scholarly journals Mycosinthetized Ag, CuO and ZnO nanoparticles from a promising Trichoderma harzianum strain and their antifungal potential against important phytopathogens

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Fabiana Consolo ◽  
Andrés Torres-Nicolini ◽  
Vera Alejandra Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Extracellular Biosynthesis ◽  
Cuo Nps ◽  
Fungal Phytopathogens

AbstractFungal green biosynthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) is a promising eco-friendly method for mass-scale production. In the present study Ag, CuO and ZnO nanoparticles were biogenically synthetized using a cell filtrate of a strain of Trichoderma harzianum as a reducer and stabilizer agent. The structure, morphology and physicochemical properties of the NPs were characterized through transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, wide angle X-ray scattering and thermogravimetric analysis. Since nanotechnology could offer promising applications in agricultural area, we evaluated the ability of the NPs to reduce the growth of important fungal phytopathogens as Alternaria alternata, Pyricularia oryzae and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Silver and CuO NPs reduced significantly the mycelial growth of A. alternata and P. oryzae in a dose dependent manner. This is the first report of a multiple extracellular biosynthesis of NPs from T. harzianum and the first time that CuO and ZnO NPs were obtained from this fungus. In addition, we highlighted the rapid production of NPs, as well as, the potential of Ag and CuO for the control of phytopathogens. On the other hand, the three types of NPs could be easily and sustainably produced on a large scale with the chance of having multiple applications in biotechnological processes.

Microwave Assisted ZnO Nanoparticles by Simple Precipitation Method: A Novel Approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 2150010
Author(s):  
Lalita D. Deshmukh
Keyword(s):  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

Stated work consisted synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) by the irradiation of microwaves. Material is formed by a simple chemical precipitation method by using Zinc Acetate Dehydrate (Zn(CH3COO)2[Formula: see text]2H2O) and Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as base chemicals in aqueous media for two different pH (12 and 14) values. This synthesis was carried out at room temperature. Synthesized NPs are dried in Microwave oven for 3 min of duration each. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) study confirmed the trend of incremental crystallinity upon increasing pH. XRD reveals the existence of (100), (002), (101), (102) and (110) reflections at [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] two theta values, respectively. Crystallite size was determined by both Scherrer formula and W–H plot method. UV-Vis spectroscopy is utilized to probe the optical features of ZnO NPs. This confirms intrinsic excitonic transition properties of ZnO. UV absorbance shows decrement upon increasing pH value. Band gap depicts the decremental behavior upon increasing pH. Stated method is a novel and time saving method for ZnO NPs synthesis; a large scale production is also feasible by this method.

Large scale production of hexagonal ZnO nanoparticles using PVP as a surfactant

2016 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 284-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.J. Yu ◽  
M. Rajesh Kumar ◽  
D.L. Sun ◽  
L.T. Wang ◽  
R.Y. Hong
Keyword(s):  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Scale Production

scholarly journals Environmental Impacts of Distributed Manufacturing from 3-D Printing of Polymer Components and Products

2013 ◽  
Vol 1492 ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Kreiger ◽  
Joshua M. Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Distributed Manufacturing ◽  
And Performance

ABSTRACTAlthough additive layer manufacturing is well established for rapid prototyping the low throughput and historic costs have prevented mass-scale adoption. The recent development of the RepRap, an open source self-replicating rapid prototyper, has made low-cost 3-D printers readily available to the public at reasonable prices (<$1,000). The RepRap (Prusa Mendell variant) currently prints 3-D objects in a 200x200x140 square millimeters build envelope from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polylactic acid (PLA). ABS and PLA are both thermoplastics that can be injection-molded, each with their own benefits, as ABS is rigid and durable, while PLA is plant-based and can be recycled and composted. The melting temperature of ABS and PLA enable use in low-cost 3-D printers, as these temperature are low enough to use in melt extrusion in the home, while high enough for prints to retain their shape at average use temperatures. Using 3-D printers to manufacture provides the ability to both change the fill composition by printing voids and fabricate shapes that are impossible to make using tradition methods like injection molding. This allows more complicated shapes to be created while using less material, which could reduce environmental impact.As the open source 3-D printers continue to evolve and improve in both cost and performance, the potential for economically-viable distributed manufacturing of products increases. Thus, products and components could be customized and printed on-site by individual consumers as needed, reversing the historical trend towards centrally mass-manufactured and shipped products. Distributed manufacturing reduces embodied transportation energy from the distribution of conventional centralized manufacturing, but questions remain concerning the potential for increases in the overall embodied energy of the manufacturing due to reduction in scale. In order to quantify the environmental impact of distributed manufacturing using 3-D printers, a life cycle analysis was performed on a plastic juicer. The energy consumed and emissions produced from conventional large-scale production overseas are compared to experimental measurements on a RepRap producing identical products with ABS and PLA. The results of this LCA are discussed in relation to the environmental impact of distributed manufacturing with 3-D printers and polymer selection for 3-D printing to reduce this impact. The results of this study show that distributed manufacturing uses less energy than conventional manufacturing due to the RepRap's unique ability to reduce fill composition. Distributed manufacturing also has less emissions than conventional manufacturing when using PLA and when using ABS with solar photovoltaic power. The results of this study indicate that open-source additive layer distributed manufacturing is both technically viable and beneficial from an ecological perspective.

scholarly journals Preliminary Economic Study on the Production of ZnO Nanoparticles Using a Sol-Gel Synthesis Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Fikri Aziz Shalahuddin ◽  
Sera Serinda Almekahdinah ◽  
Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Material Cost ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis

The economic evaluation is one of the key points in building chemical industries. This paper presented a preliminary economic evaluation of the large scale production of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using the sol-gel method, which is very useful for helping decision whether the fabrication of this material profitable or not. Particularly, the study was done by changing the cost of raw material, which was compared to several economic parameters such as GPM, PBP, and CNPV. The result showed that the project was profitable by increasing raw material cost below 100% from the estimated raw material cost, informing the fact for the prospective fabrication for fulfilling the demand of ZnO nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Large-Scale Preparation of Polymer Nanofibers for Air Filtration by a New Multineedle Electrospinning Device

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yuan Xu ◽  
Xiao Li ◽  
Hong-Fei Xiang ◽  
Qian-Qian Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Xiong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Polymer Nanofibers ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
New Device

There are still some challenges for mass-scale production via electrospinning (e-spinning). For example, the cost of industrialized equipment is relatively expensive, and the subsequent maintenance costs are high. The reliability and stability of the production process are also one of the important challenges. The recycling of organic solvents and the volatilization of solvents not only affect the quality of nanofibers, but also causes environmental pollution. In this work, a new multineedle e-spinning device has been proposed for large-scale production of polymer nanofibers. The spinning solution is provided through the outside surface of the needle to avoid needle clogging problem, which is different from the traditional multineedle e-spinning. The successful preparation of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofiber membrane with production rate ~50 g h-1 proves the feasibility of the device, which also can be used to prepare other functional nanofibers such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN). The prepared TPU nanofiber gauze has been characterized. The average fiber diameter was 145.3 nm. The surface of the sample was found to be uniform, and the water contact angle was 138.9°. The sample had gas permeability of 1500 mm s-1, excellent PM2.5 removal efficiency of 99.897%, and optical transparency of ~56%, indicating that the new device has a practical application perspective.

Toxicity of Zirconia oxide Nanoparticles: Liver Biodistribution and Liver Damages

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Sun ◽  
Lingling Ou ◽  
Xiaozhen Zhan ◽  
Wenxin Zhao ◽  
Rui Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Toxicological Effects

Abstract Background: Zirconia nanoparticles (ZrO2-NPs) have been increasingly used in industrial, biomedical and dental materials. However, the scientific basis for the toxicological effects of ZrO2-NPs is poorly elucidated, and the understanding of the underlying mechanism is still limited. Results: The hepatic biodistribution and toxicological effects of ZrO2-NPs after intravenous administration (20mg/kg bw) in vivo and the toxicological mechanism toward hepatocytes in vitro were investigated. The liver showed continuous ZrO2-NP accumulations liver over a 28-d period. Moreover, ZrO2-NPs induced oxidative stress and increased inflammatory responses and functional injury in the liver. Hepasteatosis and cell death were observed in histopathological and immunohistochemical studies. RNA-seq identified the main pathways involved in the metabolism, cellular process, and human diseases. The RT-qPCR analysis results showed that ZrO2-NP exposure caused the upregulation of P53, Foxo1, Gadd45g, P21, Caspase3, and PPARα and the downregulation of Igfbp2 and Akt in the liver in response to the ZrO2-NP treatment. Meanwhile, the results of the in vitro studies demonstrated that ZrO2-NPs exposure resulted in cytotoxicity in Hepg2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. ZrO2-NPs were proven to induce oxidative stress, lipid accumulation, cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis to Hepg2 cells. Western-blot analysis further proved the depression of Igfbp2, activation of Akt-mediated signaling pathway and P53-mediated signaling pathway for Hepg2 cells exposure to ZrO2-NPs. Conclusions: This study proves that ZrO2-NPs have negative impacts on the liver and exhibit potential risks for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). There is potential concern over ZrO2-NPs' hepatoxicity in biomedical applications and occupational exposure through large-scale production.

scholarly journals Influence of Organic Ligands on the Colloidal Stability and Removal of ZnO Nanoparticles from Synthetic Waters by Coagulation

Processes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizwan Khan ◽  
Muhammad Inam ◽  
Du Park ◽  
Saba Zam Zam ◽  
Sookyo Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Organic Ligands ◽  
Hydrodynamic Diameter ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Excess Charge ◽  
Zno Nps

The large-scale production and usage of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) may lead to their post-release into the aquatic environment. In this study, the effect of hydrophobic/hydrophilic organic ligands on sorption and sedimentation of ZnO NPs has been systematically investigated. In addition, the coagulation efficiency of ZnO NPs, Zn2+, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and UV254 with varying ferric chloride (FC) dosages in synthetic waters were also evaluated. The results showed that the higher concentration of organic ligands, i.e., humic acid (HA), salicylic acid (SA), and L-cysteine (L-cys) reduced the ζ-potential and hydrodynamic diameter (HDD) of particles, which enhanced the NPs stability. The adsorption of organic ligands onto ZnO NPs was fitted with the Langmuir model, with maximum adsorption capacities of 143, 40.47, and 66.05 mg/g for HA, SA and L-cys respectively. Removal of up to 95% of ZnO NPs and Zn2+ was achieved in studied waters at the effective coagulation zone (ECR), above which excess charge induced by coagulant restabilized the NPs in suspension. Moreover, the removal rate of DOC and UV254 were found to be higher in hydrophobic waters than hydrophilic waters. The width of ECR strongly depends on the characteristics of source water. The waters with hydrophobic ligand and higher UV254 values require more coagulant than hydrophilic waters to achieve the similar ZnO NPs and Zn2+ removal. The results of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis of ZnO NPs composite contaminant flocs indicated that the combined effect of enmeshment and charge neutralization might be a possible removal mechanism. These findings may facilitate the prediction of fate, transport, and removal of ZnO NPs in the natural waters, and might contribute to risk assessment, as well as decision making about engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in aquatic systems.

scholarly journals Features of bioaccumulation and toxic effects of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles under repeated inhalation exposure in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (10) ◽  
pp. 1139-1144
Author(s):  
Nina V. Zaitseva ◽  
Marina A. Zemlyanova ◽  
Mark S. Stepankov ◽  
Anna M. Ignatova ◽  
Alena E. Nikolaeva
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Cuo Nps

Introduction. Active use in various spheres of economic activity, large-scale production and the availability of data on toxicity determine the relevance of studying the effects of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) on the body during inhalation exposure. Material and Methods. The size, surface area, and pore volume of CuO NPs were determined. The study and assessment of biochemical and hematological parameters of blood, the degree of bioaccumulation of nanomaterial, pathomorphological changes in organs of rats exposed to CuO NPs were carried out. The studies were carried out in comparison with a microsized analogue (CuO MPs). Results. The size of CuO NPs in the composition of the native powder is 305.00 times less than that of CuO MPs. The surface area and pore volume are 9.61 and 9.33 times larger, respectively. After exposure to CuO NPs in the blood of rats relative to the control, the levels of activity of ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, LDH, amylase, AOA, MDA and the concentration of CRP increased by 1.49-2.23 times, the content of urea decreased by 1.41 times; relative number of eosinophils, leukocyte count, RDW by 1.31-5.39 times increased, relative number of segmented neutrophils decreased by 1.37 and monocytes by 1.42 times. The effect of NPs, in comparison with MPs, is more pronounced in increasing the activity of ALT, AST, LDH, MDA and the concentration of CRP by 1.25-1.68 times and in reducing the concentration of urea by 1.21 times; in increase the relative number of eosinophils by 2.37 and the count of leukocytes by 1.61 times. The concentration of copper under the action of NPs increases relative to the control in the lungs, liver, stomach, intestines and kidneys by 1.59-6.99 times. The degree of bioaccumulation of nanoparticles is 1.20-2.12 times higher than that of microparticles in the lungs, liver, stomach, and kidneys. Conclusion. Functional and pathomorphological changes caused by CuO NPs are more pronounced in the lungs, stomach, and small intestine in comparison with microparticles. It was confirmed that the studied CuO particles are nanomaterials. They have a more pronounced bioaccumulation and toxic effect relative to the microdispersed analogue.

Large-scale production ofPlasmodium vivaxsporozoites

Parasitology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ponnudurai ◽  
A. H. W. Lensen ◽  
G. J. van Gemert ◽  
M. Bolmer ◽  
A. van Belkum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Anopheles Stephensi ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Membrane Feeding ◽  
Mass Scale Production

SUMMARYMass-scale production ofPlasmodium vivaxsporozoites inAnopheles stephensiwas achieved using the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) as a source of infective blood. Membrane feeding was as successful as feeding mosquitoes directly on the animal so long as the time between drawing the blood and feeding was restricted to 45 min. Longer delays such as 2–3 h resulted in loss of infectivity in terms of oocyst production. The selected strain ofA. stephensiwas highly susceptible toP. vivax(Chesson strain). A strain ofA. stephensirelatively refractory toP. falciparumshowed no cross-refractoriness toP. vivax. Mixed infections ofP. falciparumandP. vivaxdid not interfere with each other in their development inA. stephensi. A second normal blood meal to mosquitoes infected withP. vivaxincreased the yield of salivary gland sporozoites.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document