tension. The changes of the aqueous solution ternary surfactants mixture surface tension at the constant concentration of TX100 and CTAB mixture at which the water surface tension was reduced to 60 and 50 mN/m as a function of fluorocarbon surfactant concentration, were considered with regard to the composition of the mixed monolayer at the water-air interface. Next, this composition was applied for the calculation of the concentration of the particular surfactants in the monolayer using the Frumkin equation. On the other hand, the Gibbs surface excess concentration was determined only for the fluorocarbon surfactants. The tendency of the particular surfactants to adsorb at the water-air interface was discussed, based on the Gibbs standard free energy of adsorption which was determined using different methods. This energy was also deduced, based on the surfactant tail surface tension and tail-water interface tension.

scholarly journals A pH-Responsive Foam Formulated with PAA/Gemini 12-2-12 Complexes

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Hernán Martinelli ◽  
Claudia Domínguez ◽  
Marcos Fernández Leyes ◽  
Sergio Moya ◽  
Hernán Ritacco
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Dynamic Surface Tension ◽  
Foam Formation ◽  
Ph Responsive ◽  
Dynamic Surface ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Equilibrium Surface Tension ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Air Interfaces

In the search for responsive complexes with potential applications in the formulation of smart dispersed systems such as foams, we hypothesized that a pH-responsive system could be formulated with polyacrylic acid (PAA) mixed with a cationic surfactant, Gemini 12-2-12 (G12). We studied PAA-G12 complexes at liquid–air interfaces by equilibrium and dynamic surface tension, surface rheology, and X-ray reflectometry (XRR). We found that complexes adsorb at the interfaces synergistically, lowering the equilibrium surface tension at surfactant concentrations well below the critical micelle concentration (cmc) of the surfactant. We studied the stability of foams formulated with the complexes as a function of pH. The foams respond reversibly to pH changes: at pH 3.5, they are very stable; at pH > 6, the complexes do not form foams at all. The data presented here demonstrate that foam formation and its pH responsiveness are due to interfacial dynamics.

The Chorionic Plastron and its Role in the Eggs of the Muscinae (Diptera)

1960 ◽  
Vol s3-101 (55) ◽  
pp. 313-332
Author(s):  
H. E. HINTON
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Great Resistance ◽  
Plane Normal ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Egg Shell

In flies of the subfamily Muscinae the egg-shell has both an outer and an inner meshwork layer, each of which holds a continuous film of air. Between these two meshwork layers there is a more or less thick middle layer to which the shell chiefly owes its mechanical strength. Holes or aeropyles through the middle layer effect the continuity of the outer and inner films of air. Both meshwork layers consist of struts that arise perpendicularly from the middle layer. In both layers the struts are branched at their apices in a plane normal to their long axes. These horizontal branches form a fine and open hydrofuge network that provides a large water-air interface when the egg is immersed. When it rains or when the egg is otherwise immersed in water, the film of air held in the outer meshwork layer of the shell funtions as a plastron. To be an efficient respiratory structure a plastron must resist wetting by both the hydrostatic pressures and the surface active materials to which it is normally exposed. The plastrons of all the Muscinae tested resist wetting in clean water by pressures far in excess of any they are likely to encounter in nature. The resistance of a plastron to hydrostatic pressures varies directly as the surface tension of the water, and the surface tension of water in contact with the decomposing materials in which the Muscinae lay their eggs is much lowered by surface active materials. These considerations seem to provide an explanation for the great resistance of the plastron of the Muscinae to wetting by excess pressures and for the paradox that the plastrons of these terrestrial eggs are more resistant to high pressures than are the plastrons of some aquatic insects that live in clean water.

scholarly journals Properties of the seawater-air interface. Dynamic surface tension studies1

1979 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1022-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dj. Dragcevic ◽  
M. Vukovic ◽  
D. Cukman ◽  
V. Pravdic
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Dynamic Surface Tension ◽  
Dynamic Surface ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
Interface Dynamic

scholarly journals Succinic acid in aqueous solution: connecting microscopic surface composition and macroscopic surface tension

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (39) ◽  
pp. 21486-21495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephina Werner ◽  
Jan Julin ◽  
Maryam Dalirian ◽  
Nønne L. Prisle ◽  
Gunnar Öhrwall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Md Simulations ◽  
Vapor Interface ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Microscopic Surface

The water–vapor interface of aqueous solutions of succinic acid, where pH values and bulk concentrations were varied, has been studied using surface sensitive X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.

Local structure at a ferrofluid surface: chain-like aggregates revealed by non-specular X-ray reflection

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Takahashi ◽  
N. Tanaka ◽  
S. Doi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Local Structure ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Capillary Waves ◽  
Aggregation Kinetics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Surface Fluctuations ◽  
Irreversible Aggregation ◽  
A Chain

The surface structure of a ferrofluid was investigated by means of non-specular X-ray reflection. Strong intensity that is impossible to explain by surface fluctuations due to capillary waves was observed. It can be related to lateral correlation within aggregates of super-paramagnetic fine particles in the vicinity of the specimen surface. The fractal dimension of these surface-induced aggregates and the surface-tension coefficient of the ferrofluid were simultaneously determined. The fractal dimension was found to be around 1.1, indicating a chain-like character of the aggregates that have few branches. Strong and anisotropic interaction among the particles, as well as irreversible aggregation kinetics must be the origin of such a high-density and low-fractal-dimension system of dipolar 10 nm sized particles. The temperature variation of the fractal dimension indicated that the fractal aggregates stabilize themselves by losing their branches at increasing temperatures.

Polyampholyte/Surfactant Complexes at the Water–Air Interface: A Surface Tension Study

Langmuir ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (25) ◽  
pp. 7600-7606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mabya Fechner ◽  
Joachim Koetz
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
Surface Tension Study

scholarly journals Determination of the full deformation tensor by multi-Bragg fast scanning nano X-ray diffraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Andreas Johannes ◽  
Jura Rensberg ◽  
Tilman A. Grünewald ◽  
Philipp Schöppe ◽  
Maurizio Ritzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Deformation Tensor ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Projected Area ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Grown Single Crystal

This work showcases a method to map the full deformation tensor in a single micro-sized crystal. It is shown that measuring the position of two Bragg reflections in reciprocal space is sufficient to obtain the full deformation tensor, if the condition of incompressibility of the material is imposed. This method is used to reveal the surface tension induced deformation at the edges of an as-grown single-crystal VO2 microwire. All components of the deformation tensor of the microwire were measured down to an absolute value of 10−4 in an 8 × 14 µm projected area of the wire. With a beam-defined spatial resolution of 150 × 150 nm, the measurement time was merely 2.5 h.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document