Serotonergic Genes and Suicidality

Crisis ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisheng Du ◽  
Gabor Faludi ◽  
Miklos Palkovits ◽  
David Bakish ◽  
Pavel D. Hrdina
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Tryptophan Hydroxylase ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serotonergic Activity ◽  
Completed Suicide

Summary: Several lines of evidence indicate that abnormalities in the functioning of the central serotonergic system are involved in the pathogenesis of depressive illness and suicidal behavior. Studies have shown that the number of brain and platelet serotonin transporter binding sites are reduced in patients with depression and in suicide victims, and that the density of 5-HT2A receptors is increased in brain regions of depressed in suicide victims and in platelets of depressed suicidal patients. Genes that code for proteins, such as tryptophan hydroxylase, 5-HT transporter, and 5-HT2A receptor, involved in regulating serotonergic neurotransmission, have thus been major candidate genes for association studies of suicide and suicidal behavior. Recent studies by our group and by others have shown that genetic variations in the serotonin-system-related genes might be associated with suicidal ideation and completed suicide. We have shown that the 102 C allele in 5-HT2A receptor gene was significantly associated with suicidal ideation (χ2 = 8.5, p < .005) in depressed patients. Patients with a 102 C/C genotype had a significantly higher mean HAMD item #3 score (indication of suicidal ideation) than T/C or T/T genotype patients. Our results suggest that the 102T/C polymorphism in 5-HT2A receptor gene is primarily associated with suicidal ideation in patients with major depression and not with depression itself. We also found that the 5-HT transporter gene S/L polymorphism was significantly associated with completed suicide. The frequency of the L/L genotype in depressed suicide victims was almost double of that found in control group (48.6% vs. 26.2%). The odds ratio for the L allele was 2.1 (95% CI 1.2-3.7). The association between polymorphism in serotonergic genes and suicidality supports the hypothesis that genetic factors can modulate suicide risk by influencing serotonergic activity.

1267Relationship between polymorphism of ADRA2B gene and primary cardiac conduction disorders

EP Europace ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Chernova ◽  
S Nikulina ◽  
V Shulman ◽  
M Voevoda ◽  
V Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Association Studies ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Rare Allele ◽  
Molecular Networks ◽  
Cardiac Conduction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Clinical Genetic

Abstract Background Cardiac conduction system (CCS) disease resulting in disrupted conduction and impaired cardiac rhythm is common with significant morbidity and mortality. Current treatment options are limited and rational efforts to develop cell-based and regenerative therapies require knowledge in molecular networks that establish and maintain CCS function. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous loci associated with adult human CCS function, including ADRA2B.   Materials and methods A family examination was performed for 71 patients with atrioventricular block (AVB). The control group was formed by 657 patients without clinical ECG manifestations of cardiac diseases. All the examinees underwent ECG, echocardioscopy, electrophysiological examination of the heart.  Results by results of research, it has been established that the frequency of carriers of a homozygous genotype on rare allele (DD) among patients with AVB (43.7%±5.9) was higher in comparison with the controls (16%±1.4). The obvious tendency to decrease in carriers of a heterozygous genotype (ID) among patients with AVB (23.9%±5.1) in comparison with the control group (51.1%±2.0) has also been noted.  Conclusions  In this work, we revealed association between hereditary disturbances of cardiac conduction and polymorphism of 2-adrenergic receptor gene using clinical - genetic material for the first time. Genotypes: AVB (n = 71) Control group (n = 657) р n %±m n %±m II 23 32,4 ± 5,6 216 32,9 ± 1,8 р&gt;0,05 ID 17 23,9 ± 5,1 336 51,1 ± 2,0 р&lt;0,001 DD 31 43,7 ± 5,9 105 16 ± 1,4 р&lt;0,001 Allels: Allel I 63 32,9 ± 1,8 768 58,4 ± 1,4 р&lt;0,001 Allels D 79 51,1 ± 2,0 546 41,6 ± 1,4 р&lt;0,001 ОR; 95% CI OR 1,764;1,244-2,5 Genotype II 23 32,4 ± 5,6 216 32,9 ± 1,8 р&gt;0,05 Genotypes ID + DD 48 67,6 ± 5,6 441 67,1 ± 1,8 р&gt;0,05 ОR; 95% CI OR 0,978;0,58-1,65

Outcome of Suicidal Ideation and Behavior in a Young, Help-Seeking Population over a 2-Year Period

Crisis ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.M. Cosgrave ◽  
J. Robinson ◽  
K.A. Godfrey ◽  
H.P. Yuen ◽  
E.J. Killackey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
Axis I ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Levels Of Functioning

Abstract. Suicidal behavior is associated with negative outcomes, including completed suicide. This study examined the prevalence of suicidal behavior in a sample of referrals to a youth psychiatric service and investigated the stability of suicidality over 2 years. Of the 140 people (mean age 17.8) who were referred to a youth psychiatric service, 82 who were accepted for treatment (RA group) and 58 who were not accepted (RNA group) were assessed; 57% reported considering suicide and 39% reported attempting suicide in the 12 months prior to referral. Participants who reported suicidal ideation were significantly more likely than nonsuicidal participants to have multiple Axis I diagnoses and lower levels of functioning. At the 2-year follow-up there was a significant reduction in suicidality in the RA group, but not in the RNA group. In conclusion, suicidality is prevalent among young people referred to psychiatric services. Even brief contact with services results in a reduction in suicidality over 2 years.

Depression and Suicide in Early Onset Schizophrenia

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 2012-2012
Author(s):  
G. Zalsman
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Actual Suicide ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

PurposeSuicide is a major cause of death in adolescents with first-episode schizophrenia (FES). We compared suicide-related traits between subjects with FES and with other psychopathologies in order to evaluate risk factors for suicidal behavior.Subjects and methodsTwenty-five inpatient adolescents with FES and a control group of 28 psychiatric inpatients matched for gender and age were assessed for depression, anger, criminal behavior, aggression, and suicidal ideation, risk and potential.ResultsThe adolescents with FES had significantly lower depression (p=0.003) anger (p=0.025) and criminal behavior (p=0.022) than did the controls. However, while suicide ideation was greater in the subjects with FES (p=0.003), suicide risk was significantly lower than controls (p=0.004).DiscussionDecreased levels of both depression and anger as part of affective constriction in the schizophrenia group could explain why the increased suicide ideation did not lead to a higher suicide risk in these inpatients.ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of distinguishing between suicidal ideation and actual suicide risk. We demonstrated that thoughts of suicide do not necessarily translate into an actual risk of suicidal behavior in adolescents with schizophrenia.

scholarly journals T171. HIGH POLYGENIC BURDEN IS ASSOCIATED WITH BLOOD DNA METHYLATION CHANGES IN INDIVIDUALS WITH SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S296-S297
Author(s):  
Brenda Cabrera ◽  
José Jaime Martínez-Magaña ◽  
Alma Delia Genis Mendoza ◽  
Emmanuel Sarmiento ◽  
David Ruíz-Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Discovery Sample ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
Target Sample ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Genetic Burden

Abstract Background Suicidal behavior may be divided into completed suicide, suicide attempts, and suicidal ideation. It has been suggested that these behaviors represent a continuum and result from the interaction of several contributors, including genetic and environmental factors. The integration of approaches considering the polygenic component of suicidal behavior, such as polygenic risk scores (PRS) and DNA methylation is promising for improving our understanding of the complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors in this behavior. The aim of this study was the evaluation of DNA methylation differences between individuals with high and low genetic burden for suicidality. Methods The present study was divided into two phases. In the first phase, genotyping with the Psycharray chip was performed in a discovery sample of 568 Mexican individuals, of which 149 had suicidal behavior (64 individuals with suicidal ideation, 50 with suicide attempt and 35 with completed suicide) and 419 non-suicide controls. Then, a PRS analysis based on summary statistics from the Psychiatric Genomic Consortium was performed in the discovery sample. In a second phase, we evaluated DNA methylation differences between individuals with high and low genetic burden for suicidality in a sub-sample of the discovery sample (target sample) of 94 subjects. Methylation profile from individuals in the target sample was assessed with the Illumina Infinium Human Methylation EPIC BeadChip. Results We identified 153 differentially methylated sites between individuals with low and high-PRS. From these, 91 sites were hypermethylated and 62 hypomethylated in the high PRS group relative to low PRS group. Among genes mapped to differentially methylated sites, we found genes involved in neurodevelopment and ATP binding. Discussion To our knowledge, this is the first study integrating polygenic risk scores and DNA methylation in suicidality. Our results suggest that genetic variants might increase the predisposition to epigenetic variations in genes involved in neurodevelopment. This study highlights the possible implication of polygenic burden in the alteration of epigenetic changes in suicidal behavior.

Menstruation and Suicide: An Exploratory Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 430-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Dogra ◽  
Antoon A. Leenaars ◽  
Ravi Raintji ◽  
Sanjeev Lalwani ◽  
Shalini Girdhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
India Institute ◽  
Control Group ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
The Relationship

Previous research has reported mixed findings on the effect of the menstrual cycle on suicidal behavior. The contribution of menstruation to completed suicide is also controversial, though the studies are very limited and have not been carefully designed. To explore the relationship, 217 autopsies on completed suicides were performed, matched to a control group at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences in New Delhi. The results show that 54.46% of people who died by suicide were menstruating (results excluded pregnancies), compared to 6.75% of the control group. Menstruation in those who completed suicide, compared to a control group, appeared to have an association with suicide. More research is warranted.

Dissociation and Acquired Capability as Facilitators of Suicide Ideation Among Soldiers

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 388-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea Shelef ◽  
Yossi Levi-Belz ◽  
Eyal Fruchter
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dramatic Rise ◽  
The Military

Background: The phenomenon of suicide and suicidal behaviors during military service is universal, with a recent dramatic rise in some armies. Aims: The aim of this study was to shed light on the role of dissociation and habituation as facilitators of suicidal behavior, beyond other well-established risk factors of stress, such as depression and hopelessness. Method: The study group included 167 soldiers, aged 18–21 years divided into three research groups: soldiers who made suicide attempts, soldiers who were psychologically treated, and a control group of soldiers having no history of mental health treatment. All subjects completed a suicide ideation scale and instruments measuring stress, mental pain, bodily dissociation, and habituation. Results: Suicide attempters had higher levels of subjective stress as well as depression and hopelessness compared with the psychologically treated and control groups. Using regression analysis, suicide facilitators of dissociation and habituation explained a significant proportion of the suicidal ideation variance, above and beyond the contribution of stress, depression, and hopelessness. A combined effect of stress and facilitating factors amplifies the level of suicidal ideation among soldiers. Conclusion: Identifying psychological facilitators of suicide-like dissociation and habituation may contribute to understanding suicidal behavior in soldiers and assist in developing effective suicide-prevention initiatives in the military setting.

scholarly journals Polymorphisms of serotonin transporter gene and psychological status in patients with multiple sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirin Farjadian ◽  
Bahareh Fakhraei ◽  
Zahra Niknam ◽  
Mahboubeh Nasiri ◽  
Aslan Azad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Tryptophan Hydroxylase ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Functional Brain Imaging ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Neuroinflammatory Disease ◽  
Depression Status

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common neuroinflammatory disease in young adults. Anxiety and depression may predispose individuals to MS and flare-ups. Serotonin transmission is modified in some brain regions of patients with MS, and these changes may contribute to their psychiatric abnormalities. We studied the frequencies of common polymorphisms of the serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT) gene in patients with MS according to their psychological status. Methods: The 5-HTTLPR, rs25531, and STin2VNTR polymorphisms of the SERT gene were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods in 100 patients with MS and 100 healthy controls. Results: There were no remarkable differences in SERT gene polymorphisms between patients with MS and healthy controls. Unlike the control group, 41% of the patients showed some degree of depression based on Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), but no association was observed between SERT gene polymorphisms after the patients were stratified by depression status. Conclusion: In addition to SERT gene  polymorphisms, modulation of serotonin at the synapses may also be regulated by genetic variations in tryptophan hydroxylase type 2 and serotonin receptors. Further studies with functional brain imaging of the serotonergic system in patients with MS can provide information on the role of serotonin in this disease.

The role of serotonin in adolescent suicide: theoretical, methodological, and clinical concerns

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Dolores Picouto ◽  
Francisco Villar ◽  
María Dolores Braquehais
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Biological Marker ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Introduction: Adolescent suicide is a complex phenomenon that has similarities and differences with adult suicidal behavior. Serotonergic (5-HT) dysfunction has extensively been studied in adults and has been postulated as a biological marker for suicide. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive review of the studies available in MEDLINE from January 1998 until January 2014 on the role of “serotonin” both in adults’ and adolescents’ “completed suicide”, “suicide attempts”, and “suicidal ideation”. Results: Studies on 5-HT conducted in adults and replicated in adolescents have yielded inconsistent results. Although some genes related to the serotonergic system have been associated with an increased risk of suicide, attempts to reproduce those findings have been unsuccessful and a common genetic variant associated to suicidal behavior has yet to be identified. Discussion: Studies on the neurobiology of adolescent suicide should consider the biological specificities of this life stage and of gender differences during this period. Future research designs should also try to integrate findings in the psychological and biological domains. Prospective studies may help understand the process that leads from suicidal ideation to suicide attempts or completed suicides in this population.

National Differences in Intelligence and Population Rates of Suicidal Ideation, Suicide Plans, and Attempted Suicide

2007 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Voracek
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Close Correspondence ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
Ecological Correlation ◽  
Cross National

Population rates of suicidal ideation, suicide plans or attempted suicide from three independent multinational epidemiological surveys (the WHO/EURO and WHO SUPRE-MISS studies and a third one) were not significantly associated with national IQ figures. This result conflicts with previous evidence from cross-national studies (by Lester and by Voracek) of a positive ecological correlation between level of national intelligence and rates of completed suicide. Across nations, the indicators for the prevalence of suicidal behavior also lacked close correspondence with suicide rates, which may be due to the higher unreliability of assessing covert suicidal behavior (suicide ideas, thoughts, plans, and, to a lesser extent, also suicide attempts) as compared to suicidal behavior that is indisputably overt (completed suicide). Several alternative explanations for the current nil findings are also discussed.

Suicidal Behavior in Swiss Students: An 18-Month Follow-up Survey

Crisis ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Buddeberg ◽  
Barbara Buddeberg-Fischer ◽  
Gabriela Gnam ◽  
Jürg Schmid ◽  
Stephan Christen
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Mental Impairment ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
Psychological Disturbances ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Abuse

Suicidal behavior and its relationship with other mental disturbances was assessed in an epidemiological study of 1937 Swiss adolescents aged 14 to 19 years. During the most recent 12 months, 27.5% of the females and 16.1%of the males reported suicidal ideation, while 3.3% of the girls and 1.0% of the boys reported suicidal ideation. Suicidality was significantly correlated with physical and mental impairment, alcohol and drug abuse. Of the total epidemiological sample, 475 students (24.5%) were reassessed 12 and 18 months later. Of this follow-up sample, 37 females (12.4%) and 10 males (5.6%) described suicidal ideation as a continuing problem. They revealed significantly more psychiatric symptoms than nonpersistent ideators. Three girls (1.0%) and one boy (0.6%) reported suicide attempts during the follow-up period of 18 months. Only one out of six of the ideators of both sexes received psychiatric treatment. The findings indicate that transient suicidal ideation is common in adolescents. Persistent suicidal behavior appears to be a sign of severe social and psychological disturbances and is associated with serious physical and mental impairment. There is a high risk of completed suicide for youths who demonstrate persistent suicidal ideation, and far more substantial prevention efforts should be designed and implemented to address the circumstances of these youths.

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