scholarly journals Carotid sinus nerve stimulation attenuates alveolar bone loss and inflammation in experimental periodontitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Barbosa Ribeiro ◽  
Fernanda Brognara ◽  
Josiane Fernandes da Silva ◽  
Jaci Airton Castania ◽  
Patrícia Garani Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Carotid Sinus ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
Carotid Sinus Nerve ◽  
Mandibular Molar ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

Abstract Baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflexes modulate inflammatory responses. However, whether these reflexes attenuate periodontal diseases has been poorly examined. Thus, the present study determined the effects of electrical activation of the carotid sinus nerve (CSN) in rats with periodontitis. We hypothesized that activation of the baro and chemoreflexes attenuates alveolar bone loss and the associated inflammatory processes. Electrodes were implanted around the CSN, and bilateral ligation of the first mandibular molar was performed to, respectively, stimulate the CNS and induce periodontitis. The CSN was stimulated daily for 10 min, during nine days, in unanesthetized animals. On the eighth day, a catheter was inserted into the left femoral artery and, in the next day, the arterial pressure was recorded. Effectiveness of the CNS electrical stimulation was confirmed by hypotensive responses, which was followed by the collection of a blood sample, gingival tissue, and jaw. Long-term (9 days) electrical stimulation of the CSN attenuated bone loss and the histological damage around the first molar. In addition, the CSN stimulation also reduced the gingival and plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by periodontitis. Thus, CSN stimulation has a protective effect on the development of periodontal disease mitigating alveolar bone loss and inflammatory processes.

Abstract P285: Carotid Sinus Nerve Stimulation Attenuates Alveolar Bone Loss in Rats With Induced Periodontitis.

Hypertension ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline B Ribeiro ◽  
Patricia G Fernandes ◽  
Fernanda Brognara ◽  
Jaci A Castania ◽  
Carlos A Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Carotid Sinus ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
Carotid Sinus Nerve ◽  
Carotid Sinus Nerve Stimulation

scholarly journals Annual alveolar bone loss in older adults taking oral bisphosphonate: a retrospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Helmi ◽  
Sara AlOsaimy ◽  
J. Max Goodson ◽  
Hatice Hasturk ◽  
Zuhair S. Natto
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
Oral Bisphosphonate ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Background Although several studies assessed the effect of bisphosphonate (BIS) administration on alveolar bone loss, this relationship has not been fully investigated using longitudinal analysis. The aim of the this article is to predict annual alveolar bone loss in a subpopulation of older adults patients who were taking oral bisphosphonate (BIS), adjusting for systemic diseases and associated risk factors. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study. We identified all subjects who reported receiving oral bisphosphonate from 2008 to 2015 (N = 30) using the electronic health records of each patient to identify suitable radiographs for analysis. For the longitudinal data analysis, 26 subjects were eligible for inclusion, having at least two exposures of the complete mouth set or repeated bitewing radiographs at least a one-year interval; they were then matched on age and sex to another 26 patients who did not report receiving bisphosphonate at any point of their life. Results Mild periodontitis was higher in the BIS group compared to the no BIS group; however, moderate periodontitis was higher in the no BIS group. For those who did not take oral BIS, change over time was not significant after the two-year period. However, the BIS group had experienced 0.088 mm more bone loss compared to the no BIS group (95% CI: 0.001, 0.176. P-value = 0.048), adjusting for all other variables included in the model. Conclusion The group that reported receiving oral bisphosphonates showed no improvement in maintaining alveolar bone level, and the use of oral BIS may not be effective in reducing annual alveolar bone loss; however, emerging evidence is promising for the use of bisphosphonate as an adjunctive local delivery medication for the management of periodontal diseases.

scholarly journals Local and Systemic Responses in Matrix Metalloproteinase 8-Deficient Mice during Porphyromonas gingivalis-Induced Periodontitis

2008 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 850-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Kuula ◽  
Tuula Salo ◽  
Emma Pirilä ◽  
Anita M. Tuomainen ◽  
Matti Jauhiainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
Type I ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Vldl Particle

ABSTRACT Periodontitis is a bacterium-induced chronic inflammation that destroys tissues that attach teeth to jaw bone. Pathologically excessive matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8) is among the key players in periodontal destruction by initiating type I collagen degradation. We studied MMP-8 in Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced periodontitis by using MMP-8-deficient (MMP8 −/− ) and wild-type (WT) mice. Alveolar bone loss, inflammatory mediator expression, serum immunoglobulin, and lipoprotein responses were investigated to clarify the role of MMP-8 in periodontitis and systemic inflammatory responses. P. gingivalis infection induced accelerated site-specific alveolar bone loss in both MMP8 −/− and WT mice relative to uninfected mice. The most extensive bone degradation took place in the P. gingivalis-infected MMP8 −/− group. Surprisingly, MMP-8 significantly attenuated (P < 0.05) P. gingivalis-induced site-specific alveolar bone loss. Increased alveolar bone loss in P. gingivalis-infected MMP8 −/− and WT mice was associated with increase in gingival neutrophil elastase production. Serum lipoprotein analysis demonstrated changes in the distribution of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles; unlike the WT mice, the MMP8 −/− mice underwent a shift toward a smaller HDL/VLDL particle sizes. P. gingivalis infection increased the HDL/VLDL particle size in the MMP8 −/− mice, which is an indicator of lipoprotein responses during systemic inflammation. Serum total lipopolysaccharide activity and the immunoglobulin G-class antibody level in response to P. gingivalis were significantly elevated in both infected mice groups. Thus, MMP-8 appears to act in a protective manner inhibiting the development of bacterium-induced periodontal tissue destruction, possibly through the processing anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Bacterium-induced periodontitis, especially in MMP8 −/− mice, is associated with systemic inflammatory and lipoprotein changes that are likely involved in early atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Mast cells contribute to alveolar bone loss in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats with periodontal disease regulating cytokines production

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247372
Author(s):  
Victor Gustavo Balera Brito ◽  
Mariana Sousa Patrocinio ◽  
Maria Carolina Linjardi Sousa ◽  
Ayná Emanuelli Alves Barreto ◽  
Sabrina Cruz Tfaile Frasnelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Inflammatory Status

Mast cells (MCs) play a pivotal role in inflammatory responses and had been studied in inflammatory bone disorders, however, their role in alveolar bone loss induced by periodontal disease (PD) is not yet fully understood. We, therefore, aimed to evaluate the effects of MCs depletion in the PD-induced alveolar bone loss in Wistar (W) and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRs). PD was induced by ligating the lower first molars with silk thread one day after the MCs depletion, by the pre-treatment with compound 48/80 for 4 days. After 15 days of PD induction, the hemi-mandibles were surgically collected for qRT-PCR, histological analyses, immunostaining, and ELISA. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was verified by tail plethysmography to confirm the hypertensive status, and SHR presented SBP >150 mmHg, and previous MC depletion alone or associated with PD did not alter this parameter. SHRs showed a more severe alveolar bone loss compared to W, and MC depletion significantly inhibited this response in both strains, with a more significant response in SHRs. MCs were less abundant in 48/80+PD groups, thus validating the previous MCs depletion in our model. PD increased the number of MC in the gingival tissue of SHR. Cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and CXCL3) was constitutively higher in SHR and increased further after PD, which was also significantly reduced in the MCs-depleted animals. PD led to an increased expression of Opn, Rankl, Rank, Vtn, Itga5, Itgb5, Trap, and Ctsk in the mandible of W and SHRs, which was reversed in MCs-depleted animals. These results suggest that MCs significantly contributes to the PD-induced alveolar bone resorption, especially in the SHR, which is associated with a more severe PD progression compared to Wistar, partly explained by these cells contribution to the inflammatory status and mediator production, stimulating osteoclast-related response markers, which were reduced after MC depletion in our experimental model.

scholarly journals A Diet Rich in Saturated Fat and Cholesterol Aggravates the Effect of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide on Alveolar Bone Loss in a Rabbit Model of Periodontal Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1405
Author(s):  
Alfonso Varela-López ◽  
Pedro Bullón ◽  
César L. Ramírez-Tortosa ◽  
María D. Navarro-Hortal ◽  
María Robles-Almazán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver

Increasing evidence connects periodontitis with a variety of systemic diseases, including metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The proposal of this study was to evaluate the role of diets rich in saturated fat and cholesterol in some aspects of periodontal diseases in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced model of periodontal disease in rabbits and to assess the influence of a periodontal intervention on hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, and NAFLD progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Male rabbits were maintained on a commercial standard diet or a diet rich in saturated fat (3% lard w/w) and cholesterol (1.3% w/w) (HFD) for 40 days. Half of the rabbits on each diet were treated 2 days per week with intragingival injections of LPS from Porphyromonas gingivalis. Morphometric analyses revealed that LPS induced higher alveolar bone loss (ABL) around the first premolar in animals receiving standard diets, which was exacerbated by the HFD diet. A higher score of acinar inflammation in the liver and higher blood levels of triglycerides and phospholipids were found in HFD-fed rabbits receiving LPS. These results suggest that certain dietary habits can exacerbate some aspects of periodontitis and that bad periodontal health can contribute to dyslipidemia and promote NAFLD progression, but only under certain conditions.

scholarly journals Effects of smoking on resorption of the residual alveolar ridges in complete denture wearers

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 409-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dubravka Markovic ◽  
Bojana Jefic ◽  
Duska Blagojevic ◽  
Larisa Blazic
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
Complete Denture ◽  
Alveolar Ridge ◽  
Oral Epithelial Dysplasia

Introduction Based on literature data it is obvious that there is a connection between smoking and periodontal diseases. Alveolar bone loss increases with smoking. Tobacco smoking affects the proportion of subgingival bacterial flora by influencing oxidoreduction potential of dental plaque and thus making conditions for development of anaerobic bacteria. According to some researchers, smoking affects the mineral component of bone tissue. Orthopantomograms show higher level of alveolar bone loss in smokers than in nonsmokers with the same level of oral hygiene. The aim of this study was to establish if smoking affects alveolar bone loss in complete denture wearers. Material and methods Our clinical investigation included 60 patients of both sexes (30 smokers and 30 nonsmokers) all complete dentures wearers. All patients met study criteria: jaw relation and smokers who smoke over 20 cigarettes per day. All subjects were interviewed, and after that orthopantomograms were made. They were used to calculate the degree of alveolar bone loss. Results The examined subjects were approximately of the same age. Mean age of smokers was 59.9 and nonsmokers 61.8. It was established that differences regarding resorption in men were not significant. The degree of resorption in women smokers and women nonsmokers was different, but differences were not significant. Discussion It has been proven that the number of cigarettes smoked per day is very important. It is considered that the risk of oral epithelial dysplasia increases when smoking more than 20 cigarettes per day. Considering our results regarding resorption of edentulous alveolar ridge in smokers and nonsmokers, we concluded that there were no significant differences. There are opinions in literature that smoking is not an etiological factor in resorption, but there are some opinions that smoking is connected with the degree of resorption in periodontium. The analyses of resorptive changes in edentulous smokers were done only around implants and it was estimated that smoking has more influence than other clinical risk factors. Conclusion On the bases of our research we may conclude that smoking does not directly affect the degree of resorption of edentulous alveolar ridge with complete denture wearers.

scholarly journals Comparative effects of riboflavin, nicotinamide and folic acid on alveolar bone loss: A morphometric and histopathologic study in rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 273-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysun Akpınar ◽  
Nebı Karakan ◽  
Aysan Alpan ◽  
Suat Dogan ◽  
Fahrettin Goze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Osteoblastic Activity ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Mandibular Molar

Introduction. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory and osteolytic disease. Vitamin B complex is a class of water-soluble vitamins that play important roles in cell metabolism. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of riboflavin (RBF), nicotinamide (NA), and folic acid (FA) on alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis rat model. Methods. Sixty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following eight groups: Control, Ligated, RBF50 (RBF, 50 mg/kg daily), NA50 (NA, 50 mg/kg daily), FA50 (FA, 50 mg/kg daily), RBF100 (RBF, 100 mg/kg daily), NA100 (NA, 100 mg/kg daily), and FA100 (FA, 100 mg/kg daily). Periodontitis was induced using silk ligature around the right first mandibular molar. After 11 days the rats were sacrificed. Mandible and serum samples were collected. Changes in alveolar bone levels were measured clinically, and periodontal tissues were examined histopathologically. Serum IL-1? (pg/ml) levels were analyzed by using ELISA. Results. Mean alveolar bone loss in the mandibular first molar tooth revealed to be significantly lower in RBF100 group than in the Control group. In the Ligated group, alveolar bone loss was significantly higher than in all other groups. The ratio of presence of inflammatory cell infiltration in the Ligated group was significantly higher than in the Control group. The differences in the serum IL-1? levels between the groups were not statistically significant. Osteoclasts that were observed in the Ligated group were significantly higher than those of the Control and FA100 groups. The osteoblastic activity in the Ligated group, RBF100, and NA100 groups were shown to be significantly higher than those in the Control group. Conclusion. This study has demonstrated that systemic administration of RBF, NA, and FA in different dosages (50-100 mg/kg) reduced alveolar bone loss in periodontal disease in rats.

scholarly journals Association between Periodontal Disease and Comorbidities in Saudi’s Eastern Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Marwa Madi ◽  
Hatem M. Abuohashish ◽  
Dina Attia ◽  
Norah AlQahtani ◽  
Nabras Alrayes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Multivariable Regression Models

The incidence of periodontal diseases is associated with multiple comorbidities that influence a patient’s treatment planning. This study evaluates the relation between periodontal disease and multiple comorbidities reported in the Saudi population from the Eastern province. This study was conducted on 190 patients, who visited the periodontology clinics at Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia. Demographic data, smoking habits, past medical and dental histories, blood pressure, random blood glucose, and recent haemoglobin A1c were recorded. A comprehensive periodontal examination included the number of missing teeth, pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), and mobility of all teeth except third molars. Radiographic bone loss was measured on standardized full-mouth periapical radiographs. Multivariable regression models were calculated aiming to see the association between different comorbidities and alveolar bone loss with confounders controlled. Out of 190 periodontitis patients, 56 (29.5%) were males and 134 (70.5%) were females. More than half of the patients (60%) were between 26 and 50 years, 30% of them had diabetes, and 18% were smokers. The risk of alveolar bone loss was higher in persons who had diabetes and those who had both diabetes and coronary heart disease than those who did not, although the association was not statistically significant ( B = 1.26 , 95 % CI = − 0.30 , 2.82, and B = 2.86 , 95 % CI = − 1.25 , 6.96, respectively). The risk of alveolar bone loss was significantly higher among persons with diabetes and hypertension ( B = 2.82 and 95 % CI = 0.89 , 4.75). Collectively, the risk of alveolar bone loss in periodontitis patients increases with diabetes in the presence of other comorbidities regardless of smoking or gender.

scholarly journals Annual Alveolar Bone Loss in Older Adults Taking Oral Bisphosphonate: a Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Helmi ◽  
Sara AlOsaimy ◽  
J. Max Goodson ◽  
Hatice Hasturk ◽  
Zuhair S. Natto
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
P Value ◽  
Oral Bisphosphonate ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Although several studies assessed the effect of bisphosphonate (BIS) administration on alveolar bone loss, this relationship using longitudinal analysis has not been fully investigated. The aim of the this article is to predict annual alveolar bone loss in a subpopulation of older adults patients who were taking oral bisphosphonate (BIS) adjusting for systemic diseases and associated risk factors. Methods This is a case-control study. We identified all subjects that reported receiving oral bisphosphonate from 2008 – 2015 (N=30) using the electronic health records of each patient to identify suitable radiographs for analysis. For longitudinal data analysis, 26 eligible subjects for inclusion to have at least two exposures of complete mouth set or repeated bitewing radiographs with at least one-year interval, then matched on age and sex to another 26 patients who did not report receiving bisphosphonate at any point of their life. Results Mild periodontitis was higher in the BIS group compared to the no BIS group; however, moderate periodontitis was higher in the no BIS group. For those who did not take oral BIS, change over time was not significant after the two-year period. However, BIS group had experienced 0.088 mm more bone loss compared to no BIS group (95% CI: 0.001, 0.176. P-value = 0.048), adjusting for all other variables included in the model. Conclusion The group who reported receiving oral bisphosphonates showed no improvement in maintaining alveolar bone level, and the use of oral BIS may not be effective in reducing annual alveolar bone loss, however, emerging evidence is promising for the use of bisphosphonate as an adjunctive local delivery medication for management of periodontal diseases.

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