Anthropogenic temperversusgeological and pedological inclusions: grog temper as a possible chrono-cultural marker for the Late Ceramic Age in the pre-Columbian Lesser Antilles

In order to compare pre-Columbian cultural affiliations in the Lesser Antilles, we studied three ceramic series from Guadeloupe (F.W.I.) from well-dated Troumassoid sites between AD 1000 and 1300 (radiometric ages) attributed to the Late Ceramic Age (AD 1000–1500). The significance of the different types of inclusions in these ceramics is discussed through a petrographic study using optical and electron microscopy, that we subsequently compared with the local geological contexts. Two of the studied sites are located in the volcanic part of Guadeloupe (Basse-Terre), while the third one is situated in an area dominated by the sedimentary substratum of Grande-Terre and its silty cover. The petrographic analysis shows either the use of local heterogeneous materials: natural, geological or pedological aplastic inclusions (volcanic sands and cinders, ferruginous soils), and the addition of grog (anthropogenic temper). At each of the three sites studied, the presence of grog was demonstrated for several modal series. Comparison of the compositions of the pastes with the ceramic chrono-typology allow us to explore the proposition presented by Donahueet al.(1990), suggesting that the use of grog may infer a difference between Troumassoid and pre-Troumassoid assemblages. We also hypothesize a progressive diffusion of the use of grog temper into the Lesser Antilles, from the Guianas. This idea defies the commonly accepted idea that Troumassoid developed smoothly out of a locally present Saladoid ceramic series without external influence.

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Heparin-induced tau filaments are polymorphic and differ from those in Alzheimer’s and Pick’s diseases

10.1101/468892 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wenjuan Zhang ◽

Benjamin Falcon ◽

Alexey G. Murzin ◽

Juan Fan ◽

R. Anthony Crowther ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽

Microtubule Binding ◽

Protein Tau ◽

Microtubule Associated Protein Tau ◽

The Third ◽

Negative Stain ◽

Different Types ◽

Filamentous Inclusions

AbstractThe assembly of microtubule-associated protein tau into abundant filamentous inclusions underlies a range of neurodegenerative diseases. The finding that tau filaments adopt different conformations in Alzheimer’s and Pick’s diseases raises the question of what kinds of structures of tau filaments form in vitro. Here, we used electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) and negative-stain immuno-gold electron microscopy (immuno-EM) to characterise filaments that were assembled from recombinant full-length human tau with four (2N4R) or three (2N3R) microtubule-binding repeats in the presence of heparin. 4R tau assembles into at least four different types of filaments. Cryo-EM structures of three types of 4R filaments reveal similar “kinked hairpin” folds, in which the second and third repeats pack against each other. 3R tau filaments are structurally homogeneous, and adopt a dimeric core, where the third repeats of two tau molecules pack against each other in a parallel, yet asymmetric, manner. None of the heparin-induced tau filaments resemble those of Alzheimer’s or Pick’s disease, which have larger cores with different repeat compositions. Our results indicate that tau filaments are structurally versatile, and raise questions about the relevance of in vitro assembled amyloids.

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EFFECT OF THE ADDITION OF LI ON THE STRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HYPOEUTECTIC Al-Mg2Si ALLOYS

Acta Polytechnica ◽

10.14311/ap.2015.55.0253 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 253 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Olena Prach ◽

Jakub Horník ◽

Kostiantyn Mykhalenkov

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Mechanical Properties ◽

Artificial Aging ◽

Casting Alloy ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Alloy Matrix ◽

X Ray ◽

The Third ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Different Types

Alloys with various contents of Li were studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-Ray microanalysis (EDX). The TEM investigations revealed that three different types of precipitation are formed in the alloy matrix during artificial aging. Two of the types represent different morphologies of Mg2Si precipitates. The appearance of the third type, identified as the δ-Al3Li phase, shows that the Al-Mg-Si system can be used successfully for designing an Li-containing casting alloy. However, this alloy has not yet been developed.

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Decomposition of YBa2Cu3O7−x during annealing in CO2/O2 mixtures

Journal of Materials Research ◽

10.1557/jmr.1990.1363 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 5 (7) ◽

pp. 1363-1367 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Y. Gao ◽

K. L. Merkle ◽

C. Zhang ◽

U. Balachandran ◽

R. B. Poeppel

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽

Annealing Temperature ◽

Reaction Products ◽

The Third ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Island Type ◽

Different Types ◽

The Stability ◽

Microscopy Images

The stability of YBa2Cu3O7−x superconductors toward reactions with CO2 in CO2/O2 gas mixtures has been studied during annealing at temperatures ranging from 600°C to 950°C. The results show that there are three different types of the reactions. The reaction products of these reactions all include BaCO3 and CuO, while the third product is dependent on the annealing temperature. At 600°C, YBa-carbonates were formed while Y2Cu2O5 and Y2BaCuO5 were formed at 815°C and 950°C, respectively. Transmission Electron Microscopy images show that the reactions started at grain boundaries with the formation of island-type precipitates.

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Study of the Molecular Architecture of Keratin Filaments by Electron Microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100053310 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 118-119

Author(s):

U. Aebi ◽

P. Rew ◽

T.-T. Sun

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Structural Organization ◽

Cell Types ◽

Structural Features ◽

Molecular Architecture ◽

The Past ◽

Keratin Filaments ◽

Different Types ◽

10 Nm Filaments ◽

Different Cell Types

Various types of intermediate-sized (10-nm) filaments have been found and described in many different cell types during the past few years. Despite the differences in the chemical composition among the different types of filaments, they all yield common structural features: they are usually up to several microns long and have a diameter of 7 to 10 nm; there is evidence that they are made of several 2 to 3.5 nm wide protofilaments which are helically wound around each other; the secondary structure of the polypeptides constituting the filaments is rich in ∞-helix. However a detailed description of their structural organization is lacking to date.

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Scanning electron microscopy of asbestos-containing material where the asbestos fibers are considered locked in a binder

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100148198 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 51 ◽

pp. 472-473

Author(s):

J. R. Millette ◽

R. S. Brown

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Environmental Protection Agency ◽

Building Materials ◽

The United States ◽

Protection Agency ◽

Asbestos Fibers ◽

Different Types ◽

Binder Material ◽

Scanning Electron

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has labeled as “friable” those building materials that are likely to readily release fibers. Friable materials when dry, can easily be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder using hand pressure. Other asbestos containing building materials (ACBM) where the asbestos fibers are in a matrix of cement or bituminous or resinous binders are considered non-friable. However, when subjected to sanding, grinding, cutting or other forms of abrasion, these non-friable materials are to be treated as friable asbestos material. There has been a hypothesis that all raw asbestos fibers are encapsulated in solvents and binders and are not released as individual fibers if the material is cut or abraded. Examination of a number of different types of non-friable materials under the SEM show that after cutting or abrasion, tuffs or bundles of fibers are evident on the surfaces of the materials. When these tuffs or bundles are examined, they are shown to contain asbestos fibers which are free from binder material. These free fibers may be released into the air upon further cutting or abrasion.

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Studies on Thrombolysis with Streptokinase

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1654310 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 25 (02) ◽

pp. 354-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R Gottlob ◽

L Stockinger ◽

U Pötting ◽

G Schattenmann

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Cross Section ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Jugular Vein ◽

Thin Sections ◽

The Third ◽

Morphological Findings ◽

Blood Clots ◽

Arteries And Veins

SummaryIn vitro whole blood clots of various ages, experimental thrombi produced in the jugular vein of rabbits and human thrombi from arteries and veins were examined in semi-thin sections and by means of electron microscopy.In all types of clots examined a typical course of retraction was found. Retraction starts with a dense excentrical focus which grows into a densification ring. After 24 hours the entire clot becomes almost homogeneously dense; later a secondary swelling sets in.Shortly after coagulation the erythrocytes on the rim of the clot are bi-concave discs. They then assume the shape of crenate spheres, turn into smooth spheres and finally become indented ghosts which have lost the largest part of their contents. In the inner zone, which makes up the bulk of the clot, we observed bi-concave discs prior to retraction. After retraction we see no crenations but irregularly shaped erythrocytes. Once the secondary swelling sets in, the cross-section becomes polygonal and later spherical. After extensive hemolysis we observe the “retiform thrombus” made up of ghosts.Experimental and clinical thrombi present the same morphology but are differentiated from in vitro clots by: earlier hemolysis, immigration of leukocytes, formation of a rim layer consisting of fibrin and thrombocytes, and the symptoms of organization. Such symptoms of organization which definitely will prevent lysis with streptokinase were found relatively late in experimental and clinical thrombi. Capillary buds and capillary loops were never found in clinical thrombi prior to the third month.The morphological findings agree with earlier physical and enzymatic investigations. The observation that phenomena of reorganization occur relatively late and frequently only in the rim areas of large thrombi explains why lytic therapy is possible in some of the chronic obliterations.

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Topoi in der Musik Béla Bartóks

Studia Musicologica ◽

10.1556/smus.54.2013.3.3 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 289-299

Author(s):

Jürgen Hunkemöller

Keyword(s):

Bird Song ◽

Musical Analysis ◽

Piano Concerto ◽

The Third ◽

Different Types ◽

Important Means

The recognition of topoi, i.e. traditional formulae, is an important means of musical analysis. To illustrate this, the paper discusses the types of the battaglia and the pastoral in Bach’s Cantata Halt im Gedächtnis Jesum Christ, and briefly enumerates different types of allusions to jazz in 20th-century compositions by Stravinsky, Milhaud, Blacher, Tippet, and Zimmermann. Then it raises the possibility of an analysis of topoi in Bartók’s music in four main categories. It considers Bartók’s musical quotations from Bach to Shostakovich; the chorale as special topos appearing in Mikrokosmos, in the Concerto for Orchestra, in the Adagio religioso of the Third Piano Concerto; the topos-like employment of the tritone; and finally the idea of a Bartókian Arcadia in the Finale of Music for Strings, and the integration of bird song in the Adagio religioso.

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Preliminary Study on Gold Recovery from High Grade E-Waste by Thiourea Leaching and Electrowinning

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min11030235 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 235

Author(s):

Nicolò Maria Ippolito ◽

Ionela Birloaga ◽

Francesco Ferella ◽

Marcello Centofanti ◽

Francesco Vegliò

Keyword(s):

Sulfuric Acid ◽

Leach Solution ◽

High Grade ◽

Gold Dissolution ◽

Plastic Part ◽

The Third ◽

Current Consumption ◽

Different Types ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

A Current

The present paper is focused on the extraction of gold from high-grade e-waste, i.e., spent electronic connectors and plates, by leaching and electrowinning. These connectors are usually made up of an alloy covered by a layer of gold; sometimes, in some of them, a plastic part is also present. The applied leaching system consisted of an acid solution of diluted sulfuric acid (0.2 mol/L) with thiourea (20 g/L) as a reagent and ferric sulfate (21.8 g/L) as an oxidant. This system was applied on three different high-grade e-waste, namely: (1) Connectors with the partial gold-plated surface (Au concentration—1139 mg/kg); (2) different types of connectors with some of which with completely gold-plated surface (Au concentration—590 mg/kg); and (3) connectors and plates with the completely gold-plated surface (Au concentration—7900 mg/kg). Gold dissolution yields of 52, 94, and 49% were achieved from the first, second, and third samples, respectively. About 95% of Au recovery was achieved after 1.5 h of electrowinning at a current efficiency of only 4.06% and current consumption of 3.02 kWh/kg of Au from the leach solution of the third sample.

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Unraveling the fine-tuned lemon coloration of a pierid butterfly Catopsilia pomona

Microscopy ◽

10.1093/jmicro/dfx037 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 66 (6) ◽

pp. 414-423

Author(s):

Monalisa Mishra ◽

Ashutosh Choudhury ◽

P Sagar Achary ◽

Harekrushna Sahoo

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Variable Temperature ◽

Wing Pattern ◽

Physical Composition ◽

Different Types ◽

Microscopy Techniques ◽

Pierid Butterfly ◽

Best Fit ◽

Scanning Electron

Abstract Butterflies wings possess different types of scales to perform diverse functions. Each scale has many nano and microstructures, which interferes with light, resulting in unique coloration for each butterfly. Besides coloration, the arrangement of scales further helps in giving better survivability. Thus, analysis of wing pattern provides an overall idea about adaptation and activity of the animal. The current study deciphers the structure and composition of a wing of a pierid butterfly Catopsilia pomona, which remains active at 42°C at which temperature all other butterflies face a tougher task for existence. In order to know the relation between survivability and adaptation in the wing, we have investigated the structural and physical composition of the wing of C. pomona under optical spectroscopy (absorption, reflectance and transmittance) along with microscopy techniques (optical and scanning electron microscopy), which are not described in earlier studies. The current findings reveal unique structural arrangement within scales to provide the best fit to the animal in variable temperature.

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