scholarly journals Mind-Body Dualism and Health Revisited

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Burgmer ◽  
Matthias Forstmann
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Lay People ◽  
Behavior Study ◽  
Health Related Behaviors ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Sound Mind ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract. Does a sound mind require a sound body? Whether or not lay people subscribe to this notion depends on their belief in mind-body dualism and critically shapes their health-related behaviors. Six studies (N = 1,710) revisit the relation between dualism and health. We replicate the negative correlation between belief in dualism and health behavior (Study 1) and extend it to behavior in the field (Study 2). Studies 3a and 3b investigate how belief in dualism shapes intuitions about the material origin of psychological well-being, while Studies 4a and 4b examine how these intuitions determine health-related outcomes. In sum, construing minds as different from bodies entails the intuition that mental well-being has little material substrate which in turn attenuates health-sustaining behaviors.

scholarly journals Contributing Factors in Adolescents’ Mental Well-Being—The Role of Socioeconomic Status, Social Support, and Health Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9597
Author(s):  
Gabriella Nagy-Pénzes ◽  
Ferenc Vincze ◽  
Éva Bíró
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental Well Being

Mental disorders are common in adolescents, and for effective interventions we should be aware of their determinants. However, there are only a small number of studies investigating the combined effect of multiple factors. Therefore, our aim is to assess the impact of socioeconomic status, social support, and health behavior on adolescents’ mental well-being. A cross-sectional health survey of 1641 children was carried out in accordance with the study protocol of the Hungarian Health Behavior in School-aged Children survey. Multivariate multiple regression was used to analyze the main determinants of mental well-being. The boys’ mental well-being was favorable compared to girls; lower subjective family wealth was associated with lower life satisfaction and depressive mood. Life satisfaction was positively related to healthy eating, social support, and physical activity. Unhealthy eating, sedentary lifestyle, and lower social support were associated with higher depression scores. Higher social support reduces psychosomatic symptoms, while unhealthy eating and spending a lot of time in front of the computer increase them. Both social support and healthy lifestyle seem to be protective against mental health problems among adolescents, and thus interventions should focus on these factors regardless of the socioeconomic status of the participants, with special attention given to girls.

Abstract P234: Associations of Clinical Characteristics and Health-related Behaviors With Physical Activity Levels in Stage B Heart Failure Patients

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maira Tristao Parra ◽  
Meredith A Pung ◽  
Kathleen Wilson ◽  
Christopher Pruitt ◽  
Barry H Greenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Heart Failure Patients ◽  
Health Related Behaviors ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Active Patients

Hypothesis: insufficiently active heart failure patients will report poorer QoL, more fatigue and depressive mood compared to active patients. Aims: To characterize clinical characteristics and health-related behaviors according to physical activity (PA). Also, to explore predicting factors of quality of life (QoL). Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of a cohort of Stage B HF patients. PA classification was set as active, moderately active or insufficiently active, according to the LTEQ questionnaire. For QoL, the SF-36 questionnaire was used. ANOVAS, Chi-Square tests or likelihood ratios and unadjusted multiple regression models were calculated. Significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: In this cohort, 277 HF patients completed the PA questionnaire. The prevalence of active patients was higher than moderately active and insufficiently active (53.3% vs 15.2% and 29.6%), respectively. Younger age (p = 0.044), lower waist circumference (WC) (p = 0.002), and lower waist-to-hip ratio (p = 0.046) were associated with being active. The prevalence of Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the active groups was significantly lower (p = 0.001). Physically active groups had cases of mild LV enlargement (1.4% and 7.5%, respectively), while no cases were observed among insufficiently active patients (p = 0.017). PA was positively associated with less fatigue (p= 0.002), more vigor (p = 0.001), more self-efficacy (p < 0.001), and better quality of life (p = 0.002). Patients who were less physically active had more inflammation (CRP, p = 0.015; IL-6, p <0.001; TNF-α: p = 0.033, and IL-1ra, p = 0.001). WC (β =-0.16, p = 0.008), glucose (β =-0.12, p < 0.001) and fatigue (β = - 0.39, p < 0.001) predicted general health perception (R 2 = 0.449). For physical functioning (high scores reflects performing PA without limitations due to health), WC (β = - 0.28, p = 0.001), sleep (β = - 1.50, p = 0.003) and fatigue (β = - 0.32, p = 0.018) were significant predictors (R 2 = 0.422); while age (β = 0.36, p <0.001) physical activity (β = 0.051, p = 0.055), sleep (β = 0.50, p =0.046), fatigue (β = -0.37, p <0.001) and depression (β = -1.12, p <0.001) predicted emotional well-being (R 2 = 0.696). Conclusion: Physically active heart failure patients had a better anthropometric profile and lower prevalence of T2DM. In this cohort, PA was not a significant predictor for general and physical functioning, but it remained relevant for predicting emotional well-being.

scholarly journals Study of the health status of geriatric age group in Chitwan district of Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
L Subedi ◽  
R B Sah
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Health Related ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mental Well Being

Retirement, change in housing, illness or death of spouse greatly affect the physical and mental well-being of the geriatric person. This study aims to find out the health status of geriatric age group in chitwan district of Nepal. A cross sectional study was carried out among 300 geriatric people where 15.7% of the geriatric were living alone, 50.3 % and 39.7% of geriatrics gave history of regular use of tobacco and alcohol respectively. Co-morbidities were found in 63% of geriatrics who suffered from 2 or more diseases. In Total 44% were found to have Ophthalmic problems, 23% were found to have ENT problems, 5.33% were found to mental disorders, 33% were found to have CVS problems, 43% were found to have GI problems, 15.67 % were found to have Metabolic disorder. The study highlighted a high prevalence of morbidity and health related problems in geriatric age groups.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v5i1.12560

Health Behaviors and Pharmacotherapy

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1076-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A Kehoe ◽  
Roger C Katz
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
English Language ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Health Related Behaviors ◽  
Health Related

OBJECTIVE: To review factors related to health beliefs and behavior that affect treatment adherence, and to suggest behavioral strategies for improving adherence. DATA SOURCES: We conducted MEDLINE and PSYHLIT (January 1966–October 1997) searches of English-language literature pertaining to behavioral medicine and health behavior as they relate to treatment adherence. Additional articles from these sources and reference texts were identified. DATA EXTRACTION: All articles and chapters identified were considered. The most pertinent information, as judged by the authors, was selected for discussion. DATA SYNTHESIS: Health care is moving into an era of disease management, and practitioners will be called upon to help patients change health-related behaviors and to improve adherence to treatment. Fundamental to this new paradigm of practice is an understanding of behavior, its relationship to health, and methods by which it can be altered. Current concepts of health behavior have been heavily influenced by social learning theory, self-efficacy theory, and a biopsychosocial view of health and disease. The intent of this review is to provide clinicians with an overview of factors that affect health-related behaviors, as well as suggestions for helping patients to improve them. As illustrations, behavioral interventions used in patients with asthma are presented. CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to treatment recommendations depends on a complex interplay of many psychological variables. An understanding of these factors, and how behavioral techniques may be used, will help healthcare providers to assist patients in improving adherence.

Health-Related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents: Subjective Well Being

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Gaspar ◽  
José Pais Ribeiro ◽  
Margarida Gaspar de Matos ◽  
Isabel Leal ◽  
Aristides Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

The main objective of this study was to build a model, which includes personal and social factors, that helps to highlight factors that promote health-related quality of Life (HRQoL) in children and in adolescents. A sample of 3195 children and adolescents was acquired from 5th and 7th graders from all five Portuguese regions. In this study three independent latent variables were specified – Physical, Psychological and Social and two dependent latent variables were measured: Health behavior and Quality of Life. The integrative model was composed by different components: (1) health-related quality of life, integrated by 8 dimensions from KIDSCREEN-52; (2) health behavior, (3) variables related to physical health; (4) variables related to social health; (5) variables related to psychological health. As results were found strong correlation between psychological dimensions and self-esteem and other factors and a structural equation model was developed. The model presented a RMSEA index of .08. Similarly, adjustment levels for the CFI, NFI and IFI vary above or around .90, which suggests a good adjustment for the hypothesized model. The model presented significant qui-square.This study showed that in all the samples studied, the psychological variables were those that contributed at a superior level to HRQoL.

scholarly journals Correlates of Physical Activity in Persons with Arthritis: Review and Recommendations

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Wilcox ◽  
Cheryl Der Ananian ◽  
Patricia A. Sharpe ◽  
Jennifer Robbins ◽  
Theresa Brady
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Reference Lists ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Barriers And Enablers ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Consistent Support

Background:Physical activity (PA) is important for arthritis self-management. A better understanding of the PA correlates in persons with arthritis will help inform interventions.Methods:Computer searches were conducted on PubMed, PsychInfo, Current Contents, and Cinahl databases. Reference lists of extracted articles were also searched. Thirty-six studies published between 1976 and February 2004 met inclusion criteria.Results:PA correlates are presented for sociodemographic, psychological, health-related, social, and environmental categories. Self-efficacy, perceived benefits and barriers, mental well-being, prior PA, and pain received the most consistent support as PA correlates, whereas sociodemographic, social, and environmental variables were the least studied. Too few studies were conducted to allow comparisons across arthritis type or study design.Conclusions:We recommend that additional qualitative research be conducted to understand factors influencing PA in persons with arthritis. Prospective studies, particularly in the context of a PA program or intervention, would also be useful to better understand how barriers and enablers change over time.

scholarly journals The Association Between Time-Use Behaviors and Physical and Mental Well-Being in Adults: A Compositional Isotemporal Substitution Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel G. Curtis ◽  
Dorothea Dumuid ◽  
Timothy Olds ◽  
Ronald Plotnikoff ◽  
Corneel Vandelanotte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Related Qol ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mental Well Being

Background: Substantial evidence links activity domains with health and well-being; however, research has typically examined time-use behaviors independently, rather than considering daily activity as a 24-hour time-use composition. This study used compositional data analysis to estimate the difference in physical and mental well-being associated with reallocating time between behaviors. Methods: Participants (n = 430; 74% female; 41 [12] y) wore an accelerometer for 7 days and reported their body mass index; health-related quality of life (QoL); and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Regression models determined whether time-use composition, comprising sleep, sedentary behavior, light physical activity (LPA), and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), was associated with well-being. Compositional isotemporal substitution models estimated the difference in well-being associated with reallocating time between behaviors. Results: Time-use composition was associated with body mass index and physical health-related QoL. Reallocating time to MVPA from sleep, sedentary behavior, and LPA showed favorable associations with body mass index and physical health-related QoL, whereas reallocations from MVPA to other behaviors showed unfavorable associations. Reallocations from LPA to sedentary behavior were associated with better physical health–related QoL and vice versa. Conclusion: Results reinforce the importance of MVPA for physical health but do not suggest that replacing sedentary behavior with LPA is beneficial for health and well-being.

scholarly journals Associations Between Psychosocial Well-Being, Stressful Life Events and Emotion-Driven Impulsiveness in European Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Do ◽  
Juul M. J. Coumans ◽  
Claudia Börnhorst ◽  
Hermann Pohlabeln ◽  
Lucia A. Reisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors

AbstractKnowing the extent to which mental well-being and stressful life events during adolescence contribute to personality characteristics related to risk-taking behaviors, such as emotion-driven impulsiveness, is highly relevant for the development of health promotion measures. This study examined whether psychosocial well-being and different stressful life events are associated with emotion-driven impulsiveness. In total, 3,031 adolescents (52% girls; Mage = 13.6 years) were included from the I. Family Study, a cross-sectional examination on lifestyle-related behaviors conducted across eight European countries in 2013/14. Linear mixed-effects regression models showed that higher psychosocial well-being was associated with lower emotion-driven impulsiveness independent of socio-demographic, health-related, and parental variables. A higher number of stressful life events was associated with higher emotion-driven impulsiveness. Psychosocial well-being and stressful life events need to be further considered in the development and tailoring of health promotion strategies that aim to reduce emotion-driven impulsiveness.

scholarly journals Stakeholder Perceptions of the Challenges to Racehorse Welfare

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Butler ◽  
Mathilde Valenchon ◽  
Rachel Annan ◽  
Helen R. Whay ◽  
Siobhan Mullan
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Employee Attitudes ◽  
Employee Relations ◽  
Staff Retention ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Mental Well Being

The purpose of this paper is to highlight some of the key challenges to racehorse welfare as perceived by racing industry stakeholders. The paper draws upon statements and transcripts from 10 focus group discussions with 42 participants who were taking part in a larger study investigating stakeholders’ perceptions of racehorse welfare, which participants recognised as maintaining the physical and mental well-being of a performance animal. Analysis of the 68 statements participants identified as challenges produced nine themes. Among these, 26% (18 statements) of the challenges were health related, whilst 41% (28 statements) focused on the effect staff shortages were having on the racing industry. Staff shortages were perceived as affecting standards of racehorse care and the opportunity to develop a human–horse relationship. Poor employee relations due to a lack of recognition, communication and respect were perceived as having a detrimental effect on employee attitudes, behaviour and staff retention which, in turn, can have a sequential effect on the welfare and health of horses in training. Although the number of challenges produced is small (68), they emphasise the perceptions of stakeholders closely associated with the racing industry.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document