scholarly journals Data Driven Investigation of Bispectral Index Algorithm

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung-Chul Lee ◽  
Ho-Geol Ryu ◽  
Yoonsang Park ◽  
Soo Bin Yoon ◽  
Seong Mi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Tree ◽  
Bispectral Index ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Depth Of Anaesthesia ◽  
Calculation Algorithm ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Spectral Edge Frequency

Abstract Bispectral index (BIS), a useful marker of anaesthetic depth, is calculated by a statistical multivariate model using nonlinear functions of electroencephalography-based subparameters. However, only a portion of the proprietary algorithm has been identified. We investigated the BIS algorithm using clinical big data and machine learning techniques. Retrospective data from 5,427 patients who underwent BIS monitoring during general anaesthesia were used, of which 80% and 20% were used as training datasets and test datasets, respectively. A histogram of data points was plotted to define five BIS ranges representing the depth of anaesthesia. Decision tree analysis was performed to determine the electroencephalography subparameters and their thresholds for classifying five BIS ranges. Random sample consensus regression analyses were performed using the subparameters to derive multiple linear regression models of BIS calculation in five BIS ranges. The performance of the decision tree and regression models was externally validated with positive predictive value and median absolute error, respectively. A four-level depth decision tree was built with four subparameters such as burst suppression ratio, power of electromyogram, 95% spectral edge frequency, and relative beta ratio. Positive predictive values were 100%, 80%, 80%, 85% and 89% in the order of increasing BIS in the five BIS ranges. The average of median absolute errors of regression models was 4.1 as BIS value. A data driven BIS calculation algorithm using multiple electroencephalography subparameters with different weights depending on BIS ranges has been proposed. The results may help the anaesthesiologists interpret the erroneous BIS values observed during clinical practice.

scholarly journals Application of Machine Learning Techniques to Predict Mechanical Properties for Polyamide 2200 (PA12) in Additive Manufacturing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivanna Baturynska
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Elongation At Break

Additive manufacturing (AM) is an attractive technology for manufacturing industry due to flexibility in design and functionality, but inconsistency in quality is one of the major limitations that does not allow utilizing this technology for production of end-use parts. Prediction of mechanical properties can be one of the possible ways to improve the repeatability of the results. The part placement, part orientation, and STL model properties (number of mesh triangles, surface, and volume) are used to predict tensile modulus, nominal stress and elongation at break for polyamide 2200 (also known as PA12). EOS P395 polymer powder bed fusion system was used to fabricate 217 specimens in two identical builds (434 specimens in total). Prediction is performed for XYZ, XZY, ZYX, and Angle orientations separately, and all orientations together. The different non-linear models based on machine learning methods have higher prediction accuracy compared with linear regression models. Linear regression models have prediction accuracy higher than 80% only for Tensile Modulus and Elongation at break in Angle orientation. Since orientation-based modeling has low prediction accuracy due to a small number of data points and lack of information about material properties, these models need to be improved in the future based on additional experimental work.

scholarly journals Application of Machine Learning Techniques to Predict the Mechanical Properties of Polyamide 2200 (PA12) in Additive Manufacturing

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1060
Author(s):  
Ivanna Baturynska
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Elongation At Break

Additive manufacturing (AM) is an attractive technology for the manufacturing industry due to flexibility in its design and functionality, but inconsistency in quality is one of the major limitations preventing utilizing this technology for the production of end-use parts. The prediction of mechanical properties can be one of the possible ways to improve the repeatability of results. The part placement, part orientation, and STL model properties (number of mesh triangles, surface, and volume) are used to predict tensile modulus, nominal stress, and elongation at break for polyamide 2200 (also known as PA12). An EOS P395 polymer powder bed fusion system was used to fabricate 217 specimens in two identical builds (434 specimens in total). Prediction is performed for XYZ, XZY, ZYX, and Angle orientations separately, and all orientations together. The different non-linear models based on machine learning methods have higher prediction accuracy compared with linear regression models. Linear regression models only have prediction accuracy higher than 80% for Tensile Modulus and Elongation at break in Angle orientation. Since orientation-based modeling has low prediction accuracy due to a small number of data points and lack of information about the material properties, these models need to be improved in the future based on additional experimental work.

A data‐driven approach to detecting change points in linear regression models

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Lyubchich ◽  
Tatiana V. Lebedeva ◽  
Jeremy M. Testa
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Change Points ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Data Driven Approach

scholarly journals Development of data-driven framework for automatically identifying patient cohorts from linked electronic health records

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiola Fernández-Gutiérrez ◽  
Jonathan Kennedy ◽  
Roxanne Cooksey ◽  
Mark Atkinson ◽  
Ernest Choy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Secondary Care ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Identification Algorithm ◽  
Learning Context ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTObjectives 1) To develop a fully data-driven framework for automatically identifying patients with a condition from routine electronic primary care records; 2) to identify informative codes (risk factors) of arthropathy conditions in primary care records that can accurately predict a diagnosis of the conditions in secondary care records. ApproachThis study linked routine primary and secondary care records in Wales, UK held in the SAIL (Secured Anonymised Information Linkage) databank, in which the secondary care records were used as golden standard. As such, we proposed to use machine learning techniques to extract patient information and identify cohorts with a condition from the large and high-dimensional linked dataset using the following phases: data preparation, performed in the machine learning context fashion; pre-selection of initial features, ranking and selecting features into a meaningful subset by using feature selection methods; and identification algorithm development which incorporates mechanisms of tackling the imbalanced nature of the data. This data-driven framework was then validated on an independent dataset, and compared with existing algorithm which had been developed using expert clinician knowledge for arthropathy conditions. ResultsRheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) were used to demonstrate the feasibility of this framework. Linking primary care records with the secondary care rheumatology clinical system, we collected 9,657 patients with 1,484 RA patients and 204 AS patients. The proposed framework identified various compact subsets of informative features (risk factors) from 43,100 potential Read codes. Applying to an independent test data, this framework achieved the classification accuracy and positive predictive values (PPVs) of 86.19% and 88.46% respectively for RA and 99.23 % and 97.75% respectively for AS, which are comparable with the performance of clinical knowledge-based method - the accuracy of 85.85%, the PPV of 85.28% for RA and the accuracy of 97.86% , the PPV of 95.65% for AS. ConclusionThe proposed data-driven framework provides a rapid and cost-effective way of reliably identifying patients with a medical condition from primary care data. It performed as well as the clinically derived algorithm. This framework does not intend to substitute clinical expertise, instead it provides an decision support tool for clinicians during their decision process, in particular selection of patients for clinical trials.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Machine-Learning Methods to Select Socioeconomic Indicators in Cultural Landscapes

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maldonado ◽  
Darío Ramos-López ◽  
Pedro Aguilera 
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Linear Regression Models

Cultural landscapes are regarded to be complex socioecological systems that originated as a result of the interaction between humanity and nature across time. Cultural landscapes present complex-system properties, including nonlinear dynamics among their components. There is a close relationship between socioeconomy and landscape in cultural landscapes, so that changes in the socioeconomic dynamic have an effect on the structure and functionality of the landscape. Several numerical analyses have been carried out to study this relationship, with linear regression models being widely used. However, cultural landscapes comprise a considerable amount of elements and processes, whose interactions might not be properly captured by a linear model. In recent years, machine-learning techniques have increasingly been applied to the field of ecology to solve regression tasks. These techniques provide sound methods and algorithms for dealing with complex systems under uncertainty. The term ‘machine learning’ includes a wide variety of methods to learn models from data. In this paper, we study the relationship between socioeconomy and cultural landscape (in Andalusia, Spain) at two different spatial scales aiming at comparing different regression models from a predictive-accuracy point of view, including model trees and neural or Bayesian networks.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Survey on Machine Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Astha Singh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Correct Model ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Unseen Data ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Statistical Agencies ◽  
High Level

The objective of this briefing is to present an overview of the topic, machine learning techniques currently in use or in consideration at statistical agencies worldwide. It is important to know the main reason why real-world scenarios should start exploring the use of machine learning techniques, terminology, approach and about few popular libraries in python, what regression is, by completely throwing light on simple as well as multiple linear and non-linear regression models and their applications, classification techniques, various clustering techniques. The material presented in this paper is the result of a study based on different models and the study of various datasets (analysis and choice of the correct model are important). While Machine Learning involves concepts of automation, it requires human guidance. Machine Learning involves a high level of generalization to get a system that performs well on yet-unseen data instances. Topics like regression, classification, and clustering, the report covers the insight of various techniques and their applications.

FAKTOR DETERMINAN PENYALURAN KREDIT BANK PERSERO

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
Wigiyanti Masodah
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Main Activity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Models

Offering credit is the main activity of a Bank. There are some considerations when a bank offers credit, that includes Interest Rates, Inflation, and NPL. This study aims to find out the impact of Variable Interest Rates, Inflation variables and NPL variables on credit disbursed. The object in this study is state-owned banks. The method of analysis in this study uses multiple linear regression models. The results of the study have shown that Interest Rates and NPL gave some negative impacts on the given credit. Meanwhile, Inflation variable does not have a significant effect on credit given. Keywords: Interest Rate, Inflation, NPL, offered Credit.

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