scholarly journals Impact of pollutants in the energy sector on the environment and technologies for treating liquid and solid waste from power plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 02010
Author(s):  
Irina Alina Chera-Anghel ◽  
Loredana Popescu ◽  
Florentina Condrea
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Cooling Process ◽  
Water Steam ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
And Storage

The main pollutants in the soil are composed of ash, clay, and calcium sulfur, which results from the desulfurization of flue gases. However, the infiltration of liquid fuels and lubricants, as well as transformation oil, may be neglected. Liquid residues result from several technological processes. The main source of pollution is the water treatment process that must be used in the water-steam circuit. Another important source of liquid residues is the cooling process of the thermal agent. A third major source of water pollution is the flue gas desulphurization process and the transport of slag and ash. Thus, it should not be neglected that power plants are large industrial installations, which require permanent maintenance, liquid residues resulting from cleaning operations of various equipment. To have the technology for treatment, disposal and storage of high-efficiency waste, we must take into account the following factors: the volume and type of waste, their properties, the likely evolution of the installation, the volume of waste generated by it, treatment possibilities and even limits imposed by environmental regulations.

scholarly journals Effect of Flue Gases’ Corrosive Components on the Degradation Process of Evaporator Tubes

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3860
Author(s):  
Mária Hagarová ◽  
Milan Vaško ◽  
Miroslav Pástor ◽  
Gabriela Baranová ◽  
Miloš Matvija
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Saturated Steam ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Local Overheating ◽  
Inner Surface

Corrosion of boiler tubes remains an operational and economic limitation in municipal waste power plants. The understanding of the nature, mechanism, and related factors can help reduce the degradation process caused by corrosion. The chlorine content in the fuel has a significant effect on the production of gaseous components (e.g., HCl) and condensed phases on the chloride base. This study aimed to analyze the effects of flue gases on the outer surface and saturated steam on the inner surface of the evaporator tube. The influence of gaseous chlorides and sulfates or their deposits on the course and intensity of corrosion was observed. The salt melts reacted with the steel surface facing the flue gas flow and increased the thickness of the oxide layer up to a maximum of 30 mm. On the surface not facing the flue gas flow, they disrupted the corrosive layer, reduced its adhesion, and exposed the metal surface. Beneath the massive deposits, a local overheating of the inner surface of the evaporator tubes occurred, which resulted in the release of the protective magnetite layer from the surface. Ash deposits reduce the boiler’s thermal efficiency because they act as a thermal resistor for heat transfer between the flue gases and the working medium in the pipes. The effect of insufficient feedwater treatment was evinced in the presence of mineral salts in the corrosion layer on the inner surface of the tube.

scholarly journals Improving the efficiency of power boilers by cooling the flue gases to the lowest possible temperature under the conditions of safe operation of reinforced concrete and brick chimneys of power plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 07014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny Ibragimov ◽  
Sergei Cherkasov
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Safe Operation

The article presents data on the calculated values of improving the efficiency of fuel use at the thermal power plant as a result of the introduction of a technical solution for cooling the flue gases of boilers to the lowest possible temperature under the conditions of safe operation of reinforced concrete and brick chimneys with a constant value of the flue gas temperature, when changing the operating mode of the boiler.

CO2 Capture and Storage from Flue Gas Using Novel Gas Hydrate-Based Technologies and Their Associated Impacts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliakbar Hassanpouryouzband ◽  
Katriona Edlmann ◽  
Jinhai Yang ◽  
Bahman Tohidi ◽  
Evgeny Chuvilin
Keyword(s):  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Gas Hydrate Formation ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Hydrate Reservoirs

<p>Power plants emit large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere primarily through the combustion of fossil fuels, leading to accumulation of increased greenhouse gases in the earth’s atmosphere. Global climate changing has led to increasing global mean temperatures, particularly over the poles, which threatens to melt gas hydrate reservoirs, releasing previously trapped methane and exacerbating the situation.  Here we used gas hydrate-based technologies to develop techniques for capturing and storing CO<sub>2</sub> present in power plant flue gas as stable hydrates, where CO<sub>2</sub> replaces methane within the hydrate structure. First, we experimentally measured the thermodynamic properties of various flue gases, followed by modelling and tuning the equations of state. Second, we undertook proof of concept investigations of the injection of CO2 flue gas into methane gas hydrate reservoirs as an option for economically sustainable production of natural gas as well as carbon capture and storage. The optimum injection conditions were found and reaction kinetics was investigated experimentally under realistic conditions. Third, the kinetics of flue gas hydrate formation for both the geological storage of CO<sub>2</sub> and the secondary sealing of CH<sub>4</sub>/CO<sub>2</sub> release in one simple process was investigated, followed by a comprehensive investigation of hydrate formation kinetics using a highly accurate in house developed experimental apparatus, which included an assessment of the gas leakage risks associated with above processes.  Finally, the impact of the proposed methods on permeability and mechanical strength of the geological formations was investigated.</p>

Experimental Design of Removing Sulfur Dioxide from Industrial Flue Gas with Sodium Sulfide-Containing Waste Water

2013 ◽  
Vol 791-793 ◽  
pp. 200-203
Author(s):  
Guang Yao Zhao ◽  
Feng Qing Zhao ◽  
Shaoj Jie Liu ◽  
Hong Jie Liu
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Sodium Sulfide ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Dilute Solution ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
By Products

The process of BaS reacting with Na2SO4 from waste water to generate BaSO4 is an ideal waste water treatment process, in spite of the shortage to generate lots of by-products, the dilute solution of Na2S. A way of using dilute Na2S solution to absorb SO2 is introduced in this paper. Some problems concerning this process were discussed.

The Use of Technogenic Waste to Clean the Flue Gases of Thermal Devices from Harmful Substances

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
A.M. Pogodaev ◽  
A.F. Shimansky ◽  
Yu.I. Storozhev ◽  
Ya.V. Kazantsev ◽  
V.S. Zlobin
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Alumina Production ◽  
Laboratory Installation ◽  
Gas Cleaning ◽  
Industrial Experiments

The thermodynamics of the process of calcium sulfate decomposition is considered. An adsorbent for cleaning flue gases from sulfur dioxide in the form of sludge from alumina production is proposed. Conducted semi-industrial experiments on cleaning the flue gases of small thermal power plants and boiler houses from sulfur dioxide using a laboratory installation. Established high (more than 90%) the effectiveness of the proposed adsorbent. The unique possibility of flue gas cleaning from nitrogen oxides of thermal devices using lignite fuel is revealed. A scheme of sequential flue gas cleaning in a suspended and fixed bed of the adsorbent is proposed.

Preparation and characterization of high efficiency modified activated carbon for the capture of mercury from flue gas in coal-fired power plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 107-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin B. Wade ◽  
Chad Thurman ◽  
William Freas ◽  
James Student ◽  
David Matty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Modified Activated Carbon

scholarly journals Erosion and Corrosion Considerations for PFBC Gas Turbine Expanders

1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. G. Wright ◽  
J. Stringer
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
Hot Gas ◽  
The Past ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Burning Coal

Considerable interest has been developed over the past few years in the application of gas turbines to expand the hot, dirty flue gases from pressurized fluidized-bed combustors (PFBCs) burning coal. Although no full-size gas turbine has yet operated on a PFBC, firm commitments have been made to build commercial PFBC-GT power plants. In addition, there are a number of projects at various stages of development aimed at operating gas turbines on dirty fuels ranging from the expansion of flue gas from the combustion of pulverized coal, to the direct firing of coal-water mixtures. Common concerns of all these applications include erosion and corrosion of the gas turbine hot gas path components. This paper attempts to provide an overview of results of research and testing so far reported in these areas, and to make an assessment of the engineering trade-offs required for the successful operation of PFBC gas turbine expanders.

A Preliminary Study on DeNOx Technologies for Biomass Power Plant

2012 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 388-391
Author(s):  
Fei Shi ◽  
Fan Qiang Meng ◽  
Bao Min Sun
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combustion Temperature ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Emission Standard ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Biomass Power Plant ◽  
Biomass Power Plants ◽  
Operation Cost

The aim of this paper is to discuss and find proper technologies to meet the new deNOX demand for biomass power plants in China. One of the outstanding features of these power plants is the emission of NOX at times which fails to meet the new standard. However, even if it’s above the emission standard, the value is not too high due to its low combustion temperature. Another feature is the large alkali content in the straw which forms fly-ash with vapour in flue gas. The traditional methods of SNCR and SCR will not fit bio-fuel boilers because of their low combustion temperature, small volume of furnace, high humidity and alkali metal in bio-fuel. Active coke adsorption maybe fit the installed boilers for its simple system and high efficiency. The recirculation of flue gas through a char layer needs to change the design of the boiler combustion system, which can cut immensely the deNOX operation cost of the biomass power plants.

scholarly journals Disposal of flue gases in oil reservoirs with high-viscosity oil in order to increase oil recovery and improve the environmental situation

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 00075
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Shchesnyak ◽  
Anatoliy Ryzhkov ◽  
Iosif Ledovich ◽  
Andrey Osipov ◽  
Artur Musin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Chemical Effect ◽  
Natural Bitumen ◽  
Water Steam ◽  
High Viscosity Oil

The reserves of highly viscous oils and natural bitumen are several times higher than the stocks of light oils. In the development of such oils by thermal methods, steam is produced, the development of which is accompanied by significant emissions into the atmosphere of flue gases, including carbon dioxide. According to estimates, the extraction of high-viscosity oils annually releases about 34.5 million tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. However, carbon dioxide emissions from steam generation can be reduced to zero by injecting flue gases along with steam into the formation. In addition to environmental benefits, the technology of co-injection of water vapor and combustion gases (nitrogen and carbon dioxide) has a complex (thermal and physico-chemical) effect on the formation with a synergistic effect. The article is devoted to the analysis of the mechanisms affecting the increase in oil recovery during the co-injection of steam with flue gases, the description of equipment for the injection of flue gases into the reservoir, as well as the analysis of field experience in using this technology. The calculations for one of the fields of high-viscosity oil show the high efficiency of co-injection of water steam with flue gases.

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