scholarly journals Effect of particle size on phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties of Sargassum cristaefolium ethanol extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Prasedya ◽  
A. Frediansyah ◽  
N. W. R. Martyasari ◽  
B. K. Ilhami ◽  
A. S. Abidin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Epicatechin Gallate ◽  
Particle Size Reduction ◽  
Phytochemical Composition

AbstractSample particle size is an important parameter in the solid–liquid extraction system of natural products for obtaining their bioactive compounds. This study evaluates the effect of sample particle size on the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of brown macroalgae Sargassum cristaefolium. The crude ethanol extract was extracted from dried powders of S.cristeafolium with various particle sizes (> 4000 µm, > 250 µm, > 125 µm, > 45 µm, and < 45 µm). The ethanolic extracts of S.cristaefolium were analysed for Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), phenolic compound concentration and antioxidant activities. The extract yield and phytochemical composition were more abundant in smaller particle sizes. Furthermore, the TPC (14.19 ± 2.08 mg GAE/g extract to 43.27 ± 2.56 mg GAE/g extract) and TFC (9.6 ± 1.8 mg QE/g extract to 70.27 ± 3.59 mg QE/g extract) values also significantly increased as particle sizes decreased. In addition, phenolic compounds epicatechin (EC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin (EGC), and Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) concentration were frequently increased in samples of smaller particle sizes based on two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison analysis. These results correlate with the significantly stronger antioxidant activity in samples with smaller particle sizes. The smallest particle size (< 45 µm) demonstrated the strongest antioxidant activity based on DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl assay and FRAP. In addition, ramp function graph evaluates the desired particle size for maximum phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity is 44 µm. In conclusion, current results show the importance of particle size reduction of macroalgae samples to increase the effectivity of its biological activity.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF GELATIN AND GLUTARALDEHYDE CONCENTRATIONS ON CHARACTERISTICS OF CANTIGI (Vaccinium Varingiaefolium Miq.) EXTRACT LOADED GELATIN NANOPARTICLES AS ANTIOXIDANT

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Kosasih Kosasih ◽  
Wahono Sumaryono ◽  
Diky Mudhakir ◽  
Agus Supriyono ◽  
Yulius Evan Christian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Gelatin Nanoparticles ◽  
Nanoparticle Morphology

Cantigi is an endemic plant of sub-alpine area of Mount Tangkuban Parahu in Bandung, Indonesia. Previous study showed ethanol extract of young red leaves had antioxidant activity, however no information on this activity if changed into nanoparticles. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of gelatin and glutaraldehyde concentrations on the characteristics of Cantigi extract loaded gelatin nanoparticles and to evaluate the antioxidant activity of nanoparticles. Cantigi leaves were extracted by maceration using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol 96%. The ethanol extract was dried, made into nanoparticles by varying gelatin (0.1; 0.2; and 0.3 g) and glutaraldehyde (0.1; 0.2; and 0.3 mL) amounts, and conducted at 500 rpm and 40 °C for 3 hours. Nanoparticles were evaluated for particle size, zeta potential, morphology, and antioxidant activity. Nanoparticles with glutaraldehyde amount variation had particle sizes (PS) of 105.9±26.2; 37.1±8.7; and 32.5±7.4 nm; polydispersity indeces (PI) of 0.508; 0.717; and 0.563; zeta potential values (ZPV) of 0.55; 0.89; and 0.78 mV; and antioxidant activities (IC50) of 56.15±0.16; 53.67±0.10; and 51.57±0.39 ppm, respectively. Then, nanoparticles with gelatin amounts variation had PS of 22.5±5.1; 37.1±8.7; and 83.3±21 nm; PI of 0.604; 0.717; 0.326; ZPV of 1.27; 0.89; 0.18 mV; and antioxidant activities of 51.58±0.19; 53.67±0.12; and 55.46±0.04 ppm, respectively. Nanoparticle morphology was spherical. Cantigi leaf extract can be made into gelatin nanoparticles; the smaller the concentration of the polymer used and higher the concentration of the glutaraldehyde, the smaller the resulted particle size and increased antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activities of nanoparticles was lower than those of the extract (IC50 16.84±0.30 ppm).

Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. fruits

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Petkova ◽  
Manol Ognyanov ◽  
Blaga Inyutin ◽  
Petar Zhelev ◽  
Panteley Denev
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Malus Baccata

Crab apple (Malus baccata (L.) Borkh.) was mainly distributed in Europe as an ornamental plant, but the nutritional properties of its edible fruits were not fully revealed. The aim of the current study was to characterize the phytochemical composition of ripen carb apple fruits and to evaluate their nutritional and antioxidant potentials. The fruits were assayed for moisture and ash content, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, titratable acidity (TA), pH, total phenolic compounds and natural pigments. Among the analyzed carbohydrates cellulose was found in the highest content (6% dw), followed by sugars (sucrose, glucose and fructose) and 1.8 % dw uronic acids. The total chlorophylls and carotenoids contents in their fruits were 6.51 and 4.80 μg/g fw, respectively. Total monomeric anthocyanins were not detected. The highest content of total phenolic compounds (2.67 mg GAE/g fw) was found in 95 % ethanol extract from fruits, while the total flavonoids were relatively low – 0.1 mg QE/g fw. DPPH assay (17.27 mM TE/g fw) and FRAP assay (14.34 mM TE/g fw) demonstrated in vitro antioxidant activities of crabapple. Malus baccata fruits were evaluated as a rich source of dietary fibers and phenolic compounds with significant antioxidant potential that could be used in human nutrition.

Phytochemical and antioxidant properties of Algerian Medicago Sativa L. Water, Ethenol and Chloroform extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
Hanane Megdad ◽  
Samuel Chiomokhare ◽  
Ahmed M’Hamedi ◽  
Paul L Chazot
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Plant natural products have a long history of being a rich source of neuroactive drugs.The total phenolic and flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of ethanol, chloroform and aqueous extracts of AlgerianMedicagoSativaL, leaves were measured to discover new potential sources of Algerian natural antioxidants and neuroactives. All extracts were non-neurotoxic up to 1 mg/ ml for 24 h exposure. The total phenolcontent of M.Sativa extracts ranged between 38 and 69 mg GAE per g extracts. All of the extracts displayed antioxidant capacityassessed by two methods, but at different levels depending on the concentration and the extraction solvent used. The overall antioxidant potency was in the order water > chloroform> ethanol extracts, and the phenolic content exhibited a positive correlation with the antioxidant activity of M. Sativa extracts.Despite a weaker antioxidant activity, the ethanol extract elicited a calcium spike and suppressed the KCl-induced depolarisation response in neurons, indicating effect on ligand-and/or voltage gated calcium channels. In contrast, the chloroform and water extractsdisplayed no apparent direct functional effects. In conclusion, the antioxidant and functional properties related to phenolic content of Algerian Medicago Sativa L. in water and ethanol extracts, respectively.

Antioxidant Properties of Ethanolic Extract from Ramulus mori (Sangzhi)

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuofa Zhang ◽  
Jie Jin ◽  
Liangen Shi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dependent Manner

The antioxidant properties and total phenolic contents of four fractions of ethanolic extract from Ramulus mori were examined. Various experimental models including superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH) scavenging activity, metal chelating activity, and reducing power were used for characterization of their antioxidant activity. The four fractions showed various degrees of efficacy in each assay in a dose-dependent manner. The third fraction with the highest amount of total phenolics was the most potent antioxidant in all assays used. In addition, the most powerful compound (oxyresveratrol) was isolated and identified followed by on-line HPLC method and characterized by different spectral analysis. Oxyresveratrol exhibited impressive antioxidant activities in scavenging the superoxide radical, hydroxide radical, and DPPH. On the basis of the results obtained, Ramulus mori may serve as a potential source of natural antioxidant due to its significant antioxidant activity and oxyresveratrol may be the most powerful antioxidant in ethanolic extracts of Ramulus mori.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of three Selaginella species from Java Island, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Miftahudin ◽  
Rini Hasibuan ◽  
Tatik Chikmawati
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Different Doses

Abstract. Miftahudin, Hasibuan RS, Chikmawati T. 2019. Antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of three Selaginella species from Java Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3715-3722. Three Selaginella species, S. ornata, S. plana, and S. willdenowii, from Java Island, Indonesia, have been known to have antioxidant properties; however, in vivo antioxidant activities of these species have not been reported. This research aimed to evaluate the in vivo antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of three Selaginella species. The 70% ethanol extract of three Selaginella species at four different doses was administered to mice one day before being treated with oxidative stress. The liver tissue of mice treated with or without oxidative stress was analyzed their lipid peroxidation by measuring MDA concentration and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activities. The results showed that there were variations in antioxidant activity among the three Selaginella species. In general, the dose of 0.3 g extract kg-1 BW has been able to reduce lipid peroxidation and increase SOD activity. The administration of S. ornata extract to the mice at 1.2 g extract kg-1 BW reduced the MDA concentration to the lowest level, but the same dose of two other Selaginella extracts caused toxic effects in mice. The antioxidant activities of S. ornata and S. plana were better than that of S. willdenowii extract, and among those species, S. ornata has the best antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant activities and total phenolic content of hydro-ethanol extract from Phlomis bovei De Noé areal parts

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Hind Amira ◽  
Islem Amira ◽  
Fatima Benchikh ◽  
Hassiba Benabdallah ◽  
Walid Mamache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Ferrous Ions ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Ability Test

The plants of the genus Phlomis are native to Turkey, North Africa, Europe and Asia.  Phlomis bovei De Noé (Lamiaceae) is a rare Algerian endemic plant, commonly known as Kayat El Adjarah. The objective of this study is to quantify the polyphenol content and to evaluate the antioxidant activities of the ethanolic extract (EthE) of Phlomis bovei De Noé. The plant extract was prepared by macerating 100 g of ground material in 1000 ml of 85 % ethanol for 72 h, then the filtrate was evaporated using a rotary evaporator at a temperature of 45C and the filtrate was dried. The total content in polyphenols was determined using Folin Ciocalteu method. Flavonoid content in extracts was determined using Aluminum trichloride assay and the total content of tannins was determined according to Bate Smith method. The antioxidant activity was investigated in vitro by the DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl), ABTS and iron chelating assays. The results indicate that the ethanol extract was rich in polyphenols and has an important capacity of scavenging the DPPH and ABTS free radical with an IC50 of 0.05 and 0.018 mg/ml, respectively. However, in the ferrous ions chelating ability test, PBEE extract showed moderate chelating activity (IC50 = 1.59 ± 0.05 mg/ml). To conclude, the obtained results may contribute to add possible scientific data to use Phlomis bovei industrially as herbal medicine and as supplementary sources for natural antioxidant drugs in food. Keywords: antioxidant activity, ethanol extract, Phlomis bovei De Noé, polyphenol content.

scholarly journals Micronized Oat Husk: Particle Size Distribution, Phenolic Acid Profile and Antioxidant Properties

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5443
Author(s):  
Dariusz Dziki ◽  
Wojciech Tarasiuk ◽  
Urszula Gawlik-Dziki
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Oat Husk

Oat husk (OH; hull) is a by-product generated from oat processing and is rich in insoluble fibre and phenolic compounds. The aim of this work was to study the particle size distribution, antioxidant activity, and phenolic profile of micronized OH. For this purpose, the hull was first sterilized using superheated steam and was then ground using an impact classifier mill. The particle size distribution (PSD) of the ground husk was determined using the laser diffraction method and the parameters characterizing the PSD of the ground husk, and its antioxidant activity were calculated. In addition, UPLC-MS/MS analysis of phenolic acids was also performed. Micronization of the sterilized husk effectively decreased the size of the particles, and with the increasing speed of the rotor and classifier, the median size of the particles (d50) decreased from 63.8 to 16.7 µm. The following phenolic acids were identified in OH: ferulic, caffeic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, syringic, and synapic acid. Ferulic acid constituted about 95% of total phenolic acids. The antioxidant activity of the obtained extracts increased as the particle size of the micronized husk decreased. The highest half maximal inhibitory concentration (EC50 index) was found for chelating power, and the lowest was found in the case of radical scavenging activity against DPPH.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISASI NANOPARTIKEL EKSTRAK ETANOL KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomum burmanii) DENGAN KITOSAN SODIUM TRIPOLIFOSFAT SEBAGAI KANDIDAT ANTIOKSIDAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irma Antasionasti ◽  
Imam Jayanto ◽  
Surya Sumantri Abdullah ◽  
Jainer Pasca Siampa
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Flavonoids Content ◽  
Reducing Activity

Ekstrak etanol kayu manis memiliki kandungan fenol yang tinggi yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan tetapi memiliki bioavailabilitas yang rendah pada kondisi ukuran partikel yang besar. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan analisis karakteristik nanopartikel ekstrak etanol kayu manis. Tujuan penelitian untuk membuat dan mengevaluasi karakteristik nanopartikel ekstrak kayu manis sebagai kandidat antioksidan secara in vitro. Preparasi nanopartikel ekstrak etanol kayu manis dengan metode gelasi ionik. Nanopartikel ekstrak etanol kayu manis memiliki ukuran partikel sebesar 400,3 nm dengan potential zeta +6,60 mV. Spektra Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) menunjukkan adanya gugus hidroksil dan gugus amida dari kitosan dan gugus fosfat dari STPP. Studi aktivitas antioksidan secara in vitro dengan metode 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) dan reduksi besi III menunjukkan bahwa nanopartikel ekstrak etanol kayu manis memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang lebih kecil dibandingkan ekstrak tetapi masih dalam kategori sangat kuat. Aktivitas antioksidan yang diberikan dipengaruhi oleh kandungan total fenolik dan total flavonoid secara berturut-turut sebesar 75,685 ± 1,408 % EAG dan 60,546 ± 0,670 % EK untuk ekstrak etanol kayu manis serta 61,845 ± 0,529 % EAG dan 57,939 ± 0,446 % EK untuk nanopartikel ekstrak etanol kayu manis. Penerapan teknologi nanopartikel pada ekstrak etanol kayu manis melalui ikat silang antara kitosan-TPP dapat mempertahankan aktivitas antioksidannya.ABSTRACT Ethanol extract of cinnamon has a high phenol content which is potential as an antioxidant but has a low bioavailability under conditions of large particle size. Therefore, nanoparticles were prepared for the ethanol extract of cinnamon. The aim of this research was to make and evaluate the characteristics of cinnamon nanoparticles as antioxidant candidates in vitro. The cinnamon nanoparticles were prepared using the ionic gelation method. Cinnamon nanoparticles has a particle size of 400,3 nm with a zeta potential of +6,60 mV. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra showed the presence of a hydroxyl and amida group from chitosan and a phosphate group from STPP. In vitro antioxidant activity studies with the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) method and ferric reducing activity power showed that cinnamon nanoparticle has smaller antioxidant activity than the extract but is still in the very strong category. The antioxidant activity given is influenced by the total phenolic and total flavonoids content 75.685 ± 1.408% EAG and 60.546 ± 0.670% EK for cinnamon ethanol extract. and 61.845 ± 0.529% EAG and 57.939 ± 0.446% EK for cinnamon ethanol extract nanoparticles, respectively The application of nanoparticle technology to the ethanol extract of cinnamon through chitosan-TPP cross-linking can maintain its antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) Strobile Extracts

Plants ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Jae Il Lyu ◽  
Jaihyunk Ryu ◽  
Kyoung-Sun Seo ◽  
Kyung-Yun Kang ◽  
Sang Hoon Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Compound ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Flavonoid Compound ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Extraction Solvent

In this study, we investigated the phenolic compounds in hop strobile extracts and evaluated their antioxidant property using DPPH and ABTS assay. The total phenolic compound (TPC) and total flavonoid compound (TFC) estimated in two different solvent extracts considerably varied depending on the extraction solvent. The most abundant phenolic compound in hop strobile was humulones (α-acid) with levels ranging from 50.44 to 193.25 µg/g. El Dorado accession revealed higher antioxidant activity in ethanol extracts (DPPH: IC50 124.3 µg/mL; ABTS: IC50 95.4 µg/mL) when compared with that of the other accessions. Correlations between DPPH (IC50) scavenging TFC in ethanol extract (TFC_E, −0.941), and TPC_E (−0.901), and between ABTS (IC50) scavenging TFC_E (−0.853), and TPC_E (−0.826), were statistically significant at p < 0.01 level, whereas no significant correlation was observed between antioxidant activities, TPC and TFC in water extract. This study is the first to report that variations in the level of phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of various hop cultivars depended on the type of extraction solvent used and the cultivation regions. These results could provide valuable information on developing hop products.

scholarly journals Bioactivities of plant extracts collected in Halmahera, Indonesia: A bioprospection study of underexplored plant species

2021 ◽  
pp. 376-384
Author(s):  
Marlin Megalestin Raunsai ◽  
Kartika Dyah Palupi ◽  
Ahmad Fathoni ◽  
Andria Agusta
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Weak Antibacterial Activity

The discovery of new antibiotics to overcome the growing resistance problem as well as the discovery of new natural, safe antioxidants to combat oxidative stress are still urgently needed. Medicinal plants are known to produce potential therapeutic substances which are more biologically selective than synthetic compounds. Therefore, we explored the bioactivities of 35 ethanolic extracts from 24 underexplored plant species collected in Halmahera, to find potential sources for antibacterial and antioxidant agents.  Dried plant parts were extracted using ethanol 96%. Thin layer chromatography-direct-bioautography (TLC-DB) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination were used to evaluate the antibacterial effect. Antioxidant activity was determined against DPPH using TLC-DB and microdilution assay. Total phenolic content (TPC) was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu’s method. The ethanolic extracts exhibited moderate to weak antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. However, the leaf extract of Elaeocarpus dolichostylus, Elaeocarpus multiflorus, and Psychotria celebica as well as the stem bark extract of Elaeocarpus dolichostylus, Cinnamomum sintoc, and Garcinia latissima displayed very strong antioxidant activities against DPPH with AAI values between 4.60 to 13.42. A strong correlation between TPC and antioxidant activity with r = 0.8712 was observed. Despite the moderate to weak antibacterial activity, eight underexplored plant species exhibit strong antioxidant activities. A high correlation between TPC and antioxidant activity indicating a prominent role of phenolic compounds in the plants’ antioxidant properties. These findings indicate that collected plants from Halmahera are potential to be studied and developed further as the potential sources for novel antioxidants.

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