scholarly journals Synchronization of mechanisms for realizing the interests of the population in rural territories

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 06015
Author(s):  
Seyidullah Khanmagomedov ◽  
Mukail Mukailov ◽  
Nazima Ulchibekova ◽  
Abdulkadi Yusufov ◽  
Tamila Ashurbekova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Federal District ◽  
The State ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Effective Development

The subject of the research is an expert analytical assessment of the arguments for enhancing the manifestation of interest and the adoption of programs by the country’s top authorities to improve agricultural policy, accelerate the development of conditions and mechanisms for the implementation of socio-economic problems and interests of the population of rural areas. Using the methods of economic and statistical analysis and logistic and expert assessment, chronic and urgent problems in agro-industrial production, in social engineering, stimulating the interests of the rural population and developing new mechanisms for their implementation are analyzed. Results. The assessment of the state of social engineering infrastructure at the level of the region, federal district and country is given. A model of the mechanism for motivating and realizing the socio-economic interests of the population of rural areas, the author’s presentation of the visions of experts, agricultural scientists on the role of the state and modern agricultural policy in the effective development of agricultural sectors and improving the quality of life in rural areas are proposed. Conclusions. The importance of the adopted new State Program for the integrated development of rural areas was noted, priority directions and ways of developing the mechanism for realizing socio-economic interests, increasing the level of employment and consumer ability of the rural population, etc.

Clustering of the regions of the Siberian Federal District according to the state of reproduction of labor resources of rural territories

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Nina M. Edrenkina ◽  
◽  
Aleksandr E. Lisitsyn ◽  
Aleksey I. Suchkov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Federal District ◽  
The State ◽  
Siberian Federal District ◽  
Labor Resources

Clustering of the regions of the Siberian Federal District (SFD) was carried out according to the state of reproduction of labor resources in rural areas. The modern problems of reproduction of labor resources in the regions of the SFD are identified, taking into account the peculiarities of each of them. As a result, the distribution of the regions of the Siberian Federal District by the state of labor resources of the rural territories was obtained by the following clusters: national, raw materials and leaders. Recommendations for the development of the reproduction of labor resources in rural areas are offered.

scholarly journals (M.A. thesis) Migration schedules by age and characterization of migrants in the micro-regions of Goiás and the Federal District, 1975–1979 and 1986–1990

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto F. L. Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Federal District ◽  
The State ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Migrant Population ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
The North ◽  
High Level

Title in Portuguese: Funções de migração por idade e caracterização de migrantes das microrregiões de Goiás e Distrito Federal, 1975-1979 e 1986-1990(Dissertação de Mestrado)(M.A. Thesis)Since the 70’s, the Brazilian Middle-West Region has experienced an important modernization process in agricultural and industrial activities, which has led to an employment retraction and migration flows, especially from rural areas to the major metropolitan cities of the region. In this research the focus of analysis are the State of Goiás and the Federal District, which encompasses Brasília, the capital of Brazil. In order to understand the new population configuration, the region was divided into four sub-areas (micro-region of Goiânia, micro-region of Entorno de Brasília, the Federal District, and a group of 16 micro-regions of Goiás) and the patterns of migration, by age and sex, were estimated for the periods 1975-1979 and 1986-1991. In addition, differences between native and migrant population of each sub-area, according to the participation in the labor force, income, education and type of migration were investigated. The analysis was performed on the basis of the 1980 and 1991 Brazilian Census data.In the intra-state migration, the fluxes between the micro-region of Goiânia and the 16 other micro-regions of Goiás, and between the Federal District and the micro-region of Entorno de Brasília were the most important. In the inter-state migration, the flux from the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and the North region to the 16 micro-regions of Goiás, as well as the flux from Northeast, Southeast and South to the Federal District were significant. But there was a decline in the migration to the Federal District, between 1975-1979 and 1986-1991, while, in the same period, the migration to the Entorno of Brasília increased.The chance of the migrant population in the micro-region of Goiânia and in the Federal District to have worked in the last 12 months prior to census interview was lower than that of the native population. However, those who migrated from the Federal District to the micro-region of Entorno de Brasília had higher chance to have worked in the formal sector than those who did not migrate. Migrants who moved from the micro-region of Entorno de Brasília and the 16 other micro-regions of Goiás to the micro-region of Goiânia had lower wages than the non-migrant population. The lowest level of wages was recorded for the migrants to the 16 other micro-regions of Goiás. Migrants living in the Federal District had high level of education, while those migrants living in the micro-region of Entorno de Brasília had low level of education.In 1986-1990, the micro-regions of Goiânia and Entorno de Brasília, as well as the 16 other micro-regions of Goiás, presented a high percentage of returned migrants. In the same period, a major proportion of migrants to the micro-region of Entorno de Brasília had first moved from Southeast or from the Federal District to others regions. In addition, there was a considerable proportion of migrants with low income who had moved from Northeast to the Federal District and then to the micro-region of the Entorno de Brasília.Future research could focus other areas or regions of Brazil, and could also explore the same kind of analysis, on the basis of the incoming 2000 Brazilian Census, which requires the development of new techniques, as it did not collect information on the city of previous residence, but only on the state of residence.

scholarly journals THE STATE AND PROSPECTS OF THE ECONOMY OF RURAL AREAS OF PAVLODAR REGION IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 389 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-218
Author(s):  
A. R. Soltangazinov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Empirical Observation

At the present stage in the domestic scientific environment, the problems of ensuring sustainable development of rural areas are insufficiently studied and require further study. The goal of sustainable development of rural areas is a balanced development of the economic, social and environmental spheres, aimed at ensuring a favorable life of the population. The article considers the economic aspects of the functioning of rural territories of Pavlodar region and provides a comprehensive assessment to solve the problems of socio-economic development of these territories in the current and long-term perspective. As a base of analysis and assessment used statistical data of the official website of the Committee on statistics of MNE of RK, and also empirical observation and informational resources of local Executive bodies region. Based on the results, which identified systemic problems of the rural economy that have a negative impact on the level and quality of life of the rural population. These include, first and foremost, the dominant raw material orientation of the rural economy, low labour productivity, due to the significant moral and physical deterioration of the production-technical base, including the excess of the lifespan of the majority of equipment, as well as the rate of fleet renewal machines relevant regulatory requirements, using a separate are subject obsolete resource-intensive technologies. It is shown positive dynamics of key indicators of agriculture, which developed in the first place, due to government regulation of agriculture and the creation of an enabling environment through the extension of the relevant package of measures of state support aimed at the development of this sector of the national economy. Recommendations aimed at activating the processes of rural economy diversification have been developed. Analysis of the state of domestic beekeeping shows that this market niche in the national economy is not sufficiently developed and this industry has a significant unrealized potential. Significant benefits of the development of the beekeeping industry are shown, which will have a positive impact on strengthening the export positions of non-resource orientation, increasing employment of the rural population, crop yields, solving the problems of degraded agricultural land, etc. The economic feasibility and effectiveness of investment projects in the field of beekeeping development, which simultaneously provide a significant social effect, are justified. For the transition of rural territories to a qualitatively new level of development, based on the conclusions made about the priorities of rural development, the authors justify strategic prospects for further development using the internal mechanism of their functioning, reserves of economic growth and taking into account the specifics and features of administrative-territorial units.

The Association of State Farmers and Its Role in Village Administration in Roman Egypt

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-93
Author(s):  
Thomas Kruse
Keyword(s):  
Rural Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Land ◽  
Natural Consequence ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Roman Egypt

This paper examines the role of the state farmers, their organisation and changes as a village institution in Roman Egypt. Since the cultivation of public land in Roman Egypt constituted one of the major sources of the income for the province, it is not surprising that the state farmers, usually called demosioi georgoi (public farmers), were one of the most important groups of the rural population. As public land was usually cultivated through a hereditary lease, the rural population saw the plots which were attached to their villages as their own property. It was, therefore, a natural consequence that the state farmers became involved in the management of their village’s affairs and in doing so cooperated with the local administrative officials.

scholarly journals Assessment of the state of social and labor sphere of rural areas in the Ural Federal District

2020 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 06006
Author(s):  
Victoria Kalitskaya ◽  
Andrey Pustuev ◽  
Olga Rykalina ◽  
Irina Perminova ◽  
Olga Mustafina
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Wage Growth ◽  
Federal District ◽  
The State ◽  
Number Of Factors

The article presents the author’s calculations of the labor sphere state of rural areas of the Ural Federal District (Russia). It is substantiated that labor (human) capital is the most important element of ensuring the functioning of the entire agrarian sphere. The estimation of labor productivity in the agricultural sector, the rate of wage growth, as well as relative social and labor indicators of the agricultural direction to the general economic is conducted. The authors consider the ratio of agrolabor productivity growth and decrease in the number of workers in this sphere, which is associated with a number of factors, resulting in the construction of a system of sociolabor factors interaction contributing to the development of rural areas, based on analytical data

scholarly journals Розвиток організаційних структур та програм співучасті в системі аграрного землекористування

2017 ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
І. А. Маркіна
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Fundamental Difference ◽  
The State ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Information Providers

Розроблено кластерну модель дуалістичного (традиційна та органічна продукція) розвитку землекористування в Україні. Принциповою відмінністю від існуючих моделей є наявність Національного науково-виробничого агроекологічного парку, регіональних наукових (економічних) центрів розвитку сільських територій та зміщення акценту ролі держави на реалізацію економічних функцій як агента земельних інтересів. Представлена  система інформаційного провайдингу в управлінні земельними ресурсами аграрного сектору економіки. Запропоновано концепцію розвитку державно-приватного партнерства в системі землекористування, що заснована на агрохімічному, меліоративному, логістичному та збутовому напрямах та має на меті забезпечення поєднання можливостей мікро-, мініагентів, спільних агентів та держави, в тому числі із залученням коштів регіональних і глобальних агентів, на компліментарній основі з приводу раціонального землекористування та підвищення прямих і непрямих доходів всіх представників груп земельних інтересів. A cluster model of dualistic (traditional and organic products) development of land use in Ukraine has been developed. A fundamental difference from existing models is the existence of the National Research and Production Agroecological Park, regional scientific (economic) centers for the development of rural areas and the shift in the emphasis of the role of the state on the realization of economic functions as an agent of land interests. The presented system of information providers in the management of land resources of the agricultural sector of the economy. The concept of development of public-private partnership in the land use system based on agrochemical, meliorative, logistic and marketing directions is offered and aims to ensure the combination of the capabilities of micro-, miniagents, general agents and the state, also with the involvement of regional and global agents, on a complimentary basis for rational land use and increasing the direct and indirect income of all representatives of land interest groups.

scholarly journals Changes in Lifestyles and living Conditions of the Rural Population of the Russian Central Federal District as a Factor in the Dynamics of Human Capital

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-280
Author(s):  
Valentina Shilova
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Central Federal District ◽  
High Level

The article raises the issue of the dynamics of human capital of rural Russia of the Central Federal District with the example of the Yaroslavl area in conditions of depopulation and growth of return migration. On the basis of the results of the empirical research, using the methods of in-depth interviews and the search survey according to the structured questionnaire, the author examines the way of life and living conditions of the rural population from the perspective of the past, present and future. The article identifies key problems that are acutely felt and reflected by the inhabitants of the village: lack of jobs, opportunities for decent work in the countryside, poor roads and medical services, a low level of amenities and recreational activities. Also, based on the reasoning of the respondents, the author points out some positive aspects of life in rural areas: good ecology, availability and operation of kindergartens and schools, a relatively high level of development of digital technologies, a moderate, peaceful life. In conclusion, the author highlights the key factors influencing the lifestyle and quality of life of rural residents and concludes that, in the light of this situation, without State policy intervention in the development and preservation of human capital, Depopulation and atrophy of rural areas will continue.

scholarly journals RURAL TERRITORIES OF KAZAKHSTAN: REALITIES, PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
Bakhyt Kalykova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Objective Basis ◽  
Effective Development

The study deals with the formation of a model of sustainable and effective development of agriculture and rural areas as the main task of implementing the State agricultural policy. The relevance of the tasks set by the author lies in considering the living conditions in the countryside as an integrated approach to the country's economy in order to diversify the types of activities in rural areas, create new sources of income. The directions representing a new economic paradigm of rural development in Kazakhstan are justified. The ways of implementing a comprehensive policy are shown, which consists in the partnership of public structures, local governments, public organizations and private sector, so that in the future, rural areas will become the most important socioeconomic and ecological subsystem of society. One of the key issues in the development of a model of modernization of the Kazakh countryside - the methodology for assessing the strategy and taken measures are highlighted. It is noted that monitoring of a wide variety of regional situations in rural settlements is of great scientific importance in creating a reliable and objective basis for developing substantiated measures to improve the quality of life of the rural population and determining priorities. The author states that the implementation of the "Auyl - El besigi" program contributes to the development of support and satellite villages, which have the potential to increase the level of life and well-being of rural residents, modernize the social infrastructure of the SNP JSC "Fund for Financial Support of Agriculture" allocated significant amounts to ensure employment of the rural population. The program condition in the funded projects should be startups, proposals for non-agricultural areas of expansion of activities in rural areas.

considerable advantages, too, for the spread of producer co-operatives. In addition, while bypassing the obstacle posed by economic fragmentation, such investments would nevertheless be attacking it, thus raising the degree of economic integration. No doubt, these investments would require industrial inputs at a higher level than before and the financing of this might imply that the planners have to give up some of the surplus extracted from the agricultural sector for use by it within its boundaries. In our opinion, this approach provides the basis for achieving high growth targets in the medium term without compromising on the distributional front at the class, sector, or regional levels. Two qualifications need to be registered. First, this does not imply that the DTYP target of y = 7.5 per cent per annum becomes feasible in this strategy. Even in Case A, the argument was only partly that it was probably not achievable; rather, that achieving it with n = 3.5 per cent would almost certainly lead to a vicious inflationary spiral, thereby worsening income distribution. In Case B, the burden of financing would be shared in an egalitarian manner through the rationing system but its average level would not be any different. What is being argued is that, first, for any given n, y* (C) > y* (A, B), and second, the rate of growth of n would be substantially greater over time in Case C than in Case A or B. Thus, Case C could be viewed as laying the basis for an eventual second phase of an industrialisation drive of the type now being proposed, in our view, prematurely. Second, it is probable that under Case C, rural foodgrain consumption would rise in the short run. In this strategy, too, state farms would play a crucial part in the transitional phase and beyond. It is necessary therefore to assist them in achieving efficiency quickly, and to overcome the problems of haphazard location and early growth. A period of consolidation might be necessary prior to any further expansion on any large scale. Finally, we need to turn our focus to the problems of urban poverty and unemployment which are not directly handled in any of the three cases. A separate policy component is therefore called for. A two-pronged approach is necessary. The first of these is to ensure that all low-income earners are covered by the urban rationing system. In the present context, this would require extending the coverage to the smaller urban centres and even in the larger ones to that lowest strata which might not be registered in any urban kebele. Thus, the AMC needs to grow greatly and quickly. It is in this context that the current and future role of the state farm sector has to be seen. Even within the framework of Case C, it will be some time before the area of stable grain yields is extended to a point where the urban populations are not held to ransom by the weather all too frequently; in the meantime, the state farms provide an insurance cover which is indispensible. (A corresponding function would be performed in the food-insecure rural areas by the grain banks suggested earlier.) Further, the kebele shops need to move more into the inferior cereals, in particular, sorghum, maize and black teff. Improving the storage facilities of the AMC and state farms could achieve the welcome result of lowering cost by anything up to 15-20 per cent on some crops. All such gains registered should reflect themselves in lower prices for the inferior, rather than for the superior, cereals as appears to have been the case in the recent past.

2013 ◽  
pp. 183-184
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The State ◽  
State Farm ◽  
Insurance Cover ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Present Context ◽  
Short Run

The Uncertain Nation, 1921–1936

Iraq ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeed Dawisha
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Integration ◽  
Economic Disparities ◽  
Easy Task ◽  
Fault Lines ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Cultural Connections

This chapter discusses the efforts to create a nation out of Iraq's disparate communities. One of the most urgent and important tasks that was undertaken by the new Iraqi state was to mold disparate communities, divided by ethnicity, sect and tribe, lacking social and cultural connections, into one viable nation. This was no easy task for the King and his government. The state that the British assembled in 1921 had major fissures between Arab and Kurd, Sunni and Shi'ite. These fault lines overlapped with, and indeed were cemented by, the cultural and economic disparities that existed between the urban and rural areas. Of the rural population, much of which was abjectly poor and illiterate, 65 percent was Shi'ite and only 16 percent was Arab Sunni. These communal divisions would prove to be some of the most obstinate hurdles to social and political integration in Iraq during the first decade and a half of the country's life, and even beyond.

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