scholarly journals Dispersion analysis of carbon monoxide concentrations in the linear cities atmospheric air

2019 ◽  
Vol 138 ◽  
pp. 01031
Author(s):  
Julia Ivanova ◽  
Ekaterina Sokolova ◽  
Valery Azarov ◽  
Elizaveta Martynova
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Residential Quarters ◽  
The City

Volgograd belongs to a number of cities in which a linear planning structure was formed, stretching along the Volga River for almost 100 km, however, the width of Volgograd in some sections ranges from 3 to 10 km. The total area outlined by the borders is 400 km2, Volgograd has a “loose” structure, as a result, the territory occupied by residential quarters is almost 3 times smaller. In the city there are gaps between the districts, which are occupied by green areas and wastelands. In Volgograd, large green space arrays prevail on the ravines and gullies slopes, which are widespread in the city, as well as in watershed areas, while having a soil-protective and water-regulating value. Moreover, in general, in Volgograd, the area of green areas is much less than the normative.

scholarly journals Obtaining and using data of operational monitoring of atmospheric air

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-352
Author(s):  
Ekaterina S. Kulakova ◽  
Ayrat M. Safarov ◽  
Liliya A. Nasyrova ◽  
Dmitry S. Mizgirev
Keyword(s):  
Air Monitoring ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Marker Substances ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Residential Quarters ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Factor Regression ◽  
Air Control ◽  
The City

In order to control the chemical composition of atmospheric air in cities located in the zone of influence of petrochemical enterprises, automatic atmospheric air monitoring stations (ASKAV) are installed. For the effective use of experimental data, the authors of the article developed a data collection system with ASKAV, in which the air control in residential quarters and the gas mixture at the source of organized emissions are synchronized. The analysis of data on the concentration of pollutants in the atmospheric air of the Sterlitamak obtained from ASKAV, on the basis of which a list of marker substances for enterprises of the city was compiled. Priority sources of air pollution with marker substances during a different wind regime were identified. The authors developed models for changing the concentration of marker substances in the air using the method of factor regression. Based on the results of the cross-correlation function, the time of movement of the contaminated gas cloud from the source of emission to the residential area of the city is obtained. Conclusions are made about the effectiveness of the developed air monitoring system and the field of application of the acquired models.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LEVEL OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR POLLUTION OF THE CITY OF KAMIANSKE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliia Karavan
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Metallurgical Plant ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Priority Substances ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
The City

The generalizing and comparative characteristic of the level of air pollution of the city of Kamianske is presented. The following indicators are analyzed: the dynamics of total emissions of pollutants; structure of emissions by individual types of pollutants; the level and dynamics of the index of air pollution by priority substances. It is emphasized that the main reason for the declining dynamics of gross emissions of pollutants in the city was the decrease in industrial production, primarily at PJSC “Dniprovsk Metallurgical Plant”. The main economic indicators of PJSC “Dniprovsk Metallurgical Plant” are analyzed and conclusions are drawn about the unsatisfactory financial condition of the enterprise. The dynamics of the main air pollutants of the city is studied. The structure of emissions into the air of the city is analyzed and it is concluded that the share of carbon monoxide is the largest in the structure of emissions of the city and significantly exceeds the national and regional level. In addition, there is an excess of average daily maximum permissible concentrations not only for carbon monoxide, but for other air pollutants, namely formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide, phenol, ammonia. The dynamics of the index of air pollution by priority substances is analyzed. The following conclusions about the level and dynamics of this indicator in the cities of Dnipropetrovsk region are formulated: for the main cities-polluters of atmospheric air of the region the indicator is quite high, the level of which is characterized as “above average”; during the last three years for Kamianske and Kryvyi Rih the indicator had a steady upward trend; as of the end of 2020 year, the highest value of the indicator is 14.9, which characterizes the unsatisfactory air quality of Kamianske. The dynamics of change of positions of the city of Kamianske according to the index of air pollution in the national rating of cities-polluters is characterized. During the period under study, the city of Kamianske consistently occupied “high” positions: maximum – 1st place (2014 year), minimum – 4th place (2018, 2019 years). The article emphasizes that measures to reduce the level of air pollution in the city should be in line with the regional Program of Environmental Safety and Climate Change Prevention for 2016–2025.

scholarly journals Landscape Ecological Analysis of Green Network in Urban Area Using Circuit Theory and Least-Cost Path

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 847
Author(s):  
Oh-Sung Kwon ◽  
Jin-Hyo Kim ◽  
Jung-Hwa Ra
Keyword(s):  
Green Space ◽  
Circuit Theory ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Least Cost Path ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Actual Space ◽  
Cost Paths ◽  
Landscape Ecological ◽  
Least Cost Paths ◽  
The City

Quantitative securing of green space in already developed cities has many practical limitations due to socio-economic limitations. Currently, South Korea is planning a green network to secure and inject effective green space, but it is difficult to reflect it in the actual space plan due to the abstract plan. This study utilizes circuit theory and least-cost path methods for presenting a green network that is objectified and applicable to spatial planning. First, an analysis of the Least-cost Path revealed 69 least-cost paths between 43 core green areas of the study site. Most least-cost paths have been identified as passing through small green areas and streams in the city. Using the circuit theory, it was also possible to distinguish areas other than least-cost paths from areas with high potential for development, areas where target species are concentrated within corridors. In particular, areas with relatively high green network improvement effects were derived within and around corridors. This study is most significant in establishing and evaluating existing urban green networks, overcoming the limitations discussed at the linear level and expanding to the area level. To increase the utilization of this study in the future, field surveys and monitoring studies on target species need to be supplemented.

scholarly journals Assessment of Green Infrastructure for Conservation Planning using Cadastral Data in Seoul, South Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Gon Park
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Space Network ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The Status ◽  
The City ◽  
Structural Classes ◽  
Conservation And Management

Green infrastructure has been used for environmental conservation and management with many similar concepts such as green-space network, green-link network, and green-ways network based on the objectives of the cities for greening. Seoul established the 2030 Seoul City Master Plan that contains green-link network projects to connect critical green areas within the city. However, the plan does not have detailed analysis for the green infrastructure to incorporate land-cover information to many structural classes. This study maps green infrastructure networks of Seoul for complementing their green plans with identifying and ranking green areas. Hubs and links that are the main elements of green infrastructure have been identified through incorporating cadastral data of 967,502 parcels to 135 of land use maps using Geographic Information System. The study extracted 1,365 of green areas that represent an area of 24,530 ha within the city and buffered these areas to identify districts as critical green areas that have hubs and links. At a city scale, the study used 103,553 of parcel data for ranking extracted 20 districts, and 17,860 of parcel data for ranking extracted 42 links connecting the districts. At a district scale, this study used 87,826 of parcel data for analyzing the status of potential links within the districts and ranking these districts for green infrastructure. This assessment analyzes the main elements of green infrastructure and suggests site prioritization for green infrastructure under variable scenarios of green and developed areas in a metropolitan city.

scholarly journals WEB-MAPPING OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE POPULATION OF LVIV ACCORDING TO THE INDICATOR OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (86) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrii Sohor ◽  
◽  
Petro Zazuliak ◽  
Roksolana Kvoka ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Mobile Sources ◽  
The City

The condition and composition of atmospheric air are influenced by two main factors: the introduction of pollutants into the atmosphere through various sources and harmful physical effects on it. The latter includes radiation, sound vibrations, noise, and so on. These and other factors disrupt the optimal state of the air, which negatively affects human health, the condition and development of animals and plants. The main sources of pollutants in the air of Lviv are: dust – vehicles, woodworking and building materials industry; sulfur dioxide – industrial enterprises, carbon monoxide – vehicles, thermal power plants; nitrogen dioxide – heat power companies; formaldehyde – motor transport, woodworking industry. Today, emissions from mobile sources are the biggest air pollutants in the city. The chemical composition of emissions from mobile sources of pollution is characterized by the predominance of carbon monoxide (up to 74%), nitrogen compounds and hydrocarbons (12% and 11%, respectively). Today the state of atmospheric air in large cities of Ukraine and, in particular, in the city of Lviv is at an unsatisfactory level. The main problems in this area are the progressive nature of the negative impact on the ecological state of the environment and human health. As there is currently no interactive cartographic material that can visualize the problem of environmental pollution, the main purpose of this work was to create an interactive web map of the quality of life of the population of Lviv in terms of air pollution. To achieve this goal, we collected and systematized geospatial statistical cartographic materials on the ecological state of the air in Lviv. The necessary software for the development of an interactive map of air pollution has been identified and its possibilities have been studied. An algorithm for loading geospatial data into the created web resource has been developed. A template of applications for creating web maps of air pollution in Lviv was selected according to the indicators of the I and II quarters of 2020, which were measured at 30 intersections of the city. Thus, two interactive web maps of air pollution in Lviv were developed in the environment "Google My Maps" and "ArcGIS Online".

scholarly journals Vroča točka v mestu: povezava ekosistemskih storitev in biotske pestrosti mestnih zelenih površin

2017 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Špela Železnikar ◽  
Klemen Eler ◽  
Marina Pintar
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Green areas in cities and their ecosystem services (ES) offer residents various benefits. The range of services depends on biodiversity of a green space. The aim was to determine the relationship between biodiversity in different categories of green areas in the city and the ecosystem services, which appear in it. We made 108 relevés in the autumn and spring time, within nine categories of green areas in the Municipality of Ljubljana. In each category the range of ES was assessed based on field analysis and compared with literature assessed ecosystem services. Results showed that the category of forests differ from others. Other categories were similar to each other, in particular grassland categories. Also, a positive relationship linkage was found - more plant species mean more assessed ecosystem services in a specific green infrastructure category.

scholarly journals Assessing the level of greening in a major city: subjective and objective evaluation on the example of the city of Kyiv

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (48) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Alla Mikhailivna Pleshkanovska
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
City Development ◽  
Major City ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The City

AbstractOne of the ways to ensure the sustainable development of settlements is to improve comfort of living in urban areas. The formation of a developed landscaping system is one of the priorities of modern city development and provides an opportunity to realise the main functions of green areas of public use – ecological, historical, cultural, urban and social. Sufficiency or insufficiency of green areas is determined by indicators both objective (the level or area of landscaping per person), and subjective (the feeling of green space and comfort of urban areas). This study addresses both of these aspects. Significant differences in the findings of sociological surveys conducted earlier were also analysed. Residents of the city of Kyiv completed a questionnaire, which evaluated not only the existing greening system of the city, but also the perceived priority directions for its improvement. Four main criteria for assessing the quality of landscaping elements are proposed – environmental friendliness, contact, accessibility and attractiveness.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Atmospheric Air Quality Within the Main Вus Stations Kharkiv

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
The City ◽  
Air Concentrations

Purpose. The aim of the paper is determine of atmospheric air quality withim the main Bus Stations in Kharkiv. Methods. The following methods were used: filed, laboratory and statistical ones. Results. The results of the researches was found that the content of dust, carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide in the atmospheric air of the city of Kharkiv around Bus stations №1 " Avtovokzal", № 3 " Kinnyj Rynok", № 6 "Zavodska", and Kholodna Gora Terminal higher than MACs. The highest concentrations of pollutants were identified around Bus stations Nr 6 “Zavodska” and Kholodna Gora Terminal. It have shown a tendency to increase in atmospheric air concentrations of gasoline, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide. The temporal tendency to increase in atmospheric air concentrations of gasoline, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide was revealed. Conclusions. The detected excess of the MPC of harmful substances in the atmospheric air of the city of Kharkiv in the districts of the bus stations indicates a difficult situation with the quality of atmospheric air in the cities of intensive traffic, especially in the respiration zone of children. Recommendations aimed at improvement of air quality was proposed.

scholarly journals Assessment and regulation of the urbanized territory atmospheric air condition of the Karaganda city of the Republic of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Yelena Tseshkovskaya ◽  
Elena Golubeva ◽  
Nataliya Tsoy ◽  
Aigul Oralova ◽  
Yuriy Obukhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Maximum Coverage ◽  
Urbanized Territory ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The City

The work is devoted to the assessment of the atmospheric air on urbanized territories of Karaganda. This work determines the content of 11 pollutants. Measurements were carried out at 14 route posts with the maximum coverage of the entire city territory in June and January in order to obtain seasonal dynamics of atmospheric air pollution. As a result of measurements in July, the maximum single-time content of carbon monoxide, phenol, formaldehyde, hydrogen sulfide, and methyl mercaptans was recorded. In January, carbon monoxide predominates in the city’s air from pollutants, and increased concentrations of hydrogen sulfide are also observed in most parts of the city. Based on the results obtained, the atmospheric pollution index was calculated for 5 substances. Measurements of the pollutants were carried out at different times of the day. It was found, that contamination in almost all analyzed substances is higher in the daytime and in the evening. The main harmful impurities in the air of Karaganda are ozone, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, phenol, formaldehyde and methyl mercaptans. Ammonia was detected periodically. Based on the results the suggestions for improvement of the atmospheric air condition in the research territory were developed and adopted.

Evaluation greening the natural complex of the city of Voronezh

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.С. Селиванова ◽  
Н.П. Карташова
Keyword(s):  
Green Space ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Natural Complex ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The Status ◽  
Park Area ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The City

Озеленение является важнейшей составляющей целого комплекса градостроительства. Согласно градостроительным нормам насаждения должны занимать определенную площадь в жилом районе, микрорайоне, промышленной зоне, поэтому необходимо выявить их процентное соотношение по отношению ко всем зеленым территориям города и оценить их реальное состояние, дать рекомендации по уходу и содержанию. Наметить в районах города мероприятия по озеленению для того, чтобы нормы озеленения соответствовали принятым государственным нормативам. В результате этого изменится экологическое состояние города, повысится качество отдыха населения. При оценке озелененности территорий природного комплекса г. Воронежа в ходе натурного обследования территорий фиксировались различные показатели, которые позволили определить оценку существующих насаждений, устойчивость, оценку эстетического состояния насаждений. При этом использовался визуальный способ, основанный на балльной шкале оценки состояния по внешним признакам и инструментальный, основанный на измерении морфологических параметров растений. В результате исследований был определен уровень озелененности каждого жилого района и найдена общая площадь зеленых участков зеленой зоны города, которая составила 9,3 м² зеленых насаждений на одного жителя города. Таким образом, норма озеленения на одного жителя меньше нормативной. Было установлено, что обеспечение города объектами озеленения общего пользования также на 6,7 м² меньше нижнего предела рекомендуемых нормативов и на 10 м² меньше оптимального уровня озеленения. Таким образом, определено состояние зеленых насаждений на парковых территориях г. Воронежа и даны рекомендации для улучшения качественных показателей озелененности территорий, которые будут способствовать повышению декоративности и устойчивости насаждений к неблагоприятным внешним воздействиям. Greening is an essential component of a complex urban development. According to the town planning norms plantations should occupy a certain area in a residential area, district, industrial area, so it is necessary to identify their percentage in relation to all the green areas of the city and to evaluate their real condition, give advice on care and maintenance. As a result, that will change the ecological state of the city, improve the quality of recreation. In assessing the planting area of natural complex of the city of Voronezh in the full-scale survey areas recorded various measures to enable an assessment to determine the existing plantings, sustainability, evaluation of the aesthetic state plantations. This used a visual method based on the grading scale for evaluating the state of the external signs and tool, based on the measurement of morphological parameters of the plant. As a result, research has been defined for each level landscaping of residential area and found the total area of green areas green areas of the city, which was 9.3 m² of green space per inhabitant of the city. Thus, planting rate per capita is less than normative. It has been found that the provision of shared objects city greening 6.7 m² also below the lower limit of recommended standards and 10 m² level is less than optimal planting. Thus, it defines the status of green space in the park area of Voronezh and recommendations for improvement of quality indicators of green areas, which will help in creasedecorative plants and resistance to adverse external influences

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