Radix Dipsaci extract protects against Rosiglitazone induced bone loss

The dried root of Dipsacus asperoides is known as Radix Dipsaci extract(RDE). It's a kidney-toning herbal medication with a lengthy track record of safe usage in the treatment of bone fractures and joint disorders. The drug rosiglitazone (RSG) causes an imbalance in bone remodelling, which results in increased apoptotic death of osteogenic cells and decreased bone production. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of RDE on RSGinduced bone loss in diabetic rats in a systematic way. Five groups of six Wistar albino rats were studied: control (vehicle therapy), Streptozotocin (diabetes) group, RDE group, Rosiglitazone, and Rosiglitazone +RDE group. Insulin, oxidative stress, and bone turnover markers in the blood were all detected using ELISA tests. When compared to diabetic control rats, RDE therapy significantly raised insulin and osteocalcin levels. RDE may be able to prevent diabetic osteoporosis by boosting osteogenesis and lowering oxidative stress in the bone.These findings support the use of RDE as a bone loss inhibiting in diabetics. Well-designed clinical trials are likely to yield further scientific evidence on its bone-protective effects and safety. Keywords: Radix Dipsaci, Diabetic osteoporosis, Rosiglitazone.

Effectiveness of the quadriceps strengthening exercise on pain and functional ability of the women with Osteoarthritis (OA)

A Quasi experimental design was adopted for this study to find out the effectiveness of quadriceps strengthening exercise program on pain and functional ability of women with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Fifty women with OA were selected in which first 25 women were enrolled in the control group and second 25 women were allotted in the exercise group. Assessments were performed at baseline and at 8 weeks. The functional ability was assessed using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) was used to assess the pain level .For the exercise group, quadriceps strengthening exercises were taught and asked the patients to follow the exercise schedule for 8 weeks. The study results show that the pain and functional abilty scores were improved in the exercise group and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). The study concluded that a simple quadriceps strengthening exercise programme can significantly improve self reported knee pain and functional ability among women with Knee osteoarthritis. Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Pain, Functional Ability, Exercise, Quadriceps strengthening, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)

Rhizoma Drynariae protects against Canaglifloxacin induced bone loss

Osteoporosis is a condition marked by a loss of bone mass and degradation of the bone microstructure, both of which lead to increased fragility and consequent fragility fractures, particularly in the elderly. Rhizoma Drynariae (DRE) is one of the most often used herbal remedies for osteoporosis therapy. Transdermal drug administration is a well- established new method for drug delivery that offers numerous benefits over conventional routes. Wistar albino rats were split into five groups of six rats each: vehicle control, diabeticgroup, DRE group, Canagliflozin (CGF), and CGF + DRE group. Each medication was given by gastric gavage once a day for 35 days. The drug canagliflozin appears to raise the risk of fractur. When compared to the control group, DRE treatment increased bone strength at the femoral diaphysis in osteoporotic fractures in rats by increasing ultimate load and stiffness. The goal of this study is to investigate the anti-osteoporosis effects of DRE in diabetic rats co-treated with CGF. Blood glucose levels and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured. According to the data, DRE produced a significant increase in bone amount. DRE may help prevent and cure diabetic osteoporosis by increasing bone mineral density, according to one study. Keywords: Rhizoma Drynariae Diabetic osteoporosis, Streptozotocin induced diabetes, Canagliflozin

Herba Epimedii extraction overcome Rosiglitazone induced bone loss in diabetic rats

Diabetes mellitus patients are more prone to suffer from bone fractures. Herba Epimedii has been demonstrated to be an osteoporosis reducer in the past. However, it is yet uncertain if Herba Epimedii may protect diabetic rats from bone loss when co-administered with rosiglitazone (RSG). This study examines the impact of Herba Epimedii on bone oxidative stress and turnover markers in diabetic rats co-treated with rosiglitazone (RSG). Streptozotocin (STZ) causes diabetics. Wistar albino rats were placed into five groups, each with six rats: control (vehicle therapy), Streptozotocin (diabetes) group, Herba Epimedii group, Rosiglitazone, and Rosiglitazone +Herba Epimedii. Each medication was given by gastric gavage once a day for 35 days. Insulin, oxidative stress, and bone turnover markers were measured in the blood using ELISA assays. Insulin and osteocalcin levels were significantly higher in diabetic rats administered Herba Epimedii than in diabetic control rats. Herba Epimedii may be able to prevent diabetic osteoporosis in RSG-treated diabetic rats by enhancing osteogenesis and lowering bone oxidative stress. The utility of Herba Epimedii as an osteoporosis therapy in diabetic individuals is supported by these findings. Keywords: Herba Epimedii, Diabetes, Osteoporosis, Rosiglitazone

Adverse effect of Canaglifloxacin on bone is reversed by Puerariae radix in rat model of diabetics

The root of Pueraria labata, Puerariae radix(PR), a leguminous plant that grows wild, is one of the first and most significant basic herbs used in traditional medicine for a variety of therapeutic uses. PR is high in isoflavonoids including daidzein and genistein, which have been shown to protect against bone loss caused by oestrogen insufficiency. In an osteoporotic animal model, soybean isoflavones have been shown to reduce bone loss. CGF (canagliflozin) appears to raise the risk of fractur. In diabetic rats, the potential function of PR in reversing CGFinduced bone loss was investigated. A rat model was used to investigate the effects of Puerariae radix extract (PRE) on blood glucose, HBA1C levels, and bone mineral density. Control group (vehicle therapy), Diabetic group, `PRE group, Canagliflozin (CGF), and CGF +PRE group were all made up of six Wistar albino rats. Each medication was given by gastric gavage once a day for 35 days. PRE treatment increased bone mass substantially when compared to normal controls. This suggests that PRE might be developed as an alternative therapy for osteoporosis caused by anti-diabetic drugs. Keywords: Puerariae radix, Diabetic osteoporosis, streptozotocin, Canagliflozin.

A Descriptive Study on the Knowledge and Attitude of Female College Students towards Contraception

Effective contraception plays a vital role in the economic advancement and reproductive health of women. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding contraception of female college students of a university. A descriptive study design was used with 100 female students of different departments including Arts and Science, engineering, nursing etc, who were selected by convenient sampling technique. A self reported tool was used with 3 sections including demographic data, knowledge questionnaire and a 3 point Likert scale to assess the attitude. The overall level of knowledge (8.86 ±3.56) shows that there was inadequate knowledge among the female college students on contraception. The overall percentage of female college students with a positive attitude was only 28.66%. There was no correlation between participants' knowledge of contraception and their attitudes about it. (x2 = 1.17, df = 1, p = 0.28). The study concludes that there is an urgent need to improve the knowledge of the female college students on contraception to prevent unwanted pregnancies as well as maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Female College Students, Contraception, Family Planning

Knowledge and Attitude of Nursing Students on the Prevention of Pressure Ulcers

Pressure ulcers (PU) are still a serious complication of immobility and a source of frustration for healthcare providers. Until now, the rate of occurrence and prevalence are alarmingly high. Nurses' knowledge and attitudes play a critical role in prevention of PU. The purpose of this study was to find out the level of knowledge and attitudes of final-year nursing students towards prevention of PU. A quantitative, exploratory cross-sectional design was used with fifty final-year students being recruited at random using a simple random sample technique. The tool had three sections: socio-demographic data of nursing students, PUKAT (Pressure Ulcer Knowledge Assessment Tool), and APuP (Attitudes towards Pressure Ulcers Prevention tool). According to the findings of this study, the average knowledge score of final year nursing students was 48.7% (Mean = 14.85; SD=6.01). Only 18 (36%) nurses got a score of 60% or above on the PUKAT assessment instrument, which is regarded as satisfactory. Though there was a positive attitude prevailed among final year nursing students on prevention of PU, only 44 % of responders (n = 22) attained the satisfactory score. Also, there was a moderate correlation between knowledge and attitude of the nursing students on prevention of PU. Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Nursing Students, Prevention, Pressure Ulcers

Knowledge of hypertensive patients on risk factors and warning signs of stroke

Stroke is the largest cause of death worldwide and the primary cause of disability. As a result, it was required to investigate the level of hypertension patients' knowledge of risk factors and warning symptoms. A descriptive cross- sectional study carried out among 200 hypertensive patients who were selected using purposive sampling technique. The tool was constructed with three sections: demographic data, risk factor awareness, and stroke signs and symptoms. The study results show that he total mean of knowledge on risk factors of stroke was 11.73 with the SD of 2.17 and warning signs was 9.61 with the SD of 1.99. The gender, age and level of education had significant relationship with knowledge of the hypertensive patients on risk factors of stroke at p=0.05 level. The study concludes that the majority of hypertension patients had insufficient understanding of stroke risk factors and warning symptoms. Hence, the first priority should be to raise public knowledge of hypertension and support primary prevention in order to reduce the morbidity and mortality related to stroke. Keywords: Knowledge, Hypertensive Patients, Risk Factors, Warning Signs, Stroke

The impact of open vs closed suction on cardio- respiratory parameters in mechanically ventilated patients

Suctioning of the endotracheal tube in ventilated patients is one of the ways to maintain the airway open. There arevarious risks associated with this procedure. Suctioning methods that are appropriate for the situation can help to avoid acute problems. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of open vs closed suction on cardiorespiratory parameters in patients on mechanical ventilations. Patients hospitalized to Neuro-ICU and Medical ICU with ventilator support was studied in a non-randomized clinical trial with a time series study design. Sixty samples were chosen using a convenient sampling procedure, including 30 for open suction and 30 for closed suction. Before and during suction, data such as demographic factors and cardio-respiratory parameters such as respiratory rate, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and SpO2 were measured. In this study, statistically significant changes (p=0.001) in Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) and SpO2 were identified when open and closed suction systems were compared. According to the findings, closed suction has a significant favourable impact on cardiopulmonary parameters. Keywords: Cardio Respiratory parameters, mechanical ventilation, SpO2, Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP), opensuction, closed suction