scholarly journals Bioprospecting microwave-alkaline hydrolysate cocktail of defatted soybean meal and jackfruit peel biomass as carrier additive of molasses-alginate-bead biofertilizer

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Aidilfitri Mohamad Roslan ◽  
Zulfazli M. Sobri ◽  
Ali Tan Kee Zuan ◽  
Sim Choon Cheak ◽  
Nor Aini Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Alginate Bead ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Free Cell ◽  
Defatted Soybean Meal ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysate ◽  
Enterobacter Hormaechei ◽  
Microwave Power Level ◽  
Central Composite

AbstractThe extraction of soluble hydrolysate protein and sugar from a biomass cocktail of defatted soybean meal (DSM) and jackfruit peel (JP) was examined using microwave-alkaline hydrolysis by varying the NaOH concentrations (0.04–0.11 M) and residence times (2–11 min). Based on the central composite design, the optimized parameters were achieved at 0.084 M NaOH concentration (100 mL), for 8.7 min at 300 W microwave power level to obtain the highest protein (5.31 mg/mL) and sugar concentrations (8.07 mg/mL) with > 75% recovery. Both raw and detoxified hydrolysate (using activated carbon) were correspondingly biocompatible with Enterobacter hormaechei strain 40a (P > 0.05) resulting in maximal cell counts of > 10 log CFU/mL. The optimized hydrolysate was prepared as an additive in molasses-alginate bead encapsulation of strain 40a. Further evaluation on phosphate and potassium solubilization performance of the encapsulated strain 40a exhibited comparable results with those of free cell counterpart (P > 0.05). The DSM-JP hydrolysate cocktail holds potential as a carrier additive of encapsulated-cell bead biofertilizers in order to sustain bacterial cell quality and consequently improve crop growth and productivity.

Study of color kinetics of banana (Musa cavendish) under microwave drying by application of image analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 108201322098133
Author(s):  
Sagar Nagvanshi ◽  
Subbarao Kotra Venkata ◽  
TK Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Power ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Microwave Drying ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Volumetric Heating ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Microwave Power Level

Microwave drying works on the volumetric heating concept promoted by electromagnetic radiation at 0.915 or 2.450 GHz. In this study, banana ( Musa Cavendish) was taken as the sample and treated under microwave drying. The effect of two process variables, namely slice thickness (2, 3.5, and 5 mm) and microwave power (180 W, 360 W, and 540 W), were studied on drying kinetics and color kinetics. It was observed that the inverse variation relationship exists between drying time and microwave power level while drying time and slice thickness exhibited a direct variation relationship. A Computer Vision System (CVS) was developed to measure the color values of banana in CIELab space using an algorithm written in MATLAB software. Once the color parameters were obtained, they were fitted in First and Zero-order kinetic models. Both models were found to describe the color values adequately. This study concludes that microwave drying is a promising dehydration technique for banana drying that reduces the significant time of drying. Application of CVS is an excellent approach to measure the surface color of banana.

A new rapid synthesis of potassium borates by microwave irradiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-272
Author(s):  
Sibel İla ◽  
Azmi Seyhun Kipcak ◽  
Emek Moroydor Derun
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Boron Compounds ◽  
Potassium Borate ◽  
Optimum Synthesis ◽  
Boron Minerals ◽  
Linear Optical Properties ◽  
Microwave Power Level

Potassium borates are one of the minor groups of boron minerals with its distinct non-linear optical properties. In this study, potassium borate compound of santite (KB5O8·4H2O) are synthesized using potassium carbonate (K2CO3) and boric acid (H3BO3) with a new and rapid method of microwave irradiation. The synthesized minerals are characterized by various analysis techniques of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Three parameters of “microwave power level”, “reaction times” and “reaction stoichiometric constants (elemental potassium to boron ratios)” are determined for the optimum synthesis of potassium borate within the four step. At the end of the step 4, optimum products are obtained as santite type potassium borate. Synthesized potassium borates Raman bands are in mutual agreement with the boron compounds and the overall reaction yields to potassium borates are very high compared with the lower reaction times.

Microwave-Irradiated Preparation of Super Absorbent Resin by Graft Copolymerization of Starch and Acrylic Acid

2011 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 1335-1338
Author(s):  
Da Biao Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Simple Process ◽  
One Step ◽  
Microwave Power Level

Graft copolymerization of acrylic acid(AA) on starch to prepare super absorbent resin (SAR) under microwave irradiation were investigated using N,N-methylene bis-acrylamide as crosslinker and potassium persulfate as initiator. The influences of the amount of initiator and crosslinker, neutralization degree of acrylic acid(AA), ratio of starch to AA, microwave power level and irradiation time on the distilled water absorption amount of resin were investigated. The results indicated that it only needed 4min under the microwave level of 231W to obtain the resin with the maximum absorption amount of 1110g×g-1, under the conditions that 0.3wt% initiator, 0.02wt% crosslinker, 60% neutralization degree of acrylic acid, the ratio of starch to acrylic acid of 0.25. Under microwave irradiation, the synthesis and drying of super absorbent resin could be completed at one step without nitrogen. Compared to conventional heating method, the methods had the striking advantages of short reaction time, simple process and low cost.

Processing Parameters of Continuous Microwave Heating of Ethylene-Propylene Terpolymer

1984 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Microwave Power ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Microwave Power Level ◽  
Absorption Characteristics

Abstract In continuous microwave heating, the temperature rise of rubber extrudates and the level of unabsorbed or reflected microwave power are strongly dependent upon the microwave power level, residence time, and extrudate configuration. It is therefore essential to control these processing parameters, together with the energy absorption characteristics of rubber materials, to improve the efficiency of microwave heating process.

Isoflavone during protease hydrolysis of defatted soybean meal

2010 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianping Wu ◽  
Alister D. Muir
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Defatted Soybean Meal ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Experimental Research on Tensile Strength Reduction of Concrete Caused by Microwave Irradiation

2013 ◽  
Vol 405-408 ◽  
pp. 2789-2794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Dai ◽  
Dong Cao
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Microwave Power ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Strength Reduction ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Microwave Exposure ◽  
Microwave Power Level

In order to understand the law on concrete degradation induced by microwave irradiation, the experimental research is conducted in which the following works are completed. At first, the different concrete specimens are exposed to microwave of various power levels for various time periods, and then some specimen irradiated by microwave are cooled in air, the other cooled by spraying water. After that, the tensile strengths of the heated and unheated specimens are measured with Brazilian test method. According to the test results, the reduction of tensile strength of plain concrete and steel-fiber reinforced concrete induced by microwave irradiation is analyzed, and the relations between the tensile strength reduction and the microwave exposure time and the effect of microwave power level on the residual tensile strength of concrete are obtained. The experimental research shows that the tensile strength reduction of concrete induced by microwave irradiation is dependent on the concrete component, microwave exposure time, microwave power level, and cooling method after irradiation. It is expected that the findings in the paper will become the basis of the future research of concrete and rock degradation induced by microwave irradiation, and will aim in searching the new method of breaking concrete and rock more efficiently.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document