Intensity of Facebook Use Is Associated With Lower Self-Concept Clarity

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Appel ◽  
Constanze Schreiner ◽  
Silvana Weber ◽  
Martina Mara ◽  
Timo Gnambs
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Link

Abstract. Social networking sites such as Facebook provide individuals with opportunities to express and gather information relevant to their self-concept. Previous theoretical work yielded contrasting assumptions about a potential link between individuals’ Internet use and their self-concept clarity, that is, individuals’ perception of a clear and internally consistent self-concept content. Focusing on social networking sites, our aim was to provide cross-sectional as well as longitudinal evidence regarding the relationship between individuals’ feelings of connectedness to Facebook (Facebook intensity) and self-concept clarity. Two cross-sectional studies (N1 = 244; N2 = 166) and one longitudinal study (N3 = 101) are presented. Independent samples of adolescents, adults, and students from Austria participated. The statistical procedures included hierarchical regression analyses (Studies 1 and 2) and a cross-lagged panel analysis (Study 3). The studies provided consistent evidence of a negative relationship between Facebook intensity and self-concept clarity. Moreover, the longitudinal study showed that Facebook intensity predicted a decline in self-concept clarity over time whereas a reverse pathway was not supported. Future research should examine the content of the self-concept and should continue searching for specific Facebook activities that might explain the decline in self-concept clarity. Our results suggest that an intense attachment to Facebook contributes to an inconsistent and unclear self-concept.

scholarly journals Impact and Perception of Social Networking Sites on Academic Performance of Medical Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Hari Prasad Upadhyay ◽  
Prativa Sedain
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Social Networking Site ◽  
Structure Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
The Impact

Background: A social networking site is an online platform that allows users to create a public profile and interact with other users on the website. The emergence of Social Networking Sites has broadened the base of contact, interaction and communication among people living round the globe via internet. Millions of students are logging in to these social networking sites, everyday. That’s why many students have been blaming various social networking sites for their steady decrease in grade point averages and has affected their study time, poor grammar and wrong spellings when socializing on social media as well as diverting their attention from their studies. The objective of this research is to find the impact and perception of social networking sites on academic performance of medical students. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design conducted among 230 Medical students of MBBS, BPH, Pharmacy and BN Nursing’s students. A well-structured questionnaire was prepared and which were distributed among students using probability sampling technique (random number table). Results: The response of 230 students was collected by using well structure questionnaire. The mean±SD of students age was 21.87±2.16 years. Majority of the students were in the age group 20-25 years. Majority of them were female by gender and Hindu by religion. They most commonly used social networking site was face book/messenger (48.7%) followed by YouTube (41.3%). The main aim of using these sites is to update with their family, friends and for entertainment. Nearly 60% students told that there are negative effects of using social networking sites. And only 15.6% students used these sites only for academic purpose. Conclusions: This study revealed that majority of the students used mobile phone as a device and Wi-Fi in their place of residence. The overall perception of students towards social networking sites is positive. Excessive use of these sites decreases their academic performance which conclude that there is Negative relationship between the use of social networking sites and academic performance which in turn negatively affect their academic results.

scholarly journals The Interrelated Roles of Mass Media and Social Media in Adolescents’ Development of an Objectified Self-Concept

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1116-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Vandenbosch ◽  
Steven Eggermont
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Self Objectification ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Appearance Ideals

Previous research has shown that mass media stimulate the development of an objectified self-concept. However, we know little about the role social networking sites (SNS) play in these relationships. The current longitudinal study ( N = 1,041) aimed to fill this gap by studying adolescents’ frequency of SNS use in general and their use of SNS to monitor attractive peers in particular. The results showed that the use of sexualizing mass media was associated with considering the appearance ideals promoted in mass media as one’s own standards to pursue. This internalization of appearance ideals, in turn, was related to the tendency to monitor attractive peers on SNS. Both the use of SNS to monitor attractive peers and the use of sexualizing mass media stimulated self-objectification and body surveillance over time. The frequency of SNS use played a limited role in the relationship between mass media and an objectified self-concept.

Understanding the Experience of Imaginary Audience in a Social Media Environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew P. Cingel ◽  
Marina Krcmar
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Adolescent Development ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Developmental Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Imaginary Audience ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Facebook Use

Adolescent use of social networking sites has grown quickly over the past decade. Despite this high level of use, less research has examined the interaction between adolescent development and use of social networking sites. Thus, the present study seeks to understand the relationship between adolescents’ Facebook use and their experience of a developmental construct, Imaginary Audience. Using survey data collected from 260 participants between the ages of 9 and 26, results suggested a positive relationship between Facebook use and Imaginary Audience ideation. Furthermore, to better understand this relationship, behavioral rehearsal was tested as a mediating variable. Results were supportive of this mediator. The present study was limited in two main ways: First, given the cross-sectional survey design, we were unable to make causal claims from our data. Second, the sample was predominantly homogenous in nature. Despite these limitations, however, the implications of these findings are twofold: First, this research indicates that Facebook use is related to characteristics of adolescent development. Future research should continue to examine this relationship pattern. Second, by connecting the study of media behaviors and developmental theory, we call attention to a timely and fruitful avenue for the interdisciplinary study of developmental phenomena and media.

Does social reporting matter? Empirical evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Sarea ◽  
Monsurat Ayojimi Salami
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Voluntary Disclosure ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Social Reporting ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gcc Countries

Purpose This paper aims to examine the level of Islamic social reporting (ISR) disclosure of Islamic banking in Gulf Cooperative Council (GCC) countries using a checklist based on Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institution (AAOIFI) standards. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative method – Tobit Model – is adopted in this study. The unweighted disclosure method used to measure the ISR disclosure checklist consist of 51 items in Islamic banks (IBs) in the GCC countries. The stakeholder theory and legitimacy theory are used to investigate the possible banking performance factors affecting the accounting practices such as ISR disclosure in IBs. Findings The findings show that the ISR disclosure index is linked to the IBs’ performance indicators in GCC countries. The result indicates both Islamic banking profitability and age establish positive and statistically significant relationship with ISR disclosure while leverage establishes significant negative relationship with ISR disclosure. This implies that Islamic banking profitability, leverage, and age are essential bank performance indicators that make ISR disclosure worthy of doing even in the presence of Islamic bank stakeholders in GCC countries. This finding linked compliance with the mandatory disclosure recommendations of AAOIFI Standard No. 7, as well as voluntary disclosure. Research limitations/implications This study used cross sectional data for the year 2019, which is considered more recent despite its being a year data analysis. However, future research should consider mix method as well as more analysis tools provided their number of observations are sufficient enough. Social implications The study identifies the factors that may enhance Islamic financial institutions, including Islamic banking in GCC countries, to comply with ISR disclosure. The application of this study supports Accounting standards setters to consider standards that support ISR disclosure in Islamic banking in different countries. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is novel in exploring the level of ISR disclosure in Islamic banking in GCC countries by using a checklist based on AAOIFI standard No. 7 and establishes the relationship between ISR disclosure index and IBs profitability, leverage, as well as age of Islamic banking in operation.

scholarly journals Synergy of Top Management Team Demographics, Strategy and Structure: Empirical Evidence on Performance of Public Enterprises

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Zachary B. Awino ◽  
Bwire Joseph Francis
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Chief Executive Officers ◽  
Corporate Strategy ◽  
Theory Of The Firm ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corporate Strategies ◽  
Executive Officers

The study conceptualized the collective effect of TMT demographics, corporate strategy and organizational structure on performance of Kenyan PEs. TMT demographics have been posited to influence performance however; this position has been largely tautological and hence required more empirical testing. The study adopted a cross-sectional descriptive survey in which a semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain data. The questionnaire was administered through a drop and pick method to a sample of 117 Chief Executive Officers. The study used both descriptive and inferential statistics for purposes of data analysis. Descriptive statistics used included mean, standard deviation, coefficients of variation (CVs) and t-tests. Inferential analysis involved the use of multivariate and hierarchical regression analyses. The findings of the study indicated that jointly TMT demographics, corporate strategy and organizational structure significantly influenced performance of PEs. The findings informed theories (upper echelon, configuration, institutional an behavioural theory of the firm) by showing their relevance and applicability in day-to-day organizational operation; decision makers at managerial level are guided on how to choose TMTs with the right mix of demographics, and policy makers on development of guidelines and policies that define the required TMT demographics during recruitment who can develop corporate strategies and adopt structures that bring about stellar performance. The limitations of this study pin-points some areas that need further research in the future. For instance, a qualitative research with variables such as culture and leadership could be considered for future research.

scholarly journals Gratitude and Social Media: A Pilot Experiment on the Benefits of Exposure to Others’ Grateful Interactions on Facebook

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Sciara ◽  
Daniela Villani ◽  
Anna Flavia Di Natale ◽  
Camillo Regalia
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Specific Property ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Pilot Experiment

Facebook and other social networking sites allow observation of others’ interactions that in normal, offline life would simply be undetectable (e.g., a two-voice conversation viewable on the Facebook wall, from the perspective of a real, silent witness). Drawing on this specific property, the theory of social learning, and the most direct implications of emotional contagion, our pilot experiment (N = 49) aimed to test whether the exposure to others’ grateful interactions on Facebook enhances (a) users’ felt gratitude, (b) expressed gratitude, and (c) their subjective well-being. For the threefold purpose, we created ad hoc Facebook groups in which the exposure to some accomplices’ exchange of grateful messages for 2 weeks was experimentally manipulated and users’ felt/expressed gratitude and well-being were consequently assessed. Results partially supported both hypotheses. Observing others’ exchange of grateful posts/comments on Facebook appeared to enhance participants’ in-person expression of gratitude (i.e., self-reported gratitude expression within face-to-face interactions), but not their direct and subjective experiences of gratitude. Similarly, exposure to others’ grateful messages improved some components of subjective well-being, such as satisfaction with life, but not negative and positive affect. Taken together, however, our preliminary findings suggest for the first time that social networking sites may actually amplify the spreading of gratitude and its benefits. Implications of our results for professionals and future research in the field of health, education, and social media communication are discussed.

Sense of clubhouse community belonging and empowerment

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimiko Tanaka ◽  
Larry Davidson ◽  
Thomas J Craig
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Belonging

Background: While the neighborhood community literature well documents a link between participation in supportive and effective community groups or activities and empowerment, there is as yet little empirical evidence of this relationship in the context of community mental health programs. Aim: The primary purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between sense of community belonging and empowerment among members of mental health clubhouses. Methods: A secondary analysis using a hierarchical regression model was conducted on cross-sectional structured interview data collected through a self-report questionnaire from 102 clubhouse members from six clubhouses in the United States and Finland. Results: The results indicated that members’ sense of clubhouse community belonging positively contributes to their empowerment. Conclusion: Fostering sense of community belonging appears to be a valid approach to catalyze empowerment. Study limitations and future research agendas were discussed.

Self-Concept of College Students: Empirical Evidence from an Asian Setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
Jonah C. Balba ◽  
Manuel E. Cainigcoy
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Emotional Adjustment ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Guidance Services ◽  
Bachelor Of Science ◽  
High Level

Individuals with high self-concept will likely have high life satisfaction, they easily get adjusted to life, and they communicate their feeling more appropriately. However, it was not certain whether self-concept would decline or improve as individuals age, or whether self-concept would vary between genders and ethnic groups.  To prove, a study was carried out to compare the self-concept of college students in an Asian context. The inquiry utilized the cross-sectional design in finding out significant differences in the self-concept of participants in terms of age, gender, and ethnicity. A 22-item questionnaire was adapted and administered to 222 Bachelor of Public Administration and Bachelor of Science in Business Administration students from the satellite campus of Bukidnon State University in the Philippines. Initially, a sample was randomly drawn from the population. During the actual data collection, the researchers had difficulty getting the responses from the randomly selected individuals due to internet connection and it was done amidst a pandemic. Instead, it took all responses from those who were available, have access to the internet, and could accomplish the google forms. The data were analyzed using Mean, Standard Deviation, T-test for independent sample, ANOVA and Post Hoc test. The results revealed that college students at the locale have a high level of self-concept in self-fulfilment, emotional adjustment, and honesty. Yet, they only had a moderate level of self-concept in autonomy. Further, there were significant differences in college students’ autonomy and honesty in terms of age and gender. Furthermore, there were significant differences in their emotional adjustment and self-fulfilment as to their ethnicity. The results have implications for instruction, administration, guidance services, and future research.

Social Networking in Academic Libraries

2013 ◽  
pp. 226-248
Author(s):  
Sudhanshu Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Academic Libraries ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Thomson Reuters

The chapter provides a snapshot on the use of social networking in academic libraries through a systematic review of the available literature and an examination of the libraries’ presence on the most popular social networking sites. The chapter initially reviews 819 articles of empirical research, viewpoints, and case studies, based on keyword(s) search “Web 2.0 + Academic Libraries” since 2006 found in the Library Literature and Information Full Text Database. Out of full text research papers, articles with empirical studies, 328 (40% of 819), are shortlisted; all articles are from journals having impact factors (as per ISI Thomson Reuters rating 2011-12), 0.8 and above. The articles are collected from four major management and library science publishers: Ebscohost, Science Direct, Taylor and Francis, Emerald Insight (including EarlyCite articles, Backfiles content). The potential limitation of the study is that it does not attempt to trace out trends using any regression techniques. The extension of this study could be statistically testing the figures observed in this chapter and laying down a grounded theory approach for future research in Web 2.0 applications in libraries. The important finding is that the popularity of the various social networking sites can change quickly on the basis of e-World of Month (e-WoM).

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