Dose-dependent effect of plants of the Lamiaceae family on the concentration of methane, fatty acids and nitrogen in the ecosystem in vitro

Fermentation processes in the rumen of ruminants determine how much final metabolites and their derivatives will be formed, which are necessary for the full development of the organism, the level of productivity, and also affect the level of formation of endogenous substances, namely, greenhouse gas emissions. These criteria lead us to the search for new feed products that improve the metabolic processes of the rumen and the digestive system as a whole, so phyto-substances can serve as an alternative. The article presents the results of in vitro study of the influence of Salviae folia, Scutellaria baicalensis, Oríganum vulgáre on formation of methane, synthesis of volatile fatty acids and nitrogen, as the main indicator parameters of the enzymatic activity of the rumen of ruminants. It was found that when using phyto- substances: Salviae folia and Scutellaria baicalensis, more acetic and propionic acid was formed, Oríganum vulgare in various dosages shifted towards propionic and valeric acid. Formation of a larger amount of microbial protein (P≤0.05) with use of Salviae folia, Scutellaria baicalensis, Oríganum vulgáre in various dosages was established. Methane production decreased with use of Oríganum vulgáre.

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NFLUENCE OF THE DEGREE OF CALCIUM SUBSTITUTION BY ARGENTUM IN TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE ON ITS BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES IN VITRO

N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics ◽

10.17816/vto20130423-28 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 23-28

Author(s):

V. E Khon ◽

N. V Zagorodniy ◽

V. S Komlev ◽

I. V Fadeev ◽

V. G Bulgakov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Tricalcium Phosphate ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Bacteriostatic Effect ◽

Dependent Effect ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Dose Dependent Effect

Results of in vitro study of argentum containing tricalcium phosphate (TCPh-Ag) are presented. It is shown that biomaterial does not possess radical forming activity. Argentum containing forms of TCPh render bacteriostatic effect upon Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Escherichia coli. Dose-dependent effect of TCPh-Ag in relation to antibacterial and cytotoxic properties is demonstrated. It is determined that TCPh with rated substitution 0.5 is characterized by moderate cytotoxicity with preservation of antibacterial properties.

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The in vitro Study on the Rates of Starch Consumption and Volatile Fatty Acids Production by the Rumen Fluid with or without Ciliates

Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho ◽

10.2508/chikusan.60.609 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 60 (6) ◽

pp. 609-613

Author(s):

Ryousuke KARIYA ◽

Ziro MORITA ◽

Ryozo OURA ◽

Junjiro SEKINE

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Volatile Fatty Acids ◽

Rumen Fluid ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Vitro Study

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Highly active antiretroviral therapy does not affect mitochondrial β-oxidation of fatty acids: an in vitro study in fibroblasts

Pediatric and Developmental Pathology ◽

10.2350/06-11-0186 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol preprint (2007) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Yasmeen Butt ◽

Samira Kamrudin ◽

Dinesh Rakheja

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Highly Active

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Pilot Study of the Effects of Polyphenols from Chestnut Involucre on Methane Production, Volatile Fatty Acids, and Ammonia Concentration during In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11010108 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 108

Author(s):

Yichong Wang ◽

Sijiong Yu ◽

Yang Li ◽

Shuang Zhang ◽

Xiaolong Qi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Acetic Acid ◽

Propionic Acid ◽

Acid Content ◽

Volatile Fatty Acids ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Gas Production ◽

Quadratic Response ◽

In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

Nutritional strategies can be employed to mitigate greenhouse emissions from ruminants. This article investigates the effects of polyphenols extracted from the involucres of Castanea mollissima Blume (PICB) on in vitro rumen fermentation. Three healthy Angus bulls (350 ± 50 kg), with permanent rumen fistula, were used as the donors of rumen fluids. A basic diet was supplemented with five doses of PICB (0%–0.5% dry matter (DM)), replicated thrice for each dose. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs), ammonia nitrogen concentration (NH3-N), and methane (CH4) yield were measured after 24 h of in vitro fermentation, and gas production was monitored for 96 h. The trial was carried out over three runs. The results showed that the addition of PICB significantly reduced NH3-N (p < 0.05) compared to control. The 0.1%–0.4% PICB significantly decreased acetic acid content (p < 0.05). Addition of 0.2% and 0.3% PICB significantly increased the propionic acid content (p < 0.05) and reduced the acetic acid/propionic acid ratio, CH4 content, and yield (p < 0.05). A highly significant quadratic response was shown, with increasing PICB levels for all the parameters abovementioned (p < 0.01). The increases in PICB concentration resulted in a highly significant linear and quadratic response by 96-h dynamic fermentation parameters (p < 0.01). Our results indicate that 0.2% PICB had the best effect on in-vitro rumen fermentation efficiency and reduced greenhouse gas production.

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In vitro study on the effect of cornin on the activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies ◽

10.1186/s12906-021-03309-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Qun Zhang ◽

Zengqiang Qu ◽

Yanqing Zhou ◽

Jin Zhou ◽

Junwei Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cytochrome P450 ◽

Drug Interaction ◽

Liver Microsomes ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Cytochrome P450 Enzymes ◽

Drug Drug Interaction ◽

Dose Dependent

Abstract Background Cornin is a commonly used herb in cardiology for its cardioprotective effect. The effect of herbs on the activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450s) can induce adverse drug-drug interaction even treatment failure. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effect of cornin on the activity of CYP450s, which can provide more guidance for the clinical application of cornin. Methods Cornin (100 μM) was incubated with eight isoforms of CYP450s, including CYP1A2, 2A6, 3A4, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, and 2E1, in pooled human liver microsomes. The inhibition model and corresponding parameters were also investigated. Results Cornin exerted significant inhibitory effect on the activity of CYP3A4, 2C9, and 2E1 in a dose-dependent manner with the IC50 values of 9.20, 22.91, and 14.28 μM, respectively (p < 0.05). Cornin inhibited the activity of CYP3A4 non-competitively with the Ki value of 4.69 μM, while the inhibition of CYP2C9 and 2E1 by cornin was competitive with the Ki value of 11.31 and 6.54 μM, respectively. Additionally, the inhibition of CYP3A4 by cornin was found to be time-dependent with the KI/Kinact value of 6.40/0.055 min− 1·μM− 1. Conclusions The inhibitory effect of cornin on the activity of CYP3A4, 2C9, and 2E1 indicated the potential drug-drug interaction between cornin and drugs metabolized by these CYP450s, which needs further investigation and validation.

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Effects of Increasing Doses of Condensed Tannins Extract from Cistus ladanifer L. on In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Biohydrogenation

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11030761 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 761

Author(s):

Olinda Guerreiro ◽

Susana P. Alves ◽

Mónica Costa ◽

Maria F. Duarte ◽

Eliana Jerónimo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Condensed Tannins ◽

Volatile Fatty Acids ◽

Secondary Compounds ◽

Cistus Ladanifer ◽

Ruminal Fermentation ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Ct Dose ◽

Linear Decrease

Cistus ladanifer (rockrose) is a perennial shrub quite abundant in the Mediterranean region, and it is a rich source in secondary compounds such as condensed tannins (CTs). Condensed tannins from C. ladanifer were able to change the ruminal biohydrogenation (BH), increasing the t11–18:1 and c9,t11–18:2 production. However, the adequate conditions of the C. ladanifer CTs used to optimize the production of t11–18:1 and c9,t11–18:2 is not yet known. Thus, we tested the effect of increasing the doses of C. ladanifer CT extract (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 g/kg dry matter (DM)) on in vitro rumen BH. Five in vitro batch incubations replicates were conducted using an oil supplemented high-concentrate substrate, incubated for 24 h with 6 mL of buffered ruminal fluid. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and long chain fatty acids (FA) were analyzed at 0 h and 24 h, and BH of c9–18:1, c9, c12–18:2 and c9, c12, c15–18:3, and BH products yield were computed. Increasing doses of C. ladanifer CTs led to a moderate linear decrease (p < 0.001) of the VFA production (a reduction of 27% with the highest dose compared to control). The disappearance of c9–18:1 and c9,c12–18:2 as well as the production of t11–18:1 and c9, t11:18:2 was not affected by increasing doses of C. ladanifer CTs, and only the disappearance of c9, c12, c15–18:3 suffered a mild linear decrease (a reduction of 24% with the highest dose compared to control). Nevertheless, increasing the C. ladanifer CT dose led to a strong depression of microbial odd and branched fatty acids and of dimethyl acetals production (less than 65% with the highest dose compared to control), which indicates that microbial growth was more inhibited than fermentative and biohydrogenation activities, in a possible adaptative response of microbial population to stress induced to CTs and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The ability of C. ladanifer to modulate the ruminal BH was not verified in the current in vitro experimental conditions, emphasizing the inconsistent BH response to CTs and highlighting the need to continue seeking the optimal conditions for using CTs to improve the fatty acid profile of ruminant fat.

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Hydroxyl Safflower Yellow Pigment A (HSYA) Improves Vascular Endothelial Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide In Vitro Study

Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering ◽

10.1166/jbt.2021.2596 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 1792-1798

Author(s):

Li Yan ◽

Ge Jingping ◽

Yin Yuanyuan ◽

Li Xiaomei ◽

Zhao Boxiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Treated Group ◽

Yellow Pigment ◽

Endothelial Injury ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Dose Dependent

Aim: This research was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of HSYA in vascular endothelial injury by vitro study. Methods: Dividing HUVECs as Normal Control (NC), Model (LPS treated) group, HSYA-L, HSYA-M and HSYA-H groups. Cells in the HSYA treatment groups were treated with LPS, followed by 40 mg/ml, 80 mg/ml, and 120 mg/ml HSYA intervention (HSYA-L, HSYA-M, and HSYA -H groups), respectively. Measuring the cell proliferation, apoptosis, relative proteins and mRNA (TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB(p65)) expressions by MTT, Flow cytometry, WB and RT-qPCR assay. Using cellular immunofluorescence to evaluate NF-κB(p65) nuclear volume of difference groups. Results: With HSYA supplement, the cell proliferation rates were significantly up-regulation with cell apoptosis significantly down-regulation with TLR4 relatived mRNA and proteins and NF-κB(p65) nuclear significantly depressed with dose-dependent (P <0.05, respectively). Conclusion: HSYA improved vascular endothelial injury induced by LPS via TLR4 pathway In Vitro.

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Absorption and metabolism of volatile fatty acids by rumen and omasum

Ciência e Agrotecnologia ◽

10.1590/s1413-70542012000100012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 93-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

João Luiz Pratti Daniel ◽

João Chrysostomo de Resende Júnior

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Mitotic Index ◽

Volatile Fatty Acids ◽

Diffusion Chamber ◽

Serosal Side ◽

Buffer Solution ◽

Mucosal Side ◽

Over Time ◽

Fractional Absorption

Volatile fatty acids (VFA) absorption and metabolic capacity of rumen and omasum were compared, in vitro. Fragments of rumen wall and omasum laminae were taken from eight adult crossbred bovines. An isolated fragment of the mucosa was fitted in a tissue diffusion chamber. Valeric acid and CrEDTA were added to ruminal fluid and placed on the mucosal side and buffer solution was placed on the serosal side. Fractional absorption rates were measured by exponential VFA:Cr ratio decay over time. Metabolism rate was determined as the difference between VFA absorbed and VFA which appeared on the serosal side over time. Mitotic index was higher in omasum (0.52%) than in rumen epithelium (0.28%). VFA fractional absorption rate was higher in omasum (4.6%/h.cm²) than in rumen (0.4%/h.cm²). Acetate, propionate, butyrate, and valerate showed similar fractional absorption rates in both fragments. Percentage of metabolized acetate and propionate was lower than butyrate and valerate in both stomach compartments. In the rumen, individual VFA metabolism rates were similar (mean of 7.7 , but in the omasum, valerate (90.0 was more metabolized than butyrate (59.6 propionate (69.8 and acetate (51.7 . Correlation between VFA metabolism and mitotic index was positive in the rumen and in the omasum. In conclusion, VFA metabolism and absorption potential per surface of the omasum is higher than that of the rumen. Variations on rumen and omasum absorption capacities occur in the same way, and there are indications that factors capable of stimulating rumen wall proliferation are similarly capable of stimulating omasum walls.

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