Police Referral to Victim Support

Crisis ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frans Willem Winkel ◽  
Tamar Wohlfarth ◽  
Eric Blaauw
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
External Support ◽  
Victim Support ◽  
The Right

One of the basic rights of crime victims granted under victim-orientated legislation introduced during the last 20 years in more than 100 countries worldwide is the right to be referred to victim support by the police. The under-utilization of psychological services by crime victims who are objectively in need of external support is substantial. Current legal procedures tend to perpetuate this unwanted condition. Programs aimed at the early detection and prevention of persistent postvictimization distress are more in line with the ideals of therapeutic jurisprudence. The RISK (10) screening instrument, which was specifically developed to be administered by police officers, may provide a basis for early detection. RISK (10) consists of a selection of 10 Risk factors with prior empirical evidence and theoretical significance. The focus of the present study was to examine the predictive and diagnostic power of RISK (10) components to detect persistent future psychological distress, among other things, in terms of Adjustment Disorder. Analyses were based on a sample of 93 crime victims who participated in the police and (3 months) follow-up parts of the study. Findings provided initial validation for the predictive accuracy of most RISK (10) components, and confirm the diagnostic value (in terms of specificity, sensitivity, positive and negative predictive power) of risk factors, such as engaging in character attributions, upward comparison processes, fatalistic appraisals of the episode, and the initial reporting of expected deficiencies in social support. The clinical utility of RISK (10) for early detection in police stations is confirmed.

Study the value of lung low dose computed tomography in early detection the malignant pulmonary nodule

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Ha Hoang ◽  
Tien Doan Dung ◽  
Khoan Le Trong
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Pulmonary Nodule ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Solitary Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Right

Background: Early diagnosis of the malignant pulmonary nodules plays an important role in decreasing the mortality, increasing the lifetime and considering as early detection of lung cancer. Objectives: To describe the characteristics and diagnostic value of the malignant suspected signs of pulmonary nodule. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study on 33 patients with localized pulmonary nodule which has indications of biopsy or surgery at Hospital of Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy from 05/2017 to 08/2018. Results: A majority of pulmonary nodules were found in the right upper lobe with 42.4%; solitary pulmonary nodules made up the majority of 75.8%. (Nodules > 21.5 mm: 57.6%; nodules ≤ 21.5 mm: 42.4%; solid nodules: 97% and mixed nodules: 3%, round shape: 42.4% and polygons: 57.6%; irregular margin: 78.8%; regular margin: 21.2%; eccentric and stippled calcification: 18.2%; non-calcification: 81.8%; air-bronchogram in nodules: 39.4%; air-bronchogram (-): 60.6%; fat containing pulmonary nodules: 6.1%, malignant and benign confirmed by biopsy: 39.3% and 60.7% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of features included size > 21.5 mm; air-bronchogram in nodules, polygons for malignant nodules diagnosis are 81.6%; 92.3%; 76.9% and 60%, 65%, 85% respectively. Conclusions: Three features of nodules: Size ≥ 21.5 mm; air-bronchogram and polygons are suggestive malignant characteristics. The combination of two or more characteristics have the sensitive 92.3% and specific 80% Keywords: pulmonary nodule, thoracic computed tomography, lung cancer.

Correlation of Metabolic Risk Factors with Sessile Serrated Lesions

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-179
Author(s):  
Melania Macarie ◽  
Simona Bataga ◽  
Simona Mocan ◽  
Monica Pantea ◽  
Razvan Opaschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Interval Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Right Colon ◽  
Serrated Lesions ◽  
The Right

Background and Aims: The importance of sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) in the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma has been recently established. These are supposed to cause the so-called “interval cancer”, having a rapidly progressive growth and being difficult to detect and to obtain an endoscopic complete resection. We aimed to establish the most important metabolic risk factors for sessile serrated lesions. Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study, on a series of 2918 consecutive patients who underwent colonoscopy in Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, County Clinical Emergency Hospital, Târgu-Mureș, Romania between 1 st of January 2015-31 th of December 2017. In order to evaluate the metabolic risk factors for polyps’ development, enrolled participants were stratified in two groups, a study group, 33 patients with SSLs lesions, and a control group, 138 patients with adenomatous polyps, selected by systematic sampling for age and anatomical site. Independent variables investigated were: gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, arterial hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperuricemia, nonalcoholic liver disease. Results: For SSLs the most common encountered localization was the right colon in 30.55% of cases. By comparative bivariate analysis between SSLs group and control group, it was observed that hypertension (p=0.03, OR 2.33, 95 %CI 1.03-5.24), obesity (p=0.03, OR 2.61, 95 %CI 1.08-6.30), hyperuricemia (p=0.04, OR 2.72, 95 %CI 1.28-7.55), high cholesterol (p=0.002, OR 3.42; 95 %CI 1.48-7.87), and high triglycerides level (p=0.0006, OR 5.75; 95 %CI 1.92-17.2) were statistically associated with SSLs development. By multivariate analysis hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia retained statistical significance. Conclusions: Our study showed that the highest prevalence of SSLs was in the right colon and hypertension and increased triglycerides levels were associated with the risk of SSLs development. These risk factors are easy to detect in clinical practice and may help identifying groups with high risk for colorectal cancer, where screening is recommended.

scholarly journals Discovery and function exploration of microRNA-155 as a molecular biomarker for early detection of breast cancer

Breast Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuemin Liu ◽  
Qingyu Chang ◽  
Haiqiang Wang ◽  
Hairong Qian ◽  
Yikun Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarker ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Function Enrichment

Abstract Background MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) may function as a diagnostic biomarker of breast cancer (BC). Nevertheless, the available evidence is controversial. Therefore, we performed this study to summarize the global predicting role of miR-155 for early detection of BC and preliminarily explore the functional roles of miR-155 in BC. Methods We first collected published studies and applied the bivariate meta-analysis model to generate the pooled diagnostic parameters of miR-155 in diagnosing BC such as sensitivity, specificity and area under curve (AUC). Then, we applied function enrichment and protein–protein interactions (PPI) analyses to explore the potential mechanisms of miR-155. Results A total of 21 studies were finally included. The results indicated that miR-155 allowed for the discrimination between BC patients and healthy controls with a sensitivity of 0.87 (95% CI 0.78–0.93), specificity of 0.82 (0.72–0.89), and AUC of 0.91 (0.88–0.93). In addition, the overall sensitivity, specificity and AUC for circulating miR-155 were 0.88 (0.76–0.95), 0.83 (0.72–0.90), and 0.92 (0.89–0.94), respectively. Function enrichment analysis revealed several vital ontologies terms and pathways associated with BC occurrence and development. Furthermore, in the PPI network, ten hub genes and two significant modules were identified to be involved in some important pathways associated with the pathogenesis of BC. Conclusions We demonstrated that miR-155 has great potential to facilitate accurate BC detection and may serve as a promising diagnostic biomarker for BC. However, well-designed cohort studies and biological experiments should be implemented to confirm the diagnostic value of miR-155 before it can be applied to routine clinical procedures.

scholarly journals POS0586 RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IS AN INFLAMMATORY DISEASE WITH A HIGH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 526.1-526
Author(s):  
L. Nacef ◽  
H. Riahi ◽  
Y. Mabrouk ◽  
H. Ferjani ◽  
K. Maatallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Background:Hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia are traditional risk factors of cardiac events. Carotid ultrasonography is an available way to detect subclinical atherosclerosis.Objectives:This study aimed to compare the intima-media thickness in RA patients based on their personal cardiovascular (CV) history of hypertension (hypertension), diabetes, and dyslipidemia.Methods:The present study is a prospective study conducted on Tunisian RA patients in the rheumatology department of Mohamed Kassab University Hospital (March and December 2020). The characteristics of the patients and those of the disease were collected.The high-resolution B-mode carotid US measured the IMT, according to American Society of Echocardiography guidelines. The carotid bulb below its bifurcation and the internal and external carotid arteries were evaluated bilaterally with grayscale, spectral, and color Doppler ultrasonography using proprietary software for carotid artery measurements. IMT was measured using the two inner layers of the common carotid artery, and an increased IMT was defined as ≥0.9 mm. A Framingham score was calculated to predict the cardiovascular risk at 10-year.Results:Forty-seven patients were collected, 78.7% of whom were women. The mean age was 52.5 ±11.06 [32-76]. The rheumatoid factor (RF) was positive in 57.8% of cases, and anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA) were positive in 62.2% of cases. RA was erosive in 81.6% of cases. Hypertension (hypertension) was present in 14.9% of patients, diabetes in 12.8% of patients, and dyslipidemia in 12.8% of patients. Nine patients were active smokers. The mean IMT in the left common carotid (LCC) was 0.069 ±0.015, in the left internal carotid (LIC) was 0.069 ±0.015, in the left external carotid (LEC) was 0.060 ±0.023. The mean IMT was 0.068 ±0.01 in the right common carotid (RCC), 0.062 ±0.02 in the right internal carotid (RIC), and 0.060 ±0.016 in the right external carotid (REC). The IMT was significantly higher in the left common carotid (LCC) in patients with hypertension (p=0.025). There was no significant difference in the other ultrasound sites (LIC, LEC, RCC, RIC, and REC) according to the presence or absence of hypertension. The IMT was also significantly increased in patients with diabetes at LCC (p=0.017) and RIC (p=0.025). There was no significant difference in the IMT at different ultrasound sites between patients with and without dyslipidemia.Conclusion:Hypertension was significantly associated with the increase in IMT at the LCC level in RA patients. Diabetes had an impact on IMT in LCC and RIC. However, dyslipidemia did not affect the IMT at the different ultrasound sites.References:[1]S. Gunter and al. Arterial wave reflection and subclinical atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology 2018; 36: Clinical E.xperimental.[2]Aslan and al. Assessment of local carotid stiffness in seronegative and seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. SCANDINAVIAN CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL, 2017.[3]Martin I. Wah-Suarez and al, Carotid ultrasound findings in rheumatoid arthritis and control subjects: A case-control study. Int J Rheum Dis. 2018;1–7.[4]Gobbic C and al. Marcadores subclínicos de aterosclerosis y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en artritis temprana. Subclinical markers of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk factors in early arthritis marcadores subclínicos de aterosclerose e fatores de risco cardiovascular na artrite precoce.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

P2426Validating the diagnostic value of a machine learning algorithm for STEMI detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Mehta ◽  
R Botelho ◽  
F Fernandez ◽  
C Villagran ◽  
A Frauenfelder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Information ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background We have previously reported the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) guided EKG analysis for detection of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI). To demonstrate the diagnostic value of our algorithm, we compared AI predictions with reports that were confirmed as STEMI. Purpose To demonstrate the absolute proficiency of AI for detecting STEMI in a standard12-lead EKG. Methods An observational, retrospective, case-control study. Sample: 5,087 EKG records, including 2,543 confirmed STEMI cases obtained via feedback from health centers following appropriate patient management (thrombolysis, primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI), pharmacoinvasive therapy or coronary artery bypass surgery). Records excluded patient and medical information. The sample was derived from the International Telemedical Systems (ITMS) database. LUMENGT-AI Algorithm was employed. Preprocessing: detection of QRS complexes by wavelet system, segmentation of each EKG into individual heartbeats (53,667 total beats) with fixed window of 0.4s to the left and 0.9s to the right of main QRS; Classification: A 1-D convolutional neural network was implemented, “STEMI” and “Not-STEMI” classes were considered for each heartbeat, individual probabilities were aggregated to generate the final label for each record. Training & Testing: 90% and 10% of the sample were used, respectively. Experiments: Intel PC i7 8750H processor at 2.21GHz, 16GB RAM, Windows 10 OS with NVIDIA GTX 1070 GPU, 8GB RAM. Results The model yielded an accuracy of 97.2%, a sensitivity of 95.8%, and a specificity of 98.5%. Conclusion(s) Our AI-based algorithm can reliably diagnose STEMI and will preclude the role of a cardiologist for screening and diagnosis, especially in the pre-hospital setting.

scholarly journals Misplacement of left-sided double-lumen tubes into the right mainstem bronchus: incidence, risk factors and blind repositioning techniques

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Hwa Seo ◽  
Jun-Yeol Bae ◽  
Hyun Joo Kim ◽  
Deok Man Hong ◽  
Yunseok Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mainstem Bronchus ◽  
Double Lumen ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals Methylation as a critical epigenetic process during tumor progressions among Iranian population: an overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Akhlaghipour ◽  
Amir Reza Bina ◽  
Mohammad Reza Abbaszadegan ◽  
Meysam Moghbeli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Early Detection Of Cancer ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Genomic Changes ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Transcriptional Alterations

AbstractCancer is one of the main health challenges and leading causes of deaths in the world. Various environmental and genetic risk factors are associated with tumorigenesis. Epigenetic deregulations are also important risk factors during tumor progression which are reversible transcriptional alterations without any genomic changes. Various mechanisms are involved in epigenetic regulations such as DNA methylation, chromatin modifications, and noncoding RNAs. Cancer incidence and mortality have a growing trend during last decades among Iranian population which are significantly related to the late diagnosis. Therefore, it is required to prepare efficient molecular diagnostic panels for the early detection of cancer in this population. Promoter hyper methylation is frequently observed as an inhibitory molecular mechanism in various genes associated with DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis during tumor progression. Since aberrant promoter methylations have critical roles in early stages of neoplastic transformations, in present review we have summarized all of the aberrant methylations which have been reported during tumor progression among Iranian cancer patients. Aberrant promoter methylations are targetable and prepare novel therapeutic options for the personalized medicine in cancer patients. This review paves the way to introduce a non-invasive methylation specific panel of diagnostic markers for the early detection of cancer among Iranians.

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