Privatizing alcohol sales and alcohol consumption: evidence and implications

Addiction ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 1125-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghao Her ◽  
Norman Giesbrecht ◽  
Robin Room ◽  
Jurgen Rehm
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Sales

Unlocking Patterns of Alcohol Consumption in British Columbia Using Alcohol Sales Data: A Foundation for Public Health Monitoring

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 499-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott MacDonald ◽  
Jinhui Zhao ◽  
Basia Pakula ◽  
Tim Stockwell ◽  
Lorissa Martens
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sales Data ◽  
Total Alcohol ◽  
Statistics Canada ◽  
Alcohol Sales

Alcohol sales data provide a more accurate indication of alcohol consumption than alternative methods such as population surveys. This information can be used to better understand epidemiological issues related to alcohol consumption, policy development and evaluation. Official sales records were collected for the 28 regional districts of British Columbia (BC) for 2002–2005, while homemade alcohol was estimated from survey data. Alcohol consumption rates were found to vary across geographic regions, by season, and with population level demographics. Government stores were the largest source of alcohol consumption in BC, accounting for 45.1% of total alcohol consumption in 2004. U-Brews/U-Vins accounted for 4.0%, private liquor stores accounted for 27.5% of the total, and homemade alcohol made up 4.3% of total alcohol consumption. Analysis also revealed that the average alcohol concentration in wines (12.53%) and coolers (6.77%) has been underestimated by Statistics Canada. The feasibility of developing this type of alcohol monitoring system is examined. Finally, implications for the development of targeted public health initiatives and future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Alcohol Consumption and Closed Borders - How COVID-19 Restrictions have Impacted Alcohol Sales and Consumption in Europe

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håkan Leifman ◽  
Kalle Dramstad ◽  
Emil Juslin
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Northern European ◽  
International Borders ◽  
Pure Alcohol ◽  
Total Alcohol ◽  
Time Series Analyses ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Alcohol Sales

Abstract BackgroundThe closing of bars, restaurants and international borders during the COVID-19 pandemic led to significant changes in alcohol availability. The study provides a first systematic overview of the monthly development of alcohol sales in Europe during the pandemic in order to determine the effect of closed borders on the sales and consumption of alcohol.MethodsThe study covers 60 months from January 2015 to December 2020 in 14 northern-European countries with excise revenue data for beer, wine, spirits separately and summed, converted into litres of pure alcohol per capita 15+ as a proxy for alcohol sales. March-December 2020 is seen as the pandemic period. The analyses consist of (1) descriptive trends of sales before and during the pandemic, (2) assessment of the pandemic impact on sales by time-series analyses and (3) case studies of countries with substantial cross-border inflow or outflow of alcohol.ResultsThe result shows an overall reduction in alcohol sales during the pandemic. Nevertheless, the results differ based on the level of cross-border purchasing flows pre-pandemic, as countries with high cross-border inflow saw an increase in domestic sales as the pandemic hit. ConclusionThe closing of intra-European borders had a significant redistributing effect on alcohol sales. While noting sales increases, cross-border inflow countries generally saw a decrease in total alcohol consumption as not all cross-border purchases were replaced by domestic sales. This has important policy implications as large volumes of cross-border inflow of alcohol can negatively affect excise revenue as well as public health outcomes. The methodology can be used to further explore the reliance of different purchasing streams in a domestic alcohol market.

scholarly journals Attitude of residents of Krasnoyarsk Territory to the restriction on alcohol sales

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
E.P. Pukhova ◽  
◽  
B.E. Gornyi ◽  
O.Yu. Kutumova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
The State ◽  
Regional Center ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Status ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
Alcohol Sales

The aim of the research. In connection with the adoption of new measures to limit alcohol consumption, from May to June 2020, specialists of health monitoring department of Krasnoyarsk Regional Center for Public Health and Medical Prevention conducted an online survey to study the attitude of both residents of the region and representatives of executive authorities to measures taken by the state to reduce the level of drunkenness in Russia. Material and methods. The article is based on the results of online survey. The survey involved 641 respondents over 18 years old, while 166 were representatives of local government. Results. It turned out that, in general, the population does not have negative attitude towards government restrictions on alcohol sale. However, some peculiarities of respondents’ attitude to government measures for the restriction of alcohol sales were revealed. It related to respondents’ gender and age, the fact of alcohol consumption and the status of the respondents’ influence on society. Conclusion. The study revealed the attitude peculiarities of region residents and representatives of regions territory administrations to restriction of alcohol sale taken by the state authorities. The study also included comparison of respondents’ opinions on restrictive measures depending on gender and age and the fact of alcohol consumption

scholarly journals Automated Prescription of Alcoholic Content to Dipsomaniac

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.34) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Saranya C ◽  
E Surya ◽  
Karpaga Priyaa K
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Alcohol Addiction ◽  
Physical Stimulus ◽  
Reduce Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Alcohol Sales

Alcohol addiction is an exponentially increasing dreadful disease. Alcoholic beverage is a drink that leads to greater risks of human health related problems. The consumption of alcohol is spring up as a serious issue. It makes a great difference on , both  “how much you drink on any day” and “how often you have a heavy drink," The risk of developing alcoholism is not caused by a single gene, but rather numerous genes that interact with one another. Need of this paper is to reduce alcohol consumption by controlling and monitoring. Here we uses Sensors which response to a human physical stimulus and transmit a developed impulse. The interpreted data from the sensor is analyzed and used for prescribing the amount of liquor to the dipsomaniac person. The digital statistics is remotely maintained in the cloud repository. Through this alcohol sales, addiction can be controlled and avoid illegal sales. The intention of this paper is to monitor the health condition of a person. 

scholarly journals Availability restrictions and alcohol consumption: A case of restricted hours of alcohol sales in Russian regions

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Kolosnitsyna ◽  
Marat Sitdikov ◽  
Natalia Khorkina
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Monitoring Survey ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Alcohol Sales

Kolosnitsyna, M., Sitdikov, M., & Khorkina, N. (2014). Availability restrictions and alcohol consumption: A case of restricted hours of alcohol sales in Russian regions. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 3(3), 193 – 201. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v3i3.154Aim: To determine how new restrictions on hours of alcohol retail sales influence alcohol consumption in Russia.Design: Natural experiment with combined regional and micro-data.Setting/Participants: Cross-sectional samples from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey, corresponding to waves 18 and 19, years 2009–2010, 32 Russian regions and more than 7,000 adults (aged 15 and up) consuming alcohol at least once per month.Measures: Descriptive analysis of per capita alcohol sales at the regional level and regression analysis of pure spirit consumption at the individual level, controlling for various socioeconomic factors, including sales bans.Findings: We revealed a significant positive correlation between the amount of alcohol consumed and the number of hours of allowed alcohol sales when other factors were controlled. The results gained from analyzing the micro-data were confirmed using the regional sales information. In terms of drinking reduction, sales restrictions in the evening hours seem more efficient than restrictions in the morning hours. Restricted hours of sale do not increase consumption of beer or home-distilled alcohol.Conclusions: Alcohol consumption depends on the hours of sale, all else being equal. Restricting the legal hours of alcohol sales in Russian regions has the potential to reduce consumption levels. These findings indicate a need for a further reduction in sales hours in the regions where heavy drinking is especially widespread.

Alkoholkonsumtionens mörkertal i Sverige 1960–1994

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thor Norström
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Error Term ◽  
Drunk Driving ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Related Mortality ◽  
Alcohol Sales

The aim of the study was to estimate the trend in unregistered alcohol consumption in Sweden during the period 1960–1994. The estimation was based on the discrepancy between the observed trend in alcohol related harms (alcohol-related mortality, assault, homicide, and drunk driving) and the trend expected from registered alcohol sales. The impact of alcohol sales on these indicators were estimated by means of ARIMA-analyses, and then the error term series was calculated for each indicator, meaning the difference between the observed and the expected trends in harm rates. A factor analysis of the four error-term series yielded one single factor which was interpreted as the unregistered alcohol consumption. According to the outcome this would have increased linearly by about 80% during the study period. Some comparisons are made with other data; for example it is noted that the trend in travelling abroad reasonably matches the trend in estimated unregistered consumption.

Alcohol consumption and attitudes towards banning alcohol sales on campus among European university students

Public Health ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Stock ◽  
R. Mikolajczyk ◽  
K. Bloomfield ◽  
A.E. Maxwell ◽  
H. Ozcebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
University Students ◽  
European University ◽  
Alcohol Sales

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Policies Maintaining or Restricting Days of Alcohol Sales on Excessive Alcohol Consumption and Related Harms

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 575-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Cook Middleton ◽  
Robert A. Hahn ◽  
Jennifer L. Kuzara ◽  
Randy Elder ◽  
Robert Brewer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Excessive Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Sales

scholarly journals Restricting Retail Hours of Alcohol Sales within an Army Community

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (9-10) ◽  
pp. e400-e405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E Grattan ◽  
Brittney S Mengistu ◽  
Steven H Bullock ◽  
Theresa Jackson Santo ◽  
Dawnyéa D Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Retail Sale ◽  
Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Excessive Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Sales

Abstract Introduction Excessive alcohol consumption continues to be a significant concern to overall military readiness; each year, it results in non-deployable active duty service members and service members separated from service. In 2009, The Community Preventive Services Task Force recommended limiting the hours of alcohol sales as an evidence-based and effective intervention to reduce alcohol-related harms. In June 2014, partnerships at an Army Installation in the Midwestern United States implemented a policy to reduce excessive alcohol consumption and associated alcohol-related harms. Although community-based interventions have been shown to successfully reduce alcohol-related negative consequences, little research has explored the effects of these interventions in military communities. Materials and Methods The intervention reduced the retail sale of alcoholic beverages by eight hours daily (11:01 pm to 6:59 am) within the installation community. The U.S. Army Public Health Review Board approved this study as public health practice. The quantitative assessment from a mixed-methods evaluation implemented an interrupted time series design to assess changes in the community resulting from the intervention. Revenue and crime data were collected 11 months and 12 months prior to and after the onset of the intervention, respectively, to quantify the adherence to and effectiveness of the policy. The outcome variables measured in the evaluation were Serious Incident Reports (SIRs) and Driving Under the Influence/Driving While Intoxicated (DUI/DWI) citations. A Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test of significance was used to measure changes in crime outcomes post-policy. Results The results indicated that pre-policy rates of overall DUI/DWI citations, and DUI/DWI citations on-post were significantly higher than post-policy DUI/DWI citations (p < 0.05). The results also indicated that pre-policy rates of overall SIRS, alcohol-related SIRs, and SIRs occurring at night were not statistically higher than post-policy rates (p ≥ 0.05). The pre-policy DUI/DWI citations occurring off-post and DUI/DWI citations occurring at night did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05). Policy adherence was good and total alcohol sales revenue remained stable before and after policy implementation. Conclusions This was the first known evaluation within a military community to report improvements in crime statistics following an eight hour reduction in daily retail sale hours of alcohol. The reduction in alcohol-related harms presented in this evaluation are typical for small communities implementing alcohol-related policies; however, the effect sizes reported here are larger than those reported in the current literature, suggesting that the policy positively impacted the installation community in decreasing alcohol-related harms. Evaluation data did not show statistically significant reductions in DUI/DWI citations and SIRs occurring during night hours. Further, the evaluation design disallows the ability to draw a causal relationship between the intervention and measured outcomes. Additional installations should consider implementing similar policies to determine if observed effects are replicable. Future studies should include a longitudinal design that would allow for long-lasting changes to be observed within the population, measurement of additional proximal outcomes (e.g., reported alcohol consumption), and investigating social and health outcomes both inside and outside the confines of the installation community.

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