scholarly journals On the Psychology of the Psychology Subject Pool

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Hashem Sadeghiyeh ◽  
Siyu Wang ◽  
Hannah M. Kyllo ◽  
Maxwell R. Alberhasky ◽  
Shlishaa Savita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Empathic Concern ◽  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Subject Pool

Abstract. Many psychology researches are performed through “psychology subject pools” which give participants considerable flexibility when they participate. This “participant degree-of-freedom” has led to concern that the characteristics of subject pool participants may change with time, with the most engaged students signing up at the start of the semester and the least engaged students leaving it all to the end. In this paper, we performed an exploratory analysis to look for evidence of this “good student effect.” Consistent with previous work, we find support for the good student effect with earlier participants scoring higher on the Big-Five subscales of Achievement-Striving and Cooperation, as well as Grit and Empathic-Concern. In addition, we found a non-linear effect of time-of-semester on Sensation-Seeking, with this measure peaking in the middle of the semester as well as the end. However, the vast majority of the measures we tested, including measures of personality, cognition, decision-making, and social interaction, did not correlate with time-of-semester or time-of-day at all. Thus, we conclude that, while some studies directly related to measures of Grit and Sensation-Seeking would do well to recruit throughout the semester, in most cases any bias introduced by the good student effect is likely to be small.

scholarly journals On the psychology of the psychology subject pool: an exploratory test of the good student effect

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashem Sadeghiyeh ◽  
Siyu Wang ◽  
Hannah M. Kyllo ◽  
Maxwell R. Alberhasky ◽  
Shlishaa Savita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Empathic Concern ◽  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
Big 5 ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Subject Pool

Many psychology research are performed through `psychology subject pools' which give participants considerable flexibility in when they participate. This `participant degree-of-freedom' has lead to concern that the characteristics of subject pool participants may change with time, with the most engaged students signing up at the start of the semester and the least engaged students leaving it all to the end. In this paper we performed an exploratory analysis to look for evidence of this `good student effect'. Consistent with previous work, we find support for the good student effect with earlier participants scoring higher on the Big-5 subscales of Achievement-Striving and Cooperation, as well as Grit and Empathic-Concern. In addition, we found a non-linear effect of time-of-semester on Sensation-Seeking, with this measure peaking in the middle of the semester as well as the end. However, the vast majority of the measures we tested, including measures of personality, cognition, decision-making and social interaction, did not correlate with time-of-semester or time-of-day at all. Thus we conclude that, while some studies directly related to measures of Grit and Sensation-Seeking would do well to recruit throughout the semester, in most cases any bias introduced by the good student effect is likely to be small.

Examining profiles of the big five and sensation seeking among competitive climbers

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 101951
Author(s):  
James L. Rumbold ◽  
Daniel J. Madigan ◽  
Alice Murtagh-Cox ◽  
Leighton Jones
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Sensation Seeking

scholarly journals Who Moves to Music? Empathic Concern Predicts Spontaneous Movement Responses to Rhythm and Music

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 205920432097421
Author(s):  
Agata Zelechowska ◽  
Victor E. Gonzalez Sanchez ◽  
Bruno Laeng ◽  
Jonna K. Vuoskoski ◽  
Alexander Refsum Jensenius
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Empathic Concern ◽  
Reactivity Index ◽  
Neutral Position ◽  
Dance Music ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Spontaneous Movement ◽  
Electronic Dance Music

Moving to music is a universal human phenomenon, and previous studies have shown that people move to music even when they try to stand still. However, are there individual differences when it comes to how much people spontaneously respond to music with body movement? This article reports on a motion capture study in which 34 participants were asked to stand in a neutral position while listening to short excerpts of rhythmic stimuli and electronic dance music. We explore whether personality and empathy measures, as well as different aspects of music-related behaviour and preferences, can predict the amount of spontaneous movement of the participants. Individual differences were measured using a set of questionnaires: Big Five Inventory, Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and Barcelona Music Reward Questionnaire. Liking ratings for the stimuli were also collected. The regression analyses show that Empathic Concern is a significant predictor of the observed spontaneous movement. We also found a relationship between empathy and the participants’ self-reported tendency to move to music.

La resistenza al cambiamento. Validitŕ della versione italiana della scala di oreg (2003)

2009 ◽  
pp. 7-30
Author(s):  
Andrea Bobbio ◽  
Anna Maria Manganelli ◽  
Valentina Filippini
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Emotional Control ◽  
Cognitive Closure ◽  
Need For Cognitive Closure

- The aim of the study is to propose the Italian version of the multifactor resistance to change scale (RTC) developed by Oreg (2003), and to examine its psychometric properties. The research was conducted via self-administered questionnaires on a group of 324 adults, men and women, currently employed. Correlations were computed between RTC and measures of personality factors (Big Five), sensation seeking, need for cognitive closure, emotional control, cognitive abilities, and political orientation. Then, the correlation between RTC and social desirability was computed. Moreover, differences in RTC scores between sub-groups with a different amount of change experiences were analysed. Finally, via multiple regression analysis, the best predictors of RTC were identified. RTC factorial structure, made up of four first-order factors and a single second-order factor, was supported by confirmatory factor analysis results. The internal consistency was also acceptable. RTC measure was negatively correlated with extraversion, agreeableness, emotional stability and openness (Big Five), sensation seeking, and emotional control. The correlation between RTC and need for cognitive closure was high and positive. The correlation between RTC and social desirability was week and negative, and no correlations at all resulted between RTC, cognitive ability and political orientation. Participants with a high number of change experiences had a lower RTC scores when compared with those with a low number of change experiences. Finally, need for cognitive closure was the most important predictor of resistance to change score.

Does Chronotype explain Daily Timing of Music Behaviors?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Wright ◽  
Caroline Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Sleep Timing ◽  
Music Making ◽  
Daily Changes

We addressed how circadian rhythms influence daily musical activities of performing musicians, who exhibit fine temporal control. Music performances often occur in the evening and late at night; evidence suggests that composing musicians tend to be later chronotypes than non-composing musicians. However, chronotype and daily music-making in performing musicians have yet to be investigated. The current study examined chronotype in actively practicing and/or performing musicians and non-musicians, and whether it was related to the daily timing of music performance. To test influences of daily changes due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, disruptions to musical, athletic, social, and sleep habits were also measured. Performing musicians, active (practicing but non-performing) musicians, inactive musicians, and non-musicians, residing in Canada, completed a 7-day online daily activity and sleep diary in Summer 2020. There were more evening chronotypes than morning chronotypes in the sample. Active/performing musicians tended to be earlier chronotypes than all other groups. Musicians' chronotype, but not nightly sleep timing, predicted the time of day that musicians made music: Late chronotypes made music later in the day and early chronotypes made music earlier in the day. Music performance and practice amount decreased during the COVID-19 period, but the daily timing of these activities did not change. All participants reported later sleep onset during the COVID-19 period; the amount of social interaction decreased during the COVID-19 period, while exercise increased for some and decreased for others. No changes in the daily timing of exercise, social interaction, or morning wake-up were reported. These findings suggest that performing musicians may be slightly earlier chronotypes than non-performing musicians and non-musicians, despite music performances often occurring in the evening. Chronotype was related to the time of day of music-making independent of nightly sleep timing, suggesting that times of day for making music reflect an individual's circadian rhythm.

Sexual Coercion in the College Population: A Form of Risk-Taking Behavior

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 5276-5291
Author(s):  
Alisa R. Garner ◽  
Laura C. Spiller ◽  
Patrick Williams
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Outcome Expectation ◽  
College Population ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior ◽  
Reckless Behavior ◽  
Decision Making Model ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to examine whether a decision-making model of risk-taking behavior, specifically impulsivity, positive and negative outcome expectation, and sensation seeking, can be extended to motivation for perpetration of sexual coercion. Participants included 276 sexually active college students between the ages of 18 and 25 years old who completed a set of questionnaires: (a) Sexual Experiences Survey, (b) Sensation Seeking Scales, (c) Cognitive Appraisal of Risky Events, (d) Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, and (e) Reckless Behavior Questionnaire. Multiple regression analyses were utilized to examine the relationship between these decision-making models and sexually coercive behaviors. General risk-taking behaviors were positively correlated with acts of sexual coercion, r = .16, p < .01. The predictor variables accounted for a significant amount of the variance in sexual coercion, R2 = .11, F(4, 246) = 7.57, p < .01. Only sensation seeking contributed unique variance to our model of sexual coercion, β = .27, t = 4.06, p < .01. Interventions to reduce sexual coercion may be more successful if they target those high in risk-taking. Similarly, prevention efforts informed by research on how to engage and hold the attention of sensation seeking youth may be more successful.

scholarly journals Indonesian traveler study: analyze the role of the big five personalities on hard adventure traveler type

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
Lusy Asa Akhrani ◽  
◽  
Chintya Fatima Dewi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Regression Techniques

Purpose: This study aims to determine the role of big five personalities simultaneously and partially towards the tendency of hard adventure travelers. Research methodology: This study will also look at the five traits found in the big five personalities which tend to play a role in the hard adventure traveler. This research is a replication study of Kristin Scott and John C. Mowen with a quantitative approach involving 1,558 subjects with a purposive sampling technique. Big five personality was measured using the big five infentory scale, while the hard adventure type would be measured using a scale from Scott & Mowen. Data analysis of this study using multiple regression techniques. Results: The results showed that there is a role of big five personalities that is simultaneous towards traveler's hard adventure type of 7,6%, whereas partially openness, extraversion, and neuroticism trait had a role towards the type of hard adventure, where openness trait had the biggest role towards hard adventure type. Limitations: Based on the magnitude of the role generated in this study, there are still other factors that can influence traveler's decision making to choose the traveling type, so that these other factors are expected to explore more. Contribution: This research can be a reference in the development of tourist attraction marketing by taking into account visitors' personality types.

scholarly journals Kepribadian Big Five terhadap Impulsive Buying Behavior pada Mahasiswi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Putri Puji Astutik ◽  
Tutut Chusniyah ◽  
Diantini Ida Viatrie
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Impulsive Buying

College students are individuals who enter the transition from adolescence to adulthood. In this period, they have more opportunities to explore various values and lifestyles. Individuals are looking for experiences that will eventually form personalities. Personality can influence individuals who make risky decisions. Decision-making immediately without prior consideration can make them behave impulsively without thinking about the effect. This study aims to determine the effect of big five personalities on impulsive buying behavior on students of the Faculty of Economics and Business, Airlangga University, Surabaya. This study uses a quantitative approach, the collected data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Based on the analysis results obtained three conclusions, 1) Most of the students of economics and business at Airlangga University Surabaya have big five personalities that tend to be dominant; 2) Most of the economics and business students of Airlangga University Surabaya have low impulsive buying behavior; 3) Big five personality influences impulsive buying behavior in economics and business students of Airlangga University Surabaya, conscientiousness has a greater influence than extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, and openness to experience.

Modeling the Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Real-Time Risky Decision-Making

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-334
Author(s):  
Joshua B. Hurwitz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Risky Decision Making ◽  
Risky Decision ◽  
Distance Information ◽  
Driving Task ◽  
Response Choices

Increased real-time risk-taking under sleep loss could be marked by changes in risk perception or acceptance. Risk-perception processes are those involved in estimating real-time parameters such as the speeds and distances of hazardous objects. Risk-acceptance processes relate to response choices given risk estimates. Risk-taking under fatigue was studied using a simulated intersection-crossing driving task in which subjects decided when it was safe to cross an intersection as an oncoming car approached from the cross street. The subjects performed this task at 3-hour intervals over a 36-hour period without sleep. Results were modeled using a model of real-time risky decision making that has perceptual components that process speed, time and distance information, and a decisional component for accepting risk. Results showed that varying a parameter for the decisional component across sessions best accounted for variations in performance relating to time of day.

I processi decisionali come rituali di interazione: giochi di faccia e interazione sociale in un gruppo politico di maggioranza

2009 ◽  
pp. 31-53
Author(s):  
Mariangela De Gregorio ◽  
Gerardo Patriotta
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Impression Management ◽  
Interaction Process ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Town Council ◽  
Interaction Dynamics ◽  
Coherent Image ◽  
Interaction Order ◽  
Impression Management Tactics

- This paper proposes a view of decision making as a social interaction process. Drawing on Goffman's face theory, it documents and interprets the micro interaction dynamics within the ruling political coalition of an Italian town council. Two main arguments are put forward. First, decision making unfolds through face games and impression management tactics where individuals are primarily concerned with attributing plausible sense to situations while maintaining a coherent image of self. Second, face-to-face behavior has structuring properties. It generates an interaction order amongst the participants that becomes progressively consolidated as the actors in- volved strive to affirm their respective situated identities through repeated face-to-face exchanges. A number of organizational implications are drawn from the study.Keywords: Decisional process, face game, interaction's ritual.

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