Long-term Effect of Sotalol on Plasma Lipids

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (s5) ◽  
pp. 405s-407s ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lehtonen ◽  
J. Viikari
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
The Difference

1. We studied the effect on plasma lipids of sotalol given orally over a 12 month period to patients with essential hypertension. 2. Plasma free fatty acid concentration was lower than initially at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. The difference was significant (P < 0·01) at 1 and 3 months. 3. Plasma cholesterol (VLDL + LDL-cholesterol) increased during treatment. Plasma total cholesterol increased from 5·49 ± sd 0·94 mmol/l at the beginning to 6·37 ± 1·10 mmol/l at 12 months (P < 0·01). 4. HDL-cholesterol concentration and the ratio of HDL-cholesterol to total cholesterol decreased significantly. The ratios were 0·28 and 0·18 at the beginning and at 12 months respectively (P < 0·001). 5. Plasma triglycerides increased simultaneously from 1·14 ± 0·31 to 1·89 ± 0·99 mmol/l (P < 0·01).

scholarly journals Dietary Cholesterol Contained in Whole Eggs Is Not Well Absorbed and Does Not Acutely Affect Plasma Total Cholesterol Concentration in Men and Women: Results from 2 Randomized Controlled Crossover Studies

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Kim ◽  
Wayne Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Absorption ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Total Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol ◽  
Crossover Studies ◽  
Whole Egg

Whole egg is a food source of dietary cholesterol and inconsistent research findings exist about the effect of dietary cholesterol from whole egg on blood cholesterol concentration. We assessed the effect of co-consuming cooked whole egg (CWE) on dietary cholesterol absorption from two randomized-crossover studies. For study 1, 16 men consumed raw vegetables with no egg, 75 g CWE, or 150 g CWE. For study 2, 17 women consumed cooked vegetables with no egg or 100 g CWE. Triacylglycerol-rich lipoprotein fractions (TRL) were isolated from collected blood. In study 1, total-cholesterol areas under the curve (AUC)0–10h in TRL were not different but triacylglycerol AUC0–10h in TRL was greater for 150 g CWE vs. 75 g CWE and no egg. Similarly, in study 2, total-cholesterol AUC0–10h in TRL was not different but triacylglycerol AUC0–10h in TRL was greater for 100 g CWE vs. no egg. In both studies, whole egg consumption did not affect plasma total-cholesterol AUC0–10h, while triacylglycerol AUC0–10h was increased. These results suggest that the dietary cholesterol in whole egg was not well absorbed, which may provide mechanistic insight for why it does not acutely influence plasma total-cholesterol concentration and is not associated with longer-term plasma cholesterol control.

scholarly journals β-Carotene Oxygenase 1 Activity Modulates Circulating Cholesterol Concentrations in Mice and Humans

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (8) ◽  
pp. 2023-2030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaume Amengual ◽  
Johana Coronel ◽  
Courtney Marques ◽  
Celia Aradillas-García ◽  
Juan Manuel Vargas Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Β Carotene

ABSTRACT Background Plasma cholesterol is one of the strongest risk factors associated with the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and myocardial infarction. Human studies suggest that elevated plasma β-carotene is associated with reductions in circulating cholesterol and the risk of myocardial infarction. The molecular mechanisms underlying these observations are unknown. Objective The objective of this study was to determine the impact of dietary β-carotene and the activity of β-carotene oxygenase 1 (BCO1), which is the enzyme responsible for the conversion of β-carotene to vitamin A, on circulating cholesterol concentration. Methods In our preclinical study, we compared the effects of a 10-d intervention with a diet containing 50 mg/kg of β-carotene on plasma cholesterol in 5-wk-old male and female C57 Black 6 wild-type and congenic BCO1-deficient mice. In our clinical study, we aimed to determine whether 5 common small nucleotide polymorphisms located in the BCO1 locus affected serum cholesterol concentrations in a population of young Mexican adults from the Universities of San Luis Potosí and Illinois: A Multidisciplinary Investigation on Genetics, Obesity, and Social-Environment (UP AMIGOS) cohort. Results Upon β-carotene feeding, Bco1−/− mice accumulated >20-fold greater plasma β-carotene and had ∼30 mg/dL increased circulating total cholesterol (P < 0.01) and non–HDL cholesterol (P < 0.01) than wild-type congenic mice. Our results in the UP AMIGOS cohort show that the rs6564851 allele of BCO1, which has been linked to BCO1 enzymatic activity, was associated with a reduction in 10 mg/dL total cholesterol concentrations (P = 0.009) when adjusted for vitamin A and carotenoid intakes. Non–HDL-cholesterol concentration was also reduced by 10 mg/dL when the data were adjusted for vitamin A and total carotenoid intakes (P = 0.002), or vitamin A and β-carotene intakes (P = 0.002). Conclusions Overall, our results in mice and young adults show that BCO1 activity impacts circulating cholesterol concentration, linking vitamin A formation with the risk of developing ASCVD.

Evidence of age-dependent genetic influences on plasma total cholesterol

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Middelberg ◽  
Andrew C. Heath ◽  
Nicholas G. Martin ◽  
John B. Whitfield
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Genetic Factor ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Genetically Determined

Background Causes of variation in cardiovascular risk factors include biological variation within individuals, and more permanent differences between individuals, which are at least partly genetic in origin. We have compared the magnitude of genetic and non-genetic factors within and across occasions through repeated measures of plasma cholesterol in twin subjects, and have also determined how far the same genes affect cholesterol levels at different ages. Methods Data on plasma total cholesterol were extracted for 208 twin pairs who had provided blood on up to six occasions across a period of 17 years. They were aged 18–30 years at the time of first study and 30–47 at the time of the last. Multivariate models of variation due to genetic, shared environmental and unique environmental factors were fitted to the multi-occasion data and the proportions of variation due to these factors were estimated. Results One genetic factor influenced plasma cholesterol on all occasions and a second genetic factor only influenced cholesterol results on the fifth and sixth occasions 10–17 years after the first. Environmental factors did not have significant long-term effects. Conclusions We conclude that individuals’ long-term mean plasma cholesterol values are strongly genetically determined, but that some of these genes are age-specific in their effects.

scholarly journals Comparison of biochemical blood traits after long-term selection on high or low locomotory activity in mice

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Falkenberg ◽  
M. Langhammer ◽  
U. Renne
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Locomotory Activity ◽  
Laboratory Mice ◽  
Term Selection ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract. In a long term experiment laboratory mice were selected for high (line DU-hTP) or low (line DU-ITP) paternal treadmill Performance to differentiate the endurance fitness. In generation 54 six enzymes and seven Substrates were investigated in the blood plasma of males and females in DU-hTP (n = 104) and DU-ITP (n = 141). Compared with line DU-ITP in line DU-hTP significantly higher enzyme activities, increased glucose concentration and lower level of triglycerides were found. The components of total cholesterol were divergent between the two lines and positively effected in DU-hTP for higher HDL-cholesterol. Animals with high endurance fitness showed a higher gain in the HDL-cholesterol concentration with increased total cholesterol level in the blood than gain of LDL + VLDL-cholesterol concentration.

scholarly journals Comparison of native and capric acid-enriched mustard oil effects on oxidative stress and antioxidant protection in rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 845-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avery Sengupta ◽  
Mahua Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Capric Acid ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Mustard Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol

The present study evaluated the effect of mustard oil enriched in capric acid, a medium-chain fatty acid, on antioxidant enzyme activities in liver and brain and on the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver, brain and plasma in rats; the effect of adding cholesterol to the diet was also investigated. Charles Foster male albino rats weighing 80–100 g were fed one of four diets for 30 d (six rats per group). In the absence of added dietary cholesterol, the addition of capric acid to the diet resulted in lower plasma total cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol and TAG concentrations, higher HDL-cholesterol concentrations, higher antioxidant enzyme activities in liver and brain and lower MDA concentrations in liver, brain and plasma. Adding cholesterol to the diet increased plasma total cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol and TAG concentrations, decreased HDL-cholesterol concentration, decreased the activities of antioxidant enzymes and increased tissue and plasma MDA concentrations. Including capric acid in the diet of rats receiving cholesterol at least partly prevented the effects of the increased cholesterol. It is concluded that compared with native mustard oil, capric acid-enriched mustard oil improves blood lipids, enhances antioxidant protection and reduces lipid peroxidation.

scholarly journals Health benefits of a vegetarian diet

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Key ◽  
Gwyneth K. Davey ◽  
Paul N. Appleby
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Diverticular Disease ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Total Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol

Compared with non-vegetarians, Western vegetarians have a lower mean BMI (by about 1 kg/m2), a lower mean plasma total cholesterol concentration (by about 0.5 mmol/l), and a lower mortality from IHD (by about 25 %). They may also have a lower risk for some other diseases such as constipation, diverticular disease, gallstones and appendicitis. No differences in mortality from common cancers have been established. There is no evidence of adverse effects on mortality. Much more information is needed, particularly on other causes of death, other morbidity including osteoporosis, and long-term health in vegans. The evidence available suggests that widespread adoption of a vegetarian diet could prevent approximately 40 000 deaths from IHD in Britain each year.

scholarly journals Randomised controlled trial of the effect of long-term selenium supplementation on plasma cholesterol in an elderly Danish population

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (11) ◽  
pp. 1807-1818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederik Cold ◽  
Kristian H. Winther ◽  
Roberto Pastor-Barriuso ◽  
Margaret P. Rayman ◽  
Eliseo Guallar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Randomised Controlled

AbstractAlthough cross-sectional studies have shown a positive association between Se and cholesterol concentrations, a recent randomised controlled trial in 501 elderly UK individuals of relatively low-Se status found that Se supplementation for 6 months lowered total plasma cholesterol. The Danish PRECISE (PREvention of Cancer by Intervention with Selenium) pilot study (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01819649) was a 5-year randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial with four groups (allocation ratio 1:1:1:1). Men and women aged 60–74 years (n491) were randomised to 100 (n124), 200 (n122) or 300 (n119) μg Se-enriched yeast or matching placebo-yeast tablets (n126) daily for 5 years. A total of 468 participants continued the study for 6 months and 361 participants, equally distributed across treatment groups, continued for 5 years. Plasma samples were analysed for total and HDL-cholesterol and for total Se concentrations at baseline, 6 months and 5 years. The effect of different doses of Se supplementation on plasma lipid and Se concentrations was estimated by using linear mixed models. Plasma Se concentration increased significantly and dose-dependently in the intervention groups after 6 months and 5 years. Total cholesterol decreased significantly both in the intervention groups and in the placebo group after 6 months and 5 years, with small and nonsignificant differences in changes in plasma concentration of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol and total:HDL-cholesterol ratio between intervention and placebo groups. The effect of long-term supplementation with Se on plasma cholesterol concentrations or its sub-fractions did not differ significantly from placebo in this elderly population.

Anti-Diabetic Atherosclerosis Effect of Prunella vulgaris in db/db Mice with Type 2 Diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (05) ◽  
pp. 937-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Mi Hwang ◽  
Jin Sook Kim ◽  
Yun Jung Lee ◽  
Jung Joo Yoon ◽  
So Min Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Prunella Vulgaris ◽  
Long Term Effect

Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of vascular complications such as atherosclerosis. This study was designed to investigate whether Prunella vulgaris (APV) would inhibit diabetic atherosclerosis in db/db mice with type 2 diabetes. The db/db mice were treated with high fat/high cholesterol (HFHC) diet and an aqueous extract of APV (100 and 200 mg/kg/day) for eight weeks to examine the long-term effect on metabolic abnormalities and diabetic atherosclerosis. APV treatment markedly lowered blood glucose and systolic blood pressure. The db/db mice experienced an increase in blood urea nitrogen as well as a decrease of creatinine clearance, the latter of which was restored by treatment with APV. Treatment with APV markedly decreased total plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL-cholesterol and also increased the HDL-cholesterol. In addition, malondialdehyde and TGF-β1 were decreased by treatment of APV. On the other hand, total NO level was decreased in db/db mice. However, the NO level was increased by treatment with APV, suggesting an association with vascular dysfunction. Vascular relaxation of aortic rings by acetylcholine or SNP-inducement was ameliorated by APV in a dose-dependent manner. Damage of vascular intima and hypertrophic of media were observed in db/db mice; however its dysfunction was improved by the treatment of APV. APV treatment significantly reduced the aortic expressions of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, ET-1, and nitrotyrosine. Furthermore, expression of eNOS in aortic was remarkably increased by APV treatment. Taken together, APV suppressed hyperglycemia and diabetic vascular dysfunction in HFHC diet-db/db mice. The present data suggest that Prunella vulgaris may prevent development of diabetic atherosclerosis.

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