Erratum: Corrigendum: Characterization of a P1-like bacteriophage carrying CTX-M-27 in Salmonella spp. resistant to third generation cephalosporins isolated from pork in China

Abstract The aim of this study was to elucidate the epidemiology of third generation cephalosporin resistant Samonella isolates from pork of a slaughterhouse in China and the features of transferable elements carrying bla CTX-M genes. One hundred and twenty-six (7.3%) Salmonella isolates were identified; S. Derby and S. Rissen were the most two prevalent serotypes. Among these isolates 20 (15.8%) were resistant to third generation cephalosporins and nine of them carried bla CTX-M-27. S1-PFGE and replicon typing of bla CTX-M-27-carrying plasmids showed that seven were untypeable plasmids of about 104 Kb and two were IncP plasmids of about 300 Kb. Complete sequence analysis of one PBRT-untypeable plasmid showed it was a P1-like bateriophage, named SJ46, which contained a non-phage-associated region with several mobile elements, including Tn1721, ISEcp1B and IS903D. The other six 104 Kb PBRT-untypeable bla CTX-M-27-carrying plasmids also harboured the same phage-insertion region of SJ46 suggesting that they were the same P1-like bacteriophage. PFGE profiles of the parental strains revealed both potential vertical and horizontal spread of this P1-like bla CTX-M-27-containing element. Additionally, the representative gene of the P1 family bacteriophage, repL, was detected in 19.0% (24/126) of the isolates. This study indicated a potential role of P1-family bacteriophage in capture and spread of antimicrobial resistance in pathogens.

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Characterization of Third-Generation-Cephalosporin-Resistant Shiga Toxin-Producing Strains of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Japan

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.01263-15 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 53 (9) ◽

pp. 3035-3038 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ryuji Kawahara ◽

Kazuko Seto ◽

Masumi Taguchi ◽

Chie Nakajima ◽

Yuko Kumeda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Shiga Toxin ◽

Generation Cephalosporin ◽

Escherichia Coli O157 ◽

Third Generation ◽

Content Type ◽

Resistant Strains ◽

Third Generation Cephalosporins

We isolated Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coliO157:H7 strains resistant to third-generation cephalosporins. The resistant strains harboredblaCMY-2, a plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase. Genotyping of isolates revealed the possible spread of this problematic bacterium. Results suggested the importance of the investigation and surveillance of enterobacteria with plasmids harboringblaCMY-2.

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Diversity and Resistance Profiles of Human Non-typhoidal Salmonella spp. in Greece, 2003–2020

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10080983 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 983

Author(s):

Kassiani Mellou ◽

Mary Gkova ◽

Emily Panagiotidou ◽

Myrsini Tzani ◽

Theologia Sideroglou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Foodborne Pathogens ◽

Surveillance Data ◽

Third Generation ◽

Isolation Rate ◽

Salmonella Spp ◽

Resistant Phenotype ◽

Laboratory Surveillance ◽

Common Serotypes ◽

Third Generation Cephalosporins

Salmonella spp. is one of the most common foodborne pathogens in humans. Here, we summarize the laboratory surveillance data of human non-typhoidal salmonellosis in Greece for 2003–2020. The total number of samples declined over the study period (p < 0.001). Of the 193 identified serotypes, S. Enteritidis was the most common (52.8%), followed by S. Typhimurium (11.5%), monophasic S. Typhimurium 1,4,[5],12:i:- (4.4%), S. Bovismorbificans (3.4%) and S. Oranienburg (2.4%). The isolation rate of S. Enteritidis declined (p < 0.001), followed by an increase of the less common serotypes. Monophasic S. Typhimurium has been among the five most frequently identified serotypes every year since it was first identified in 2007. Overall, Salmonella isolates were resistant to penicillins (11%); aminoglycosides (15%); tetracyclines (12%); miscellaneous agents (sulphonamides, trimethoprim, chloramphenicol and streptomycin) (12%) and third-generation cephalosporins (2%). No isolate was resistant to carbapenems. In total, 2070 isolates (24%) were resistant to one or two antimicrobial classes and 903 (10%) to three and more. Out of the 1166 isolates resistant to fluoroquinolones (13%), 845 (72%) were S. Enteritidis. S. Enteritidis was also the most frequently identified serotype with a resistance to third-generation cephalosporins (37%, 62/166), followed by S. Typhimurium (12%, 20/166). MDR was most frequently identified for S. Typhimurium and its monophasic variant (resistant phenotype of ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline and sulphamethoxazole with or without chloramphenicol or trimethoprim).

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Serotype profile and molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance in non-typhoidal Salmonella isolated from gastroenteritis cases over nine years

Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1099/jmm.0.061416-0 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 66-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Neelam Taneja ◽

Suma B. Appannanavar ◽

Ajay Kumar ◽

Garima Varma ◽

Yashwant Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Salmonella Enterica ◽

Third Generation ◽

Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽

First Time ◽

Third Generation Cephalosporins

Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) is emerging worldwide. We report the occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) phenotypes in 53.4 % of NTS isolated over a period of nine years from gastroenteritis cases. ESBL and AmpC co-production was observed in 21 % of the isolates. Occurrence of bla CTX-M-15 and bla CMY-2 resistance genes was observed in 11.6 % and 37 % of the isolates respectively. Overall, Salmonella enterica serovar Senftenberg was the predominant serovar carrying bla CTX-M-15 and bla CMY-2 resistance genes. We report for the first time from India, one isolate each of S. enterica serovar Thompson, S. enterica serovar Infantis and S. enterica serovar Newport, carrying the bla CTX-M-15 gene. We also report for the first time from India, a case of gastroenteritis due to S. enterica serovar Thompson.

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Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Mediated Resistance to Third Generation Cephalosporins and Conjugative Transfer of Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Hospitals in Tamil Nadu, India

10.20944/preprints201910.0103.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Nachimuthu Ramesh ◽

Velu Rajesh Kannan ◽

Bulent Bozdogan ◽

Vaithilingam Krishnakumar ◽

Prasanth Manohar

Keyword(s):

Tamil Nadu ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Third Generation ◽

Salmonella Spp ◽

Gram Negative ◽

E Coli ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

Third Generation Cephalosporins ◽

Group 1

Clinical pathogens especially Gram-negative bacteria developing resistance to third-generation cephalosporins are making the clinical outcome more complicated and serious. This study was undertaken to evaluate the distribution of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in Tamil Nadu regions in India. For this study, clinical samples were collected from five different hospitals located in Tamil Nadu and ESBL producing Gram-negative isolates were characterized. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was performed using cefotaxime and ceftazidime. The blaESBL producing genes were screened using multiplex PCR for the genes, CTX-M group-1,-2,-8,-9,-26. Conjugation studies were performed using E. coli AB1157 as a recipient for the isolates harbouring plasmid-borne resistance following broth-mating experiment. In total, 1500 samples were collected and 599 Gram-negative bacteria were isolated that included Escherichia coli (n=233), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=182), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=79), Citrobacter spp. (n=30), Proteus mirabilis (n=28), Salmonella spp. (n=21), Acinetobacter baumannii (n=12), Serratia spp. (n=6), Shigella spp. (n=4), Morganella morganii (n=3) and Providencia spp. (n=1). MIC results showed that 358 isolates were resistant to cefotaxime and ceftazidime. Further, ESBL gene amplification results showed that 19 isolates had CTX-M group-1 gene including E. coli (n=16), K. pneumoniae (n=2) and P. aeruginosa (n=1) whereas one M. morganii isolate had CTX-M group-9 gene in their plasmid. Through conjugation studies, 12/20 isolates were found to be involved in the transformation of its plasmid-borne resistance gene. Our study highlighted the role of horizontal gene transfer in the dissemination of plasmid-borne blaCTX-M resistance genes among ESBL producing isolates.

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Characterization of a Novel AmpC β-Lactamase Produced by a Carbapenem-Resistant Cedecea davisae Clinical Isolate

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.03237-14 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 58 (11) ◽

pp. 6942-6945 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Nacim Ammenouche ◽

Hervé Dupont ◽

Hedi Mammeri

Keyword(s):

Susceptibility Testing ◽

Outer Membrane Proteins ◽

Carbapenem Resistance ◽

Third Generation ◽

Enzymatic Characterization ◽

Content Type ◽

Carbapenem Resistant ◽

Third Generation Cephalosporins ◽

Cloning Experiment

ABSTRACTACedecea davisaeisolate, which was intermediate or resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems, was recovered from a urine sample. Susceptibility testing, isoelectric focusing, and analysis of outer membrane proteins showed that AmpC β-lactamase expression combined with porin deficiency accounted for the carbapenem resistance. A cloning experiment followed by phenotypic and enzymatic characterization identified a novel class C enzyme that was phylogenetically and biochemically close to the chromosome-borne β-lactamases of the generaEnterobacterandCitrobacter.

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Drug utilization review of third generation cephalosporins in a tertiary care hospital

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.31838/ijpr/2020.sp1.117 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (sp1) ◽

Keyword(s):

Drug Utilization ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Utilization Review ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Third Generation ◽

Drug Utilization Review ◽

Third Generation Cephalosporins

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Genotypic Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistant Salmonella spp. Strains from Three Poultry Processing Plants in Colombia

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10030491 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 491

Author(s):

Alejandra Ramirez-Hernandez ◽

Ana K. Carrascal-Camacho ◽

Andrea Varón-García ◽

Mindy M. Brashears ◽

Marcos X. Sanchez-Plata

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Salmonella Spp ◽

Microbial Profile ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽

Processing Plants ◽

Poultry Processing ◽

Paratyphi B ◽

And Control ◽

Sequence Types

The poultry industry in Colombia has implemented several changes and measures in chicken processing to improve sanitary operations and control pathogens’ prevalence. However, there is no official in-plant microbial profile reference data currently available throughout the processing value chains. Hence, this research aimed to study the microbial profiles and the antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolates in three plants. In total, 300 samples were collected in seven processing sites. Prevalence of Salmonella spp. and levels of Enterobacteriaceae were assessed. Additionally, whole-genome sequencing was conducted to characterize the isolated strains genotypically. Overall, the prevalence of Salmonella spp. in each establishment was 77%, 58% and 80% for plant A, B, and C. The mean levels of Enterobacteriaceae in the chicken rinsates were 5.03, 5.74, and 6.41 log CFU/mL for plant A, B, and C. Significant reductions were identified in the counts of post-chilling rinsate samples; however, increased levels were found in chicken parts. There were six distinct Salmonella spp. clusters with the predominant sequence types ST32 and ST28. The serotypes Infantis (54%) and Paratyphi B (25%) were the most commonly identified within the processing plants with a high abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes.

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The role of prophylactic antibiotics in hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure patients at risk of bacterial infection: a retrospective study

Infectious Diseases of Poverty ◽

10.1186/s40249-021-00830-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xiao-Qin Liu ◽

Xue-Yun Zhang ◽

Yue Ying ◽

Jian-Ming Zheng ◽

Jian Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Clinical Course ◽

Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽

Third Generation ◽

Chronic Liver Failure ◽

Free Survival ◽

B Virus ◽

Third Generation Cephalosporins

Abstract Background Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is characterized by an excessive systemic inflammatory response and organ failure and has high mortality. Bacterial infections (BIs) worsen the clinical course of ACLF and carry a poor prognosis in ACLF patients. The efficacy of third-generation cephalosporins has been challenged in recent years. The aim of this study was to characterize the difference between ACLF patients with and without BIs and to provide a reference for medical intervention. Methods A total of 140 patients with hepatitis B virus-related ACLF (HBV-ACLF) hospitalized at the Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University (Shanghai, China) between May 2013 and January 2020 were enrolled. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the baseline characteristics of HBV-ACLF patients with and without BIs. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to find predictors of BIs. The characteristics of BIs and the role of prophylactic antibiotics were profiled. Results A total of 97 episodes of BIs occurred in patients during the course of HBV-ACLF. Patients with and without BIs differed in clinical characteristics. The incidence of BIs showed a positive correlation with the ACLF grade (P = 0.003) and the clinical course (P = 0.003). The 90-day transplant-free survival of patients with BIs was lower than those without BIs (P < 0.0001). Patients administered prophylactic antibiotics showed a lower incidence of BIs and had a higher transplant-free survival probability than those who did not (P = 0.046). No statistical differences in antibiotic efficacy between third-generation and other antibiotics were observed (P = 0.108). Conclusions BIs affected the clinical course and prognosis of patients with HBV-ACLF. Prophylactic antibiotics were of potential clinical importance in the prevention of BIs and improving the clinical course and prognosis in HBV-ACLF patients. Third-generation cephalosporins were qualified for use in antibiotic prophylaxis.

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Effect of educational intervention on the appropriate use of oral antimicrobials in oral and maxillofacial surgery: a retrospective secondary data analysis

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-020-01367-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Junya Kusumoto ◽

Atsushi Uda ◽

Takeshi Kimura ◽

Shungo Furudoi ◽

Ryosuke Yoshii ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Educational Intervention ◽

Oral Surgery ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Third Generation ◽

Oral Antibiotics ◽

Appropriate Use ◽

Before And After ◽

Third Generation Cephalosporins

Abstract Background In Japan, oral third-generation cephalosporins with broad-spectrum activity are commonly prescribed in the practices of dentistry and oral surgery. However, there are few reports on the appropriate use of antibiotics in the field of oral surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the appropriateness of antibiotic use before and after an educational intervention in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Hospital. Methods The use of oral antibiotics was investigated among inpatients and outpatients before and after an educational intervention conducted by the antimicrobial stewardship team. Additionally, the frequency of surgical site infection after the surgical removal of an impacted third mandibular molar under general anesthesia and the prevalence of adverse effects of the prescribed antibiotics were comparatively evaluated between 2013 and 2018. Results After the educational intervention, a remarkable reduction was noted in the prescription of oral third-generation cephalosporins, but increased use of penicillins was noted among outpatients. There was reduced use of macrolides and quinolones in outpatients. Although a similar trend was seen for inpatients, the use of quinolones increased in this population. Despite the change in the pattern of antibiotic prescription, inpatients who underwent mandibular third molar extraction between 2013 and 2018 did not show a significant increase in the prevalence of surgical site infections (6.2% vs. 1.8%, p = .336) and adverse effects of drugs (2.1% vs. 0%, p = .466). Conclusions This study suggests that the judicious use of oral antibiotics is possible through conscious and habitual practice of appropriate antibiotic use. However, further investigation is required to develop measures for appropriate use of oral antibiotics.

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