Effects of 6-Month Multivitamin Supplementation on Serum Concentrations of alpha-Tocopherol, beta-Carotene, and Vitamin C in Healthy Elderly Women

2004 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolters ◽  
Hermann ◽  
Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Multivitamin Supplementation ◽  
Healthy Elderly

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with nutritional doses of antioxidant nutrients on the serum concentrations of ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol, and beta-carotene in healthy elderly women. Methods: The study was performed as a randomized placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. Two hundred forty-one free-living, healthy women aged 60 years and older were recruited by newspaper advertisement in Hanover, Germany and its environs. As 21 women dropped out, data of 220 women (aged 60–91 years, median 63 years) were included in this evaluation. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either a multivitamin/mineral or placebo capsule with identical appearance for six months containing 36 mg vitamin E, 150 mg vitamin C, and 9 mg beta-carotene. Serum concentrations of vitamin C, alpha-tocopherol, and beta-carotene were measured initially and after six months of supplementation. Data were analyzed with the SPSS 10.0 program. Results: Median serum concentrations of alpha-carotene and vitamin E increased significantly in the supplemented group (p = 0.000), whereas no significant modifications were observed in the placebo group. Median vitamin C concentration of the supplemented group did not differ from baseline after intervention, but that of the placebo group was significantly decreased after six months (p = 0.000). In comparison to estimated desirable serum concentrations of > 30 mumol/L vitamin E, 50 mumol/L vitamin C, and > 0.4 mumol/l beta-carotene at baseline, lower concentrations were found in 21.1%, 6.9%, and 1.0% of all subjects, respectively. After supplementation none of the members of the supplemented group had tocopherol concentrations below 30 mumol/L and only one woman of the supplemented group had a serum beta-carotene concentration below 0.4 mumol/L. The change in serum concentrations of vitamin C and E in the supplemented group depended on the status at baseline. Conclusion: A six-month supplementation with physiological doses of antioxidant vitamins improves the blood concentration of these nutrients even in relatively well-nourished elderly women or, as seen for vitamin C, prevents reduction of serum concentrations. Prevalence of suboptimal serum concentrations can be reduced.

scholarly journals Vitamin E supplementation may transiently increase tuberculosis risk in males who smoke heavily and have high dietary vitamin C intake – comments by Hernández-Garduño

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Hernández-Garduño
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Prevention Study ◽  
Tuberculosis Risk ◽  
Heavy Smokers ◽  
Vitamin E Supplementation

Hemilä & Kaprio(1) found a 72 % increase in the risk of tuberculosis (TB) in males taking vitamin E supplements and having high dietary vitamin C intake; the effect was restricted to heavy smokers as part of the Alpha-Tocopherol Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study.

Plasma Ubiquinone Status and Response to Six-Month Supplementation Combined with Multivitamins in Healthy Elderly Women – Results of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolters ◽  
Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Plasma Selenium ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Double Blind Design

The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum coenzyme Q10 concentrations of healthy elderly women before and after supplementation with coenzyme Q10 combined with multivitamins, selenium, and magnesium. In a randomized double-blind design, 220 free-living women aged 60 years and older were included. Median serum coenzyme Q10 concentration at baseline was 0.99 mumol/L (5–95 percentiles: 0.54–1.68) and cholesterol adjusted concentration was 0.16 (5–95 percentiles: 0.09–0.26) mmol/mol cholesterol. No significant correlations were found between Q10 levels and body mass index (BMI) or age. Q10 concentrations were not significantly different between smoking and nonsmoking women, nor between women with statin therapy and without. Furthermore no differences were seen between hyperlipidemic and normolipidemic subjects. Cholesterol-adjusted Q10 levels were positively correlated to lipid-adjusted serum tocopherol levels and negatively associated to serum beta-carotene. No significant correlation existed between adjusted Q10 levels and plasma selenium. Results of the food diaries showed a significant but weak correlation to meat and meat products and to alcohol intake. At baseline, Q10 levels did not differ between supplemented and control group. After six months, adjusted serum concentrations of the supplemented and the control group were significantly increased by 106% and 31%, respectively. In the supplemented group the change was inversely associated with the baseline concentration. A six-month supplementation with coenzyme Q10, vitamins, and selenium raises the blood concentration of coenzyme Q10 even in relatively well-nourished elderly women.

scholarly journals Effects of Vitamin E and Vitamin C on Mercury Induced Toxicity in Mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Huq ◽  
MA Awal ◽  
M Mostofa ◽  
A Ghosh ◽  
AR Das
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Group B ◽  
Vitamin E And C

The present study was undertaken to find out the efficacy of vitamin E and/or vitamin C against mercury (Hg) induced toxicity in mice. Sixty mice were randomly divided into 5 equal groups (n=12). One group of mice (Group A) was kept as control and each of rest four groups (B, C, D and E) were fed with mercuric chloride (HgCl2) in drinking water @ 65 mg/L. In addition to HgCl2 alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) @ 100 mg/L, ascorbic acid (vitamin C) @ 250 mg/L and combination of vitamin E and vitamin C at same dose were given to the mice of groups C, D and E respectively. All treatments were continued for 28 consecutive days. Four mice of each group were sacrificed on day 1, 14 and 28 and efficacy of vitamin E and vitamin C against Hg induced toxicity were evaluated by observing toxic signs, body weight, hemato-biochemical parameters and postmortem lesions. Mild (++) toxic signs as evident by reduced feed and water intake, salivation, vomiting, excitement, muscle tremor, ataxia, restlessness, incordination and ruffled hair coat were observed from 2nd week (group B) and from 3rd week (group C and D) by intoxication with HgCl2. Significant (P<0.01) reduction of body weight (18.38%) and hematological parameters i.e. TEC (19.88%), TLC (27.89%), Hb content (34.09%) and PCV (9.15%) were observed at day 28 in HgCl2 induced intoxicated mice (group B). At identical period in same group biochemical parameters i.e. AST (46.99%) and ALT (58.72%) increased significantly (p<0.01). Pinpoint hemorrhages throughout the liver and highly (++++) congested kidney was also observed at post mortem (group B). All the parameters i.e. toxic signs, body weight, hemato-biochemical and post mortem lesions were found to be slight (+) or mild (++) and/or improved in rest three groups of mice following treatment with vitamin E, vitamin C and combination of vitamin E and vitamin C. The present study reveals that vitamin E and C have a protective role against Hg poisoning. However, combination of vitamin E and C gave better results.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i2.16949 Progress. Agric. 19(2): 93 - 100, 2008

scholarly journals Antigoitrogenic effect of combined supplementation with dl-alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and beta-carotene and of dl-alpha-tocopherol alone in the rat

1998 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
JF Mutaku ◽  
MC Many ◽  
I Colin ◽  
JF Denef ◽  
MF van den Hove
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Free Radical Scavengers ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The effects of the vitamins dl-alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and beta-carotene, free radical scavengers and lipid peroxidation inhibitors, were analyzed in male Wistar rats made goitrous by feeding a low iodine diet (< 20 micrograms iodine/kg) and perchlorate (1% in drinking water) for 4, 8, 16, and 32 days. Groups of control or goitrous rats received for at least 16 days before killing a diet containing 0.6% vitamin E (as dl-alpha-tocopherol acetate), 1.2% vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and 0.48% beta-carotene, either simultaneously (vitamin cocktail) or separately. This treatment led to a 5-fold increase of vitamin E in the thyroid gland, a 24-fold increase in the liver and a 3-fold increase in the plasma. In control rats, vitamin cocktail administration increased slightly the thyroid weight with little changes in thyroid function parameters. During iodine deficiency, administration of the vitamin cocktail or vitamin E alone reduced significantly the rate of increase in thyroid weight, and DNA and protein contents, as well as the proportion of [3H]thymidine labeled thyroid follicular cells, but not that of labeled endothelial cells. Plasma tri-iodothyronine, thyroxine, TSH levels, thyroid iodine content and concentration as well as relative volumes of glandular compartments were not modified. The proportion of necrotic cells rose from 0.5% in normal animals to about 2% after 16 days of goiter development. No significant protective effect of the vitamins was observed. These results suggest that these vitamins, particularly vitamin E, modulate one of the regulatory cascades involved in the control of thyroid follicular cell growth, without interfering with the proliferation of endothelial cells.

scholarly journals Serum Levels of Alpha-Tocopherol, Vitamin C, Beta-Carotene, and Retinol in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3025-3029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salih Emri ◽  
Saadettin Kilickap ◽  
Cem Kadilar ◽  
Meltem Gulhan Halil ◽  
Hadi Akay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma

scholarly journals Variegate porphyria induces plasma and neutrophil oxidative stress: effects of dietary supplementation with vitamins E and C

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel D. Ferrer ◽  
Pedro Tauler ◽  
Antoni Sureda ◽  
Clara Palacín ◽  
Josep A. Tur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Variegate Porphyria ◽  
Vitamins E And C

Our aim was to analyse the influence of variegate porphyria (VP) on the antioxidant defenses and markers of oxidative damage and inflammation in plasma and neutrophils and the effects of dietary supplementation with vitamins E and C on these parameters in plasma, neutrophils and erythrocytes. Twelve women affected by VP and twelve pair-matched healthy control women participated in a double-blind crossover study. Each participant took 50 mg/d of vitamin E and 150 mg/d of vitamin C, or a placebo, for 6 months, by consuming an almond-based beverage as the vehicle. Women affected by VP presented higher C-reactive protein and malondialdehyde (MDA) circulating levels. Plasma antioxidant defenses were not different between porphyric and control women. Neutrophils from VP women presented decreased catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities together with increased protein carbonyl levels. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production from stimulated neutrophils was also higher in porphyric women than their controls. Dietary supplementation was effective in increasing α-tocopherol levels in neutrophils and in reducing MDA levels in plasma. Erythrocyte CAT and GR activities were enhanced by the enriched beverage only in the control subjects. In conclusion, women affected by VP present a situation of inflammation, plasma oxidative damage and neutrophils more primed to the oxidative burst, with decreased antioxidant activities and increased ROS production capabilities and protein oxidative damage. Dietary supplementation with vitamin E (50 mg/d) and vitamin C (150 mg/d) for 6 months decreased plasma oxidative damage and enhanced the erythrocyte activities of CAT and GR.

Changes in Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, beta-carotene, Vitamins C, A, D and E Status of French Elderly Subjects during the First Year of Institutionalization

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne Chantal Essama-Tjani ◽  
Jean-Claude Guilland ◽  
Françoise Fuchs ◽  
Marie Lombard ◽  
Dominique Richard
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Activity Coefficient ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Serum Retinol

Vitamin status was assessed in 26 recently institutionalized elderly subjects by combining dietary and biochemical measurements of thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, beta-carotene, vitamins C, A, D and E at admission (P1), and 1.5 (P2), 3.0 (P3), 4.5 (P4), 6.0 (P5), 12 (P6) months later. At admission, except for vitamin A, mean vitamin intakes were lower than the 1992 French Recommended Dietary Allowance. Thiamin, vitamins C, A and E status seemed nearly satisfactory as less than one-fourth of the population sample had blood values lower than the cut-off point for thiamin (erythrocyte thiamin pyrophosphate < 0.17 mumol/l), vitamin A (serum retinol < 1.05 mumol/l), vitamin C (serum vitamin C < 11.3 mumol/l) and vitamin E (serum alpha-tocopherol < 9.3 mumol/l) or higher than the cut-off point for thiamin (erythrocyte transketolase activity coefficient > 1.19). Almost half of the subjects for riboflavin, and almost all non supplemented subjects for vitamin D were in risk of vitamin deficiency (46% had an erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity coefficient > 1.19 and 72% had a plasma 25(OH)D3 < 25 nmol/l). During the study, vitamins status remained unchanged for riboflavin, niacin, vitamins A, D and E, improved for vitamin C (P = 0.004) or impaired for thiamin (P = 0.008). Thus, institutionalization seemed to have no effect on riboflavin, niacin, vitamins A, D and E status and a slight effect on thiamin and vitamin C status.

Effects of Antioxidant Supplementation on Exercise Performance in Acute Normobaric Hypoxia

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Mariacher ◽  
Hannes Gatterer ◽  
Joachim Greilberger ◽  
Radoslav Djukic ◽  
Michaela Greilberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Cycling Performance ◽  
Normobaric Hypoxia ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation

Background/Objectives:To compare the effects of a 3-week supplementation between two different mixtures of antioxidants and placebo on aerobic exercise performance in acute normobaric hypoxia.Subjects/Methods:Seventeen subjects were randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion to receive a broad-based antioxidants supplement containing beta-carotene, ascorbic acid, d-alpha-tocopherol-succinate, N-acetylcysteine, riboflavin, zinc, and selenium (antioxidant capsule group [AO group]), or a combination of alpha-ketoglutaric acid (α-KG) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF; CYL concentrate supplementation group [CS group]), or placebo (PL group). Before and after supplementation, subjects performed two incremental cycle-exercise tests until exhaustion. The first test was conducted under normoxic conditions (LA, FiO2 of 20.9%, ~547 m) and the second after the 3-week supplementation period under normobaric hypoxic conditions (AHA, FiO2 of 12.9%, ~4300m).Results:In CS peak cycling performance (peak power) declined from LA to AHA 7.3% (90% CI: 2.2–12.4) less compared with PL (p = .04) and 6.7% (90%CI: 3.2–10.2) less compared with AO (p = .03). Better maintenance of aerobic exercise capacity in CS was associated with an attenuated reduction in maximal heart rate in hypoxia.Conclusions:Aerobic exercise performance was less impaired in acute normobaric hypoxia after 3 weeks with supplementation of α-KG and 5-HMF compared with a broad-based antioxidants supplement or PL.

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