Factors that effect personal goals and self-regulation processes over time

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon B. Schmidt ◽  
Richard P. DeShon ◽  
Robert G. Lord
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Personal Goals ◽  
Over Time

Models of Personality Development in Emerging Adulthood

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Pratt ◽  
M. Kyle Matsuba
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
The Self ◽  
Personal Goals ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Over Time

Chapter 2 reviews research and theory on the life story and its development and relations to other aspects of personality. The authors introduce the integrative framework of McAdams and Pals, who described three levels in a broad model of personality: personality traits; personal goals, values, and projects; and the unique life story, which provides a degree of unity and purpose to the individual’s life. This narrative, which develops in late adolescence and emerging adulthood, as individuals become able to author their own stories, includes key scenes of emotional and personal importance to provide a sense of continuity, while remaining flexible and dynamic in incorporating changes in the self over time. The chapter ends with a description of Alison, an emerging adult from our Canadian Futures Study, who illustrates these levels and what they tell about personality development during this period.

Media or Corporations? Social Media Governance Between Public and Commercial Rationales

2020 ◽  
pp. 249-268
Author(s):  
Daniela Stockmann
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
National Level ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Media Companies ◽  
Active User ◽  
Corporate Governance Codes ◽  
Over Time

In public discussions of social media governance, corporations such as Google, Facebook, and Twitter are often first and foremost seen as providers of information and as media. However, social media companies’ business models aim to generate income by attracting a large, growing, and active user base and by collecting and monetising personal data. This has generated concerns with respect to hate speech, disinformation, and privacy. Over time, there has been a trend away from industry self-regulation towards a strengthening of national-level and European Union-level regulations, that is, from soft to hard law. Hence, moving beyond general corporate governance codes, governments are imposing more targeted regulations that recognise these firms’ profound societal importance and wide-reaching influence. The chapter reviews these developments, highlighting the tension between companies’ commercial and public rationales, critiques the current industry-specific regulatory framework, and raises potential policy alternatives.

Transformative Self-Regulation and the Quiet Ego

2021 ◽  
pp. 263-285
Author(s):  
Jack Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Life Stories ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Dual Processes ◽  
Quiet Ego ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Over Time

This chapter examines how the transformative self facilitates long-term self-regulation. Most research on self-regulation targets the immediate moment (referred to here as micro self-regulation) or personal events that last weeks or months (meso self-regulation). In contrast, the transformative self functions as a tool for macro self-regulation in one’s attempt to shape one’s life over time (for which evolving life stories are especially well suited). Hedonic, transformative self-regulation comes in the forms of realistic optimism, self-improvement motivation, cybernetic feedback motives, intentional self-development, and the flexible pursuit of goals. Eudaimonic, transformative self-regulation is especially helpful for adaptation to life’s difficulties and is found in dual-process models of adaptation to loss and potential trauma. These dual processes aim to regulate and balance both affect and meaning-making. The quiet ego represents a synthesis of these forms of self-regulation, balancing detached awareness (e.g., mindfulness), inclusive identity (e.g., interdependence, compassion), perspective-taking (e.g., value perspectivity), and growth-mindedness.

How Passion in Entrepreneurship Develops Over Time: A Self-Regulation Perspective

2020 ◽  
pp. 104225872092989
Author(s):  
Maike Lex ◽  
Michael M. Gielnik ◽  
Matthias Spitzmuller ◽  
Gabriel H. Jacob ◽  
Michael Frese
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Time Horizons ◽  
Identity Centrality ◽  
Positive Feelings ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Over Time

We adopt a self-regulation perspective to present a model of the development of passion in entrepreneurship. We argue that entrepreneurial self-efficacy and performance influence the two components of passion—positive feelings and identity centrality—over shorter and longer time horizons, respectively. Furthermore, we argue for the recursive effects of passion on entrepreneurial self-efficacy and performance. Three longitudinal studies with measurements over three weeks ( n = 65) and three months ( n = 150 and n = 180) support our hypotheses. We contribute to a theory of passion that integrates the different time horizons over which the components of passion change.

scholarly journals Tempting goods, self-control fatigue, and time preference in consumer dynamics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinsuke Ikeda ◽  
Takeshi Ojima
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Time Preference ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Regulatory Behavior ◽  
Good Setting ◽  
Over Time

Abstract We propose a dynamic model of consumer behavior under limited self-control, emphasizing the fatiguing nature of self-regulation. The temptation theory is extended in a two-good setting with tempting and non-tempting goods, where self-regulation in moderating tempting good consumption depreciates mental capital (willpower). The resulting non-homothetic feature of consumer preferences helps describe self-regulatory behavior in such an empirically relevant way that it depends on the nature of the tempting good (luxury or inferior) and on consumer wealth. First, richer consumers are more self-indulgent and impatient in consuming tempting luxuries, whereas less so in consuming tempting inferiors: impatience is marginally increasing in wealth for jewels whereas decreasing for junk foods. Second, self-control fatigue weakens implied patience for tempting good consumption. Third, upon a stressful shock, with the resulting increasing scarcity of willpower, self-indulgence and impatience for tempting good consumption increase over time. Fourth, naive consumers, unaware of the willpower constraint, display weaker self-control in the long run than sophisticated consumers in the same wealth class would do.

scholarly journals MORAL CLEANSING AND MORAL LICENSES: EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Brañas-Garza ◽  
Marisa Bucheli ◽  
María Paz Espinosa ◽  
Teresa García-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Regular Pattern ◽  
Moral Self ◽  
Optimal Sequence ◽  
Moral Licensing ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Moral Behaviour ◽  
Licensing Effects ◽  
Over Time

Research on moral cleansing and moral self-licensing has introduced dynamic considerations in the theory of moral behaviour. Past bad actions trigger negative feelings that make people more likely to engage in future moral behaviour to offset them. Symmetrically, past good deeds favour a positive self-perception that creates licensing effects, leading people to engage in behaviour that is less likely to be moral. In short, a deviation from a ‘normal state of being’ is balanced with a subsequent action that compensates the prior behaviour. We model the decision of an individual trying to reach the optimal level of moral self-worth over time and show that under certain conditions the optimal sequence of actions follows a regular pattern which combines good and bad actions. To explore this phenomenon we conduct an economic experiment where subjects play a sequence of giving decisions (dictator games). We find that donations in the previous period affect present decisions and the sign is negative: participants' behaviour in every round is negatively correlated to what they did in the past. Hence donations over time seem to be the result of a regular pattern of self-regulation: moral licensing (being selfish after altruistic) and cleansing (altruistic after selfish).

scholarly journals Goal pursuit: Current state of affairs and directions for future research

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Milyavskaya ◽  
Kaitlyn M. Werner
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Goal Pursuit ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Personal Goals ◽  
Current State ◽  
Distinct Unit ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The Many ◽  
Goal Characteristics

Personal goals are ubiquitous in everyday life, with people typically pursuing multiple personal goals at any given time. This paper provides a review and synthesis of the vast and varied research on personal goals. A growing body of research shows that goals are best conceptualized as a distinct unit of analysis, with extensive within-person variations in both goal characteristics and attainment. In this paper, we review existing literature on personal goals, examining the process of goal pursuit from start to finish, including goal setting, goal pursuit and self-regulation, and the outcomes associated with attainment and/or failure. We also address the many aspects of personal goal pursuit that are still poorly understood, highlighting directions for future research.

scholarly journals Study Protocol of the Ten Years Up Project: Mapping the Development of Self-Regulation Strategies in Young Adults Over Time

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marleen Gillebaart ◽  
Jantina Brummelman ◽  
Denise de Ridder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Over Time

Self-regulation is an important predictor of many outcomes relating to health and well-being. Research thus far has not systematically addressed the development of self-regulation strategies during young adulthood, but instead has focused on the predictive value of childhood self-regulation competence for outcomes later in life. The present study protocol describes the Ten Years Up (10YUP) project, a longitudinal cohort of young adults who will be followed for Ten years. By adopting a dynamic approach, we aim to examine how the nature and frequency of self-regulation strategies develop over time, document to what extent the use of strategies is affected by contextual and personal factors, and determine how these strategies affect health and well-being over the course of ten years. The 10YUP project employs a prospective longitudinal design to map the development of self-regulation strategies over time. A sample of 3,000 participants will be recruited by random selection from the general population of 16-year olds to retain a final sample of 1,000 participants after Ten years (accounting for an estimated drop-out rate of 10% each year). A mobile app will be used to collect data every 3 months. Self-regulation strategies will be assessed by means of the Goal Setting and Striving Inventory that asks participants to list their personal goals and then choose their most important goal to answer items about goal perception and strategy use. The resulting composite self-regulation index will be related to a wide range of contextual and personal factors that may act as either antecedents or consequences of self-regulation, depending on their specific time of assessment (either prior to or following self-regulation assessment) by means of cross-lagged panel analyses and other analyses allowing for establishing causal relationships over time. The 10YUP project is likely to generate novel insights into the development of self-regulation in young adulthood, how this development is affected by personal and contextual factors, and how these in turn may be influenced by how young people self-regulate—which is important for public policies aimed at guiding young people's choices and how they affect their health and well-being.

scholarly journals Tinjauan Teoritis: Self Regulation pada Mahasiswa Underachiever

Humaniora ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 459
Author(s):  
Nangoi Priscilla Francis
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Personal Goals ◽  
High Achiever

Self regulation is needed by every individual as a description of their ability to control themselves. Not every individual has good self regulation such as students categorized as underachievers. Self regulation on underachiever students could be said to be lower than high achiever students. There are many factors contributing to low self regulation, such as lack of responsibility towards personal goals, even personal goals that may be set by someone else.This theoretical review is anticipated to help realizing conditions that is happening towards ourselves and what is the factor behind it. Parents and educators may also understand the treatment causing children to have low self regulation and becoming an underachiever. 

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