scholarly journals Influencing Factors of Groundwater Organic Pollution around the Bosten Lake Area of Xinjiang, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 09029
Author(s):  
Ying Sun ◽  
Jinlong Zhou ◽  
Yinzhu Zhou ◽  
Yanyan Zeng ◽  
Yunfei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Bosten Lake ◽  
Plain Area ◽  
Groundwater Samples

To study the status and influencing factors of groundwater organic pollution around the Bosten Lake area (Kaidu River-Kongque River Basin), Xinjiang, China, the pollution index method was applied to 82 groundwater samples and 15 lake water samples for comprehensive pollution evaluation. Results showed that the detection rates of organic pollutants in groundwater and lake water samples in the study area are 24.4% and 6.7%, respectively, but all the water samples have concentrations of organic pollutants less than the standard water quality limits. There are 11 unpolluted groundwater samples, 8 mildly polluted groundwater samples and one mid-polluted groundwater sample, accounting for 13.4%, 9.8% and 1.2% of total groundwater samples, respectively. The detection points of groundwater organic pollutants in the study area are mainly distributed in the piedmont plain area in the northern Yanqi Basin, the Yanqi County and the northwestern plain area of Bosten Lake. Some points sporadically distributed in the urban area in Korla. Groundwater organic pollution around the Bosten Lake area is mainly affected by industrial pollution, agricultural pollution, domestic pollution, vadose zone lithology, surface water quality and land utilization type.

scholarly journals Effects of columbite/tantalite (COLTAN) mining activities on water quality in Edege-Mbeki mining district of Nasarawa state, North Central Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Engha Isah ◽  
Nuhu Abdulkadir Abdulmumin ◽  
Paul D. Elaoyi ◽  
Ephraim Audu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Mining District ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
North Central ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Surface And Groundwater

Abstract Background The release of environmental pollutants such as heavy metals due to mining activities has received worldwide condemnation. Therefore, understanding the contamination of both surface and groundwater in Edege-Mbeki mining district is very important for the health and wellbeing of its people. Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine the physicochemical parameters of water samples and the level of heavy metals in Edege-Mbeki Columbite/Tantalite (COLTAN) mining site, North Central Nigeria. Results A total of 15 water samples were collected and analyzed in triplicate. The concentrations of five heavy metals (Ni, Mn, Pb, Cd, and Fe) in surface and groundwater samples were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AA-6800 Shimadzu). The physicochemical properties of the water samples were also examined. The results of the water quality assessments show that the water samples were contaminated with alarming levels of Pb, Cd and Ni. Mean concentrations were Ni (0.008 mg/L), Mn (0.087 mg/L), Pb (0.324 mg/L), Cd (0.029 mg/L), and Fe (0.839 mg/L) in Edege-Mbeki groundwater, while the surface water (mining ponds) had Ni (0.102 mg/L), Mn (0.099 mg/L), Pb (0.358 mg/L), Cd (0.025 mg/L), and Fe (6.99 mg/L). The groundwater samples in Mararaban-Edege which served as the control site had mean concentration levels of Ni (0.032 mg/L), Mn (0.096 mg/L), Pb (0.122 mg/L), Cd (0.039 mg/L), and Fe (0.608 mg/L). The range of pH was found to be from 5.6 ± 0.02 to 6.5 ± 0.12, turbidity was between 39.27 ± 0.29 and 2271 ± 0.00 NTU, and conductivity ranged from 39.27 ± 0.29 to 757.33 ± 5.69 μS/cm, TDS from 25.0 ± 2.3 to 450.67 ± 6.03 mg/L while dissolved oxygen (DO) values from 3.1 ± 0.3 to 3.5 ± 0.3 mg/L. Conclusion This study confirmed that surface and ground water samples in Edege-Mbeki and Mararaban-Edege are not fit for human consumption and other domestic use. Hence, government and community leaders must provide alternative means of water for the people of these communities.

scholarly journals Worldwide moderate-resolution mapping of lake surface chl-a reveals variable responses to global change (1997-2020)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Kraemer ◽  
Karan Kakouei ◽  
Catalina Munteanu ◽  
Michael Thayne ◽  
Rita Adrian
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Lake Water Quality ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Moderate Resolution ◽  
Resolution Mapping

Anthropogenic activity is leading to widespread changes in lake water quality--a key contributor to socio-ecological health. But, the anthropogenic forces affecting lake water quality (climate change, land use change, and invasive species) are unevenly distributed across lakes, across the seasonal cycle, and across space within lakes, potentially leading to highly variable water quality responses that are poorly documented at the global scale. Here, we used 742 million chlorophyll-a (chl-a) observations merged over 6 satellite sensors (daily, 1 to 4 km resolution) to quantify water quality changes from 1997 to 2020 in 345 globally-distributed large lakes. Chl-a decreased across 56% of the cumulative total lake area, challenging the putative widespread increase in chl-a that is expected due to human activity. 18% of lakes exhibited both significant positive and significant negative chl-a trends across different locations or times of the year. This spatiotemporal complexity demonstrates the value of moderate resolution mapping of lake chl-a to inform water management decision-making and to determine the local ecological consequences of human activity.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE MICROCONTROLLER-BASED ELECTROCOAGULATOR IN TREATING LAKE WATER

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1007-1017
Author(s):  
Jonnel K. Pabico ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Uv Treatment ◽  
Pump Operation ◽  
Water Quality Indicators ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Ph Level

The Automatic Tubig Machine: A Microcontroller-Based Lake Water Treatment with Electrocoagulation is an integration of different ways of treating and purifying lake water from the Caliraya Lake emphasizing the performance of electrocoagulation in the whole process. Its main purpose is to treat water samples from different barangays surrounding Caliraya and Lumot Lake. The two adjacent lakes are strategically designed to gather water from the surrounding and use it to power the turbine, which generates electricity. The water from the lake is considered because the quality is deteriorating and needs some analysis.Aside from the sedimentary filters, electrocoagulation, reverse osmosis, and UV treatment are used in optimizing the quality of the water. The sedimentary filters are strategically designed and confined in a 3-inch diameter PVC piped for the natural horizontal flow of the water to be treated. The system is controlled using Arduino Mega especially in the control of the pump operation, sensors, and electro-coagulators. To avoid passivation on the aluminum pipes which are used as electrodes, the system is designed to change polarity every 30 seconds.The general water quality indicators such as pH level, turbidity, TDS, and coliform level are considered during the tests. The results were confirmed by the Department of Science and Technology (DOST). Treated water has had optimum value and is considered to be usable at homes and for cooking. The system is 92.66 % reliableand97.3% accurate.

scholarly journals Groundwater Quality Mapping of an Open Municipal Solid waste Landfill Site

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1323-1327
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Groundwater Samples

The common practice of Municipal solid waste disposal method in developing countries is an unlined landfill dumping site. Due to this the natural resources land, water and air get polluted and also severely affected by the public living around the dumping yard. In this study, Srinivasapuram dumpsite in Thanjavur City Municipal Corporation area, India has been selected to investigate the quality of groundwater. Groundwater samples collected from 25 locations were tested as per standards for physical, chemical characteristics. The classical contour mapping method has been used to detect information from the recorded ground water quality data. Surfer 6.0 software has been used to convert the spatial data into equivalent contour map. Graphical method has been used to decide the area enclosed by each contour line. The water quality standards recommended by BIS and WHO were used to classify the critical regions based on the ground water contamination level. The water quality parameters such as pH value, Electrical conductivity, Total dissolved solids (TDS), Total Hardness (TH), Iron and Fluoride were considered for this analysis and other parameters were not included. All the collected groundwater samples the pH values are within the permissible limit of 6.5-8.5. The Electrical Conductivity vales range between 0.5mho/cm and 5.7mho/cm. The TDS values ranges between 200 and 3024 mg/l. The concentration of TDS is higher than the permissible level of the samples which are nearby the dumping yard as the contour lines are assembling around the dumpsite. The concentration of chlorides in all the samples under investigation is 12.4 to 1316 mg/l. It has been observed that concentration of total hardness (TH) of water samples varies from 118 mg/l to 2070mg/l. The presence of high concentration of iron and fluoride in the water samples adjacent to dumping yard indicate that it would have contaminated by leachate movement from MSW. The contour plots also reveal that the groundwater was contaminated as per the tests conducted for physical and chemical parameters.

scholarly journals Some Physico-Chemical Parameter's Assessment for The Groundwater Samples of Kathlal Tehsil, Gujarat, India in Summer Season

2019 ◽  
pp. 811-814
Author(s):  
Pravin Mevada ◽  
G. R. Jani ◽  
Preksha Patel
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Tube Wells

The present study deals with Assessment of Physico-Chemical parameters of ground water samples of Kathlal tehsil. Physio-Chemical parameters like EC, Temperature, TDS, Ca2+ , Mg2+ , Na+, K+ ,Cl-, CO32-, HCO3-, SO42- , NO3-, F- were analyzed in this present study. The samples were collected in April-2013 (Summer Season). Total 10 samples of groundwater was carried out from Tube wells/Bore wells of Kathlal Tehsil in order to assess water quality index.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF HYDROCHEMICAL QUALITY OF GROUND WATER UNDER SOME URBAN AREAS WITHIN SANA’A SECRETERIAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wadie S.T AL- Ariqi ◽  
Abduljalil A.D.S Ghaleb
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Base Exchange ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Almost All

Groundwater from nine wells of three different districts, located at Sana’a  secretariat was analyzed for hydrochemical quality assessment. Measurements of water quality parameters including pH, EC, CO32-, HCO3-,Cl-,NO3-,SO4 2-,Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe3+, K+, and Na+ were carried out . Classification of the groundwater samples according to Cl, SO4 2-, CO32- and HCO3-, hardness(H), total dissolved solids (TDS), base-exchange, and meteoric genesis was demonstrated. Suitability of ground water samples for irrigation and industrial uses according to sodium adsorption ration (SAR), ratio of dissolved sodium (RDS), residual sodium carbonate (RSC) and saturation index (SI) was also investigated. The results of this study showed that almost all ground water samples were of good quality that makes them suitable for drinking and  domestic uses. Results also indicated that even though some of the ground water samples were suitable for irrigation purposes, almost all of them were found not be good for industrial uses. Despite all drawbacks of the sewerage system built around Sana’a secretariat at the beginning of the first decade of the third millennium, the results of this study indicate that there is scope of significant improvement in Sana’a secretariat ground water quality.

scholarly journals HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT IN ABU-ZAABAL AREA, EASTERN NILE DELTA, EGYPT

2021 ◽  
pp. 221-231
Author(s):  
RAGAA EL-SHEIKH ◽  
IBRAHIM HEGAZY ◽  
EHAB ZAGHLOOL ◽  
MOHAMED E. A. ALI ◽  
AYMAN A. GOUDA
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Surface Water Samples

Objective: The study presents simple tools for water resources quality classification based on its chemical compositions in Abu Zaabal area, eastern Nile Delta, Egypt and assess the water quality for different uses. Methods: 31 water samples were collected from different water resources in the study area and analyzed for physicochemical parameters. Hydrochemical relations, contour maps and statistical methods were used to estimate the contamination indices and evaluate the water resources for different purposes. Results: 83.3% of groundwater samples is fresh water and 16.7% are brackish water. 85.7% of surface water samples are fresh and 14.3% is saline. 92% of groundwater samples and 71.5% of surface water samples are very hard water. According to HPI values, 8% of the quaternary groundwater samples are good, 4% are poor, 4% are very poor and 84% of the samples are unsuitable. All groundwater samples and 71% of surface water samples are contaminated with respect to ammonia. Conclusion: Higher concentrations of TDS and heavy metal may be due to the clay nature of the soil, the marine sediments in the aquifer matrix together with the dissolution and leaching of minerals from agricultural, anthropogenic and industrial activities. The groundwater in the polluted zones is considered unsuitable for human drinking.

Use KMnO4 to Control Bromate Formation during Drinking Water Ozonation: Influencing Factors

2012 ◽  
Vol 499 ◽  
pp. 405-408
Author(s):  
Xu Kang ◽  
Guang Ming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Ozone Oxidation ◽  
Ozone Dose ◽  
Formation Efficiency

This formation of bromate during ozonation of polluted source water has long caused great concerns. This paper used KMnO4 to control the bromate formation during water ozonation. KMnO4 was added 10 min prior ozone to oxidize the organic pollutants. The initial Br- concentration was 1000 μg/L. The results showed that the bromate formation efficiency was low (<5%) during KMnO4-ozone oxidation. Among KMnO4 dose, ozone dose, and source water TOC, the single most important factor for bromate formation was the ozone dose. When the ozone dose was 3 mg/L or higher, the bromate concentration exceeded the national standard no matter what level of KMnO4 was used. The organic pollution level had little influence on the bromate formation.

scholarly journals Assessment of Drinking Water Purification Plant Efficiency in Al-Hassa, Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6122
Author(s):  
El-Sayed A. Badr ◽  
Ahmed A. Al-Naeem
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Class I ◽  
Quality Class ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Dissolved Salts

The quality of drinking water is an extremely important factor in public health. The main sources of drinking water in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) are bottled water, purified groundwater, and desalinated seawater. This study aimed to assess drinking water quality and evaluate the performance of water purification plants in Al-Hassa and with the aid of the water quality index (WQI). A total of 150 water samples were collected from 30 water purification plants. The physiochemical characteristics of drinking water, including the pH, TDS, EC, turbidity, free chlorine, total hardness, anions (Cl, HCO3, SO4, NO3, and F), cations (Na, K, Ca, and Mg), iron, and manganese, were investigated. The results revealed that the purified water was of acceptable quality for drinking with respect to the measured physiochemical characteristics. The overall water purification efficiency for the reduction in total dissolved salts and related anions and cations was over 90%. For instance, the average TDS values in groundwater were 1916 ± 806 mg/L, which decreased to 118 ± 32.9 mg/L in purified water. The WQI results showed that all the collected purified water samples were considered to be of excellent quality (class I) for drinking. Meanwhile, 81.7% of the untreated groundwater samples were considered to be poor quality (class III), and 11.7% were considered to be very poor quality (class IV) due to their high contents of dissolved salts. The purification of the groundwater improved its quality from very poor/poor quality (classes III and IV) to excellent water quality (class I). A Piper diagram revealed that 80% of the investigated groundwater samples were of the sodium chloride–sulfate water type. Overall, we found that the groundwater in the investigated area is not suitable for drinking purposes unless further purification techniques are applied.

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