scholarly journals Antiepileptic drugs affect lipid oxidative markers- neuroprostanes and F2-dihomo-isoprostanes- in patients with epilepsy: differences among first-, second-, and third-generation drugs by UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (86) ◽  
pp. 82969-82976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Medina ◽  
Rubén Carrasco-Torres ◽  
Ma Isabel Amor ◽  
Camille Oger ◽  
Jean-Marie Galano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Oxidative Markers ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
Positive Effect

This work show that treatment with new-generation AEDs reduces the excretion of NeuroPs/F2-dihomo-IsoPs to values similar to those in the control group, indicating a positive effect of these AEDs on the antioxidant status of epileptic patients.

scholarly journals Brain Volumetric Changes and Cognitive Functions in Epileptic Patients

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A A Ashour ◽  
A M A Nassef ◽  
E M Awad ◽  
A M Hazzou ◽  
M A Nada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Epilepsy is a serious common neurological disorder that can affect any age. Cognitive functions are highly prevalent in patients with epilepsy and is more likely to occur in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). Associations were found between cognitive functions and brain volume loss in patients with epilepsy. Objective This work was carried out to assess the volumetric changes in brain of epileptic patients to use it as a biomarker for cognitive dysfunction in adult and adolescent patients with epilepsy. Patients and Methods A case control study was conducted to include 61 patients, 20 of which diagnosed with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE), 21 with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and 20 with frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) who were selected from the epilepsy outpatient clinic in Ain Shams university hospitals along with 23 age and sex matched healthy controls. Both cases and control groups were subjected to Magnetic resonance imaging MRI brain volumetry and detailed cognitive testing. An informed consent was taken from each adult patient, guardian of adolescent patient and healthy control. Results Statistically significant difference in comprehension subcategory of the Wechsler adult intelligence scale (WAIS) between patients with IGE and healthy controls denoting poorer social judgment in the IGE group. The IGE group also showed poorer performance in digit symbol subcategory of the same test denoting worse psychomotor speed and sustained attention. Also, significant difference in similarities subcategory was found between TLE group and control group denoting poorer abstract thinking among the TLE group. The IGE and TLE groups also showed lower attention and concentration than control group in the mental control subcategory of the Wechsler memory scale (WMS) yet failed to show superiority over each other. No statistically significant difference was found on comparing the whole brain volume between cases and control groups. A statistically significant direct relationship was found between the arithmetic subcategory of WAIS and the whole brain volume of the patients among the patients of the FLE group. Conclusion Patients with IGE had worse psychomotor speed, sustained attention and concentration than healthy controls in addition to poorer social judgment. Also, patients with TLE showed lower attention and concentration together with poorer abstract thinking despite normal IQ. The study also concluded that increased whole brain volume in patients with frontal lobe epilepsy is associated with better mathematical problem solving.

Other antiepileptic drugs: rufinamide, lacosamide, perampanel

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea E. Cavanna
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Behavioural Symptoms ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Rufinamide, lacosamide, and perampanel are third-generation agents licensed for use as antiepileptic drugs in recent years. Clinical experience is still limited, and little is known about their positive and negative psychotropic properties or their implications for the management of behavioural symptoms in patients with epilepsy. There are initial reports of anxiety, depression, irritability, and agitation in patients with epilepsy treated with rufinamide, whereas depression, irritability, agitation, and psychotic symptoms have been reported during lacosamide treatment. There are initial reports of behavioural disturbances (especially depression, anxiety, irritability, and psychosis) in patients with epilepsy treated with perampanel. These effects seem to be dose-related and tend to appear within the first weeks of treatment. Overall, these antiepileptic drugs have no indications for the treatment of psychiatric disorders and there is insufficient experience to draw any conclusion regarding their psychotropic profiles.

scholarly journals Transient Edematous Lesions of the Splenium in Epileptic Patients

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Carrara ◽  
Edoardo Ferlazzo ◽  
Donatella Tampieri ◽  
Frederick Andermann ◽  
Denis Melanson
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Focal Lesions ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

ABSTRACT:Background:Transient focal lesions in the splenium of the corpus callosum (SCC) have been previously described in patients with epilepsy or without epilepsy but receiving antiepileptic drugs (AED).Case reports:Two epileptic patients were admitted to our long-term monitoring unit. Antiepileptic drugs were completely discontinued a few days later. One patient had no seizures. The other had three attacks, the last of which occurred two days before a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed. In both cases brain MRI showed a lesion in the SCC characterized by high signal on T2-weighted images and no enhancement after Gadolinium infusion. The patients were discharged with their pre-admission medications. A follow-up MRI five weeks later showed resolution of the SCC lesions.Conclusions:The pathogenesis of transient SCC lesions in epileptic patients is still unclear. In our patients, either the sudden AED withdrawal or the seizures activity may be presumed to be the cause, though an individual susceptibility must also be considered.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF BLOOD PARAMETRES OF YOUNG EGG CROSS CHICKEN IN CASE OF APPLICATION OF A COMPLEX PROBIOTIC FEED SUPPLEMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 188-192
Author(s):  
V.I. Kotarev ◽  
◽  
L.I. Denisenko ◽  
V.V. Shipilov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Entire Period ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group

The results of morpho-biochemical, immunological studies and data on the antioxidant status of young laying hens of Czech Dominant breed when including “Profort” feed additive in the ration are presented. The study was carried out in the conditions of the poultry farm of Krasnoye Podvorie farm in Belgorod region. The chickens were divided into two groups: experimental and control. Young birds of the control group received the main ration. As for the experimental group, “Profort” feed additive, which contained Bacilius megaterium B-4801 and Enterococus faecium l-35, was used at a dose of 0.5 kg / t in combination with the main ration. Blood samples for research were taken on 11, 21 and 42 days. In the course of the studies, a positive effect on morpho-biochemical, immunological parametres and parametres of antioxidant defense system of egg cross chicken blood when using “Profort” probiotic was revealed. A decrease of the content of monocytes, eosinophils, lymphocytes and pseudo-eosinophils was noted throughout the entire period of the study in blood of young birds of the experimental group, compared to the control group. The concentration of alpha-globulins in the blood of birds of the experimental group was higher throughout the entire period of the study relative to the parametres of the control group. The maximum difference in immunological parameters of the blood of birds of the experimental and control groups was achieved on the 42nd day of the study. So, lysozyme activity of blood serum of young laying hens of the experimental group was higher by 18.8%, and the content of CIC and general Ig - by 30.7% and 21.9%, respectively. A decrease of medium molecular peptide level in blood shows a positive effect on the antioxidant status of the organism

scholarly journals Influence of probiotic feed additive "agrobiointensive aves" on the meat productivity of rabbits

2019 ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
Vladimir Viktorovich Mungin ◽  
Nadezhda Ivanovna Gibalkina ◽  
Viktor Mikhaylovich Vasilkin ◽  
Renat Asymovich Abushaev
Keyword(s):  
Mother Liquor ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Growth Energy ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Positive Effect

The article reveals an increase in the productivity of rabbits of the Khinkel meat breed as a result of the use of the probiotic supplement of the new generation Agrobiointensive Aves. The presented research results confirm the expediency of using the probiotic supplement in fattening young rabbits. During the experiment, the optimal dosage was established in the amount of 1 ml / l of water of the Agrobiointensive Aves mother liquor. According to the results of the conducted research, the positive effect of this additive on the growth energy (by 12.9%) and slaughter qualities, in particular, an increase in the slaughter yield of young rabbits to 56% or 1.40% more than in the control group, was noted.

The use of enzyme drugs for cows feeding during the period of increasing the milk yield

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-16
Author(s):  
N. Kostomakhin ◽  
V. Khlystunova ◽  
I. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Multifunctional Additives ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

In the system of complete feeding of animals enzymes are of particular importance. The functions of enzymes in nature are very diverse. Under the action of enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract of animals, the breakdown of feed nutrients occurs: complex carbohydrates break down into simple sugars and organic acids, proteins into peptides and amino acids, and fats into fatty acids and glycerol. In an animal’s body only through enzymes do these nutrients turn into energy and structural materials necessary for growth and reproduction, product formation, and other processes. The search for multifunctional additives that combine several mechanisms of influence on the biocenoses of the digestive system is promising. Such properties possess enzymatic (cellulolytic) drugs Fibrozyme and Cellobacterin. The purpose of this work was to scientifically justify the use of new-generation enzyme drugs of domestic (Cellobacterin) and foreign (Fibrozyme) production in the ration of Black-and-White cows during the period of increasing the milk yield. The cows of the control group have received a farm ration consisting of 35 kg of feed mixture, 8,5 kg of concentrate feed and 2 kg of cereal and legume hay. Animals of the experimental groups have received the same feed and additional enzyme drugs: the 1st experimental group has received the drug Cellobacterin 25 g/head./day, and the 2nd experimental group in the addition of drug Fibrozyme 15 g/head/day. It has been established as the result of researches that the use of enzyme feed additives domestic (Cellobacterin) and foreign (Fibrozyme) during the period of increasing the milk yield cows had a positive effect on the palatability of feeds, their digestibility and absorption, and stimulated the milk yield of cows and improve milk quality. The best results have been obtained when using the imported drug Fibrozyme.

scholarly journals Impact of antiepileptic drugs therapy on thyroid profile in epileptic patients of Punjab origin

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2693
Author(s):  
Kuldip Singh ◽  
Harleen Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Maximum Decrease ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Thyroid Profile

Background: Epilepsy requires lifelong therapy with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and having medical and psychological consequence. So, the present study was conducted to evaluate the role of different AEDs on thyroid profile in epileptic patients.Methods: 50 epileptic patients receiving AEDs for minimum 1 year were recruited as study group and 50 healthy subjects considered as control group. These subjects were recruited from general (rural or urban) community of Punjab. Fasting blood samples were drawn from patients and healthy subjects for the evaluation of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels.Results: Significant increase in TSH levels were recorded in epileptic patients while no significant change was found in T3 and T4 epileptic patients treated with different AEDs with respect to healthy controls. Maximum increase in TSH was seen in phenytoin, treated epileptic patients and maximum fall in TSH was recorded in levetiracetam treated epileptic patients. Maximum increase in T3 and T4 levels was found in phenytoin while a maximum decrease was recorded T3 and T4 levels in carbamazepine treated epileptic patients in comparison to other drugs treated patients.Conclusions: Aforementioned observations suggested that epileptic patients treated with phenytoin, valproic acid, carbamazepine and levetiracetam for long time could cause initiation of subclinical hypothyroidism further could leads to overt hypothyroidism which in turn responsible for pathophysiology of various coronary heart disease. Routine screening of thyroid profile during chronic use of AEDs is recommended.

scholarly journals Спосіб терапії кролів за гонадодистрофії

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (82) ◽  
pp. 132-136
Author(s):  
S. Naumenko ◽  
V. Koshevoy
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Normal Structure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
And Function ◽  
Convoluted Tubules ◽  
Positive Effect

The article presents the results of gonadodystrophy therapy method in rabbits. Studies were carried out on sexually mature rabbits, which belonged to private farms in the Kharkov region. Our method of diagnosis and therapy of gonadodystrophy included clinical-andrological, biochemical (protein, vitamin A, dynamics of prooxidant-antioxidant status), thermographic and ultrasonographic studies, with the appearance of postocytopathograms and the use of computer programs. Method of treatment involves oral administration of the drug «Karafand+OV», which contains carotenoids, phytoandrogens and gadolinium orthovanadate nanoparticles activated by europium. We have determined the pharmacotherapeutic effectiveness of the drug «Karafand+OV». After administration to rabbits, the concentration of vitamin A increased significantly by 1.68 times; positive changes were detected in the dynamics of the prooxidant-antioxidant status: the concentration of malate dialdehyde in serum and erythrocytes decreased, the concentration of catalase in serum and erythrocytes increased significantly. In addition, the positive effect of the drug on the structure and function of the testicles was noted: the diameters of the convoluted tubules and the area of the interstitial tissue increased; increased the number of Leydig cells, increased the area of cells and their nuclei; the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio has increased. Characteristic were changes in the post-cytogram of rabbits, so after the drug administration, the number of epithelial cells, leukocytes and microorganisms decreased. The ratio of epithelial cells and leukocytes was approximately the same, but the ratio of epithelial cells to normal structure in dystrophic ones changed. The histological cuts of the testes of the rabbit control group recorded a decrease in the number of tubules, their overgrowth, disintegration, dystrophy and desquamation of epithelial cells. In the testes of rabbits of the experimental group, an increase in the number of tubules was noted, and no dystrophic processes were noted. The program of therapy of rabbits with gonadodystrophy proved to be quite effective. The drug «Karafand+OV» rehabilitates the structure and activates the function of testes, which as a whole normalizes reproductive ability of males and allows to offer it for use in practical veterinary medicine.

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