scholarly journals Using alternative fuels to increase energy efficiency in the transport sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 02024
Author(s):  
Olga Gamayunova ◽  
Kirill Kulakov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Constant Increase ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency

The trend of recent years is the constant increase in fuel consumption by transport. Transport is the most important consumer of the highest quality types of liquid fuel, a large consumer of electricity. The article describes the main types of alternative fuel, the advantages of replacing gasoline with natural gas, evaluates the economic efficiency of conversing a car to gas and proposes general measures for energy conservation and energy efficiency in the transport sector.

A STUDY ON THE ESTABLISHMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF CONSERVATION PROGRAM IN ARUN LNG PLANT

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahidin Mahidin ◽  
Hamdani Hamdani ◽  
Jailani Ibrahim ◽  
Teuku Zubir ◽  
Agus Nur Yasin
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
Conservation Program ◽  
Liquefaction Plant ◽  
Gas Refinery

Energy conservation is an important issue in all sectoral activities, especially in processing industries such as natural gas refinery and liquefaction plant, petrochemical and cement mill in which energy isused in large amount. This paper presents a discussion on the experience in establishment and implementation the energy conservation program, including the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission achieved in the last four years in Arun LNG Plant, a commercial natural gas liquefaction plant in Aceh, Indonesia with a capacity of 2.2 million ton LNG per year. In addition, an analysis on the specific energy consumption and CO2 reduction is provided. The Energy Management Matrix was adopted in assessment of the energy management implementation in theArun LNG Plant. It was found that the efficiency of the plant tended to decrease from year to year, which was represented by the specificity of fuel consumption (accounted based on the LNG product). In 2010 the specific fuel consumption was 0.0088 mmscf per m3 LNG product; it was up to 0.0234 in 2013. Fortunately, it was observed that the specific CO2 reduction (calculated on the LNG product basis) increased during tlast four years; in 2010 and 2013 the specific CO2 reduction was 0.195 and 0.518 ton per 105 m3 LNG produced, respectively.

scholarly journals Reduction of Fuel Consumption and Exhaust Pollutant Using Intelligent Transport Systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostofa Kamal Nasir ◽  
Rafidah Md Noor ◽  
M. A. Kalam ◽  
B. M. Masum
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Intelligent Transport System ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Intelligent Transport

Greenhouse gas emitted by the transport sector around the world is a serious issue of concern. To minimize such emission the automobile engineers have been working relentlessly. Researchers have been trying hard to switch fossil fuel to alternative fuels and attempting to various driving strategies to make traffic flow smooth and to reduce traffic congestion and emission of greenhouse gas. Automobile emits a massive amount of pollutants such as Carbon Monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), carbon dioxide (CO2), particulate matter (PM), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx). Intelligent transport system (ITS) technologies can be implemented to lower pollutant emissions and reduction of fuel consumption. This paper investigates the ITS techniques and technologies for the reduction of fuel consumption and minimization of the exhaust pollutant. It highlights the environmental impact of the ITS application to provide the state-of-art green solution. A case study also advocates that ITS technology reduces fuel consumption and exhaust pollutant in the urban environment.

scholarly journals Low-Emission Alternative Energy for Transport in the EU: State of Play of Research and Innovation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7764
Author(s):  
Alejandro Ortega ◽  
Konstantinos Gkoumas ◽  
Anastasios Tsakalidis ◽  
Ferenc Pekár
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
The Eu

The 2030 Climate target plan of the European Commission (EC) establishes a greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions reduction target of at least 55% by 2030, compared to 1990. It highlights that all transport modes—road, rail, aviation and waterborne—will have to contribute to this aim. A smart combination of vehicle/vessel/aircraft efficiency improvements, as well as fuel mix changes, are among the measures that can reduce GHG emissions, reducing at the same time noise pollution and improving air quality. This research provides a comprehensive analysis of recent research and innovation in low-emission alternative energy for transport (excluding hydrogen) in selected European Union (EU)-funded projects. It considers the latest developments in the field, identifying relevant researched technologies by fuel type and their development phase. The results show that liquefied natural gas (LNG) refueling stations, followed by biofuels for road transport and alternative aviation fuels, are among the researched technologies with the highest investments. Methane-based fuels (e.g., compressed natural gas (CNG), LNG) have received the greatest attention concerning the number of projects and the level of funding. By contrast, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) only has four ongoing projects. Alcohols, esters and ethers, and synthetic paraffinic and aromatic fuels (SPF) are in between. So far, road transport has the highest use of alternative fuels in the transport sector. Despite the financial support from the EU, advances have yet to materialize, suggesting that EU transport decarbonization policies should not consider a radical or sudden change, and therefore, transition periods are critical. It is also noteworthy that there is no silver bullet solution to decarbonization and thus the right use of the various alternative fuels available will be key.

scholarly journals Current and Voltage Imbalances at BPTIK Universitas PGRI Semarang

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 0210104
Author(s):  
Margono Margono ◽  
Irna Farikhah
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Neutral Current ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Electrical Parameters ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Unbalanced Voltage

Energy conservation is an effort to increase energy efficiency. This research conducted an energy audit in the BPTIK (Badan Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi) department room at the Universitas PGRI Semarang, observing the value of electrical parameters, especially unbalanced voltage and current that have the potential to cause neutral currents. In this study the calculated unbalanced voltage value is 0.64% and unbalanced current is 20.25%. From the current development, the neutral current produces an average of 1.72 Amperes. From the value of the neutral current can be calculated the energy lost in the conductor neutral wire per day is about 0.01% of energy consumption by the load per day.Keywords: current, voltage, imbalance

Compressed-natural-gas optimised downsized demonstrator engine

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Hall ◽  
Benjamin Hibberd ◽  
Simon Streng ◽  
Michael Bassett
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Natural Gas Engine

The complexity of modern powertrain development is demonstrated by the combination of requirements to meet future emission regulations and test procedures such as the real driving emissions, the reductions in the fuel consumption and the carbon dioxide emissions as well as the expectations of customers that there must be a good driving performance. Gasoline engine downsizing is already established as a proved technology to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions of automotive fleets. Additionally, alternative fuels such as natural gas offer the potential to reduce significantly both the tailpipe carbon dioxide emissions and the other regulated exhaust gas emissions without compromising the driving performance and the driving range. This paper presents results showing how the positive fuel properties of natural gas can be fully utilised in a heavily downsized engine. The engine was modified to cope with the significantly higher mechanical and thermal loads when operating at high specific outputs on compressed natural gas. In this study, peak cylinder pressures of up to 180 bar and specific power output levels of 110 kW/l were realised. It is also shown that having cylinder components specific to natural gas can yield significant reductions in the fuel consumption and, in conjunction with a variable-geometry turbine, a port-fuelled compressed-natural-gas engine can achieve a impressive low-speed torque (a brake mean effective power of 2700 kPa at 1500 r/min) and good transient response characteristics. The results achieved from the test engine while operating on compressed natural gas are compared with measurements from the baseline gasoline-fuelled direct-injection engine. In addition, a comparison between port fuel injection and direct injection of compressed natural gas is presented. This also includes an investigation into the specific performance challenges presented by port-fuel-injected compressed natural gas. The potential carbon dioxide savings offered by this heavily downsized compressed-natural-gas engine, of up to 50% at peak power and 20–40% for the driving-cycle region (including real-driving-emissions testing), are presented and discussed.

An Architectural Layer Classification of Energy Conservation Techniques in Internet of Things

2020 ◽  
pp. 270-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Majumder ◽  
Medha Roy Sarkar ◽  
Joy Lal Sarakar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Application Layer ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Layered Architecture ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Energy Constrained

Using three-layered architecture IoT can be methodically understood. These layers are sensing and data collection layer, data processing and network layer, and application layer. In sensing and data collection layer, sensors are used to sense its surrounding environment. The processing layer is moreover like a middleware layer. The application layer is liable for conveying a particular facility to the client. All of these layers are energy constrained. Hence, it is a sensitive issue to efficiently reduce the energy consumption in IoT. To increase energy efficiency in IoT networks, a large number of techniques have been developed by different researchers. The chapter introduces a classification of energy conservation techniques based on the IoT architecture layer in which they work. The energy-efficiency techniques are also discussed in brief. The chapter also analyses the techniques with respect to their advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, future directions have also been presented in brief.

scholarly journals CATALOGUE OF ENERGY EFFICIENT OPTIONS AS A TOOL TO INCREASE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

2018 ◽  
pp. 280-286
Author(s):  
N. GRIGORYEVA
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Housing Sector ◽  
Reference Book ◽  
Economic Mechanism ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
The Republic

A significant reserve of improving the energy efficiency of the economy of the Republic of Belarus is the housing sector. The paper explores approaches to improving the energy efficiency of residential buildings, analyses barriers to the development of technologies that increase the energy efficiency of residential buildings, and suggests ways to overcome them. An effective tool for the development of an economic mechanism for increasing the energy efficiency of residential buildings is the use of the Catalogue of Options, which is a systematized reference book that includes a database of equipment, materials, structures and technologies, as well as indicators of their energy efficiency and economic efficiency.

scholarly journals Natural Gas and Biomethane in the European Road Transport: The Latvian Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-72
Author(s):  
J. Savickis ◽  
L. Zemite ◽  
N. Zeltins ◽  
I. Bode ◽  
L. Jansons
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Total Transport ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThe European Union (hereafter – the EU) takes a strong position in the global fight against climate changes by setting ambitious targets on reduction of greenhouse gas (hereafter – GHG) emissions. A binding target is to reduce those emissions by at least 40 % below 1990 levels till 2030, which would help make Europe the first climate neutral continent by the mid-21st century. Consequently, the expected 2050 emission reduction target for the EU is 80 %–90 % below 1990 levels. The EU’s new economy decarbonisation framework – The European Green Deal – outlines and summarises Europe’s ambition to become a world’s first climate neutral continent by 2050. This supposedly can be achieved by turning climate and environmental challenges into opportunities across all policy areas and making the energy transition just and inclusive for all.The transport, and particularly road transport, is one of the most significant fossil fuel dependent segments of national economies across the EU. Oil dependency of all segments of the transport sector makes it the single biggest source of GHG emissions in the united Europe as well. Road transport is responsible for about 73 % of total transport GHG emissions, as Europe’s more than 308.3 million road vehicles are over 90 % reliant on conventional types of oil-based fuels (diesel, gasoline etc.).However, there is a wide range of low-emission alternative fuels for all kinds of transport that can reduce overall oil dependence of the EU’s transport sector and significantly lower GHG in road transport. Among these alternatives a tandem of the natural gas and biomethane could be named as one of the most promising for short and mid-term transport decarbonisation solutions both in the EU and Latvia.

THE ROLE OF ELECTRICAL ACTIVATION OF MOLECULES REAGENTS COMBUSTION REACTION IN THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF FUEL COMBUSTION INSTALLATIONS WITH A PROPANE-BUTANE MIXTURE AND NATURAL GAS

2017 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
B.M. Kovalyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Combustion Reaction ◽  
Electrical Activation ◽  
Heat Output ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Factors ◽  
Butane Mixture ◽  
Propane Butane

The state energy efficiency problems of fuel installations on hydrocarbons where analyzed. Shown connection energy fuel systems on hydrocarbon fuels with electrical activation and polarized molecules reagents in the field of pulsed high voltage. The results of experimental studies on the use of molecules reagents electrical activation of combustion reaction at burning propane-butane mixture and natural gas in the air. The obtained experimental results prove the effectiveness of electrical activation of molecules reagent of the combustion to improve fuel systems efficiency for hydrocarbon carriers. With us was formulated the concept of energy efficiency ricing of fuel plants, which is to increase energy efficiency by increasing the heat output of fuel combusted in the compensation of thermal energy that is spent on thermical activation molecules reagents combustion reaction, energy from other energy factors. Bibl. 11, Fig. 4.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document