scholarly journals Accumulation of heavy metals in the organs of herbaceous plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 02019
Author(s):  
Antonina Reut ◽  
Aigul Biglova ◽  
Irina Allayarova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Quantitative Chemical Analysis ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Lead Magnesium ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
The City

The purpose of the work is to establish the characteristics of the accumulation of heavy metals of aboveground and underground organs in plant samples of 8 varieties of Narcissus hybridus and Camassia cusickii in the urbanized environment of the city of Ufa. The study of the elemental composition of the samples was carried out according to the method of quantitative chemical analysis ‘Determination of As, Pb, Cd, Sn, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni in laboratory samples of food products and food raw materials by the atomic absorption method with electrothermal atomization’. It was found that the content of nickel, copper, cadmium, lead, magnesium, iron, chromium in all the samples studied does not exceed the standards specified in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (SP RF). The arsenic content exceeds the standards specified in the SP RF by 3.4 times. Revealed a high intensity of biological absorption of copper. It has been established that the concentrations of As, Cu, Pl, Mn, Fe in the aboveground organs are higher than in the underground part of plants; the ratio of the content of Ni, Cr, Cd in aboveground and underground organs is the same.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the chemical composition of plant materials of some representatives of the genera Narcissus L. and Camassia Lindl.

2021 ◽  
Vol 205 (02) ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Antonina Reut ◽  
Aygul' Biglova ◽  
Irina Allayarova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Quantitative Chemical Analysis ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Negative Effect

Abstract. Purpose. Heavy metals can have a negative effect on plants, animals and humans if their concentration exceeds certain limits. Therefore, it is important to establish the characteristics of the accumulation of heavy metals and to determine the elemental composition of aboveground (leaves) and underground (bulbs) organs in plant samples of 8 varieties of Narcissus hybridus hort. (Actaea, Arctic Gold, Cassata, Quail, Sir Winston Churchill, White Lady, Calgary, Pink Parasol) and Camassia cusickii S. Wats. in the urbanized environment of the city of Ufa (Republic of Bashkortostan). Methods. The study of the elemental composition of the samples was carried out according to the method of quantitative chemical analysis “Determination of As, Pb, Cd, Sn, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni in laboratory samples of food products and food raw materials by the atomic absorption method with electrothermal atomization No. M-02-1009-08”. Scientific novelty. This work is the first to analyze the results of the content of individual elements in aboveground and underground organs in samples of cultivated floral and ornamental plants in the forest-steppe zone of the Bashkir Ural. Results. It was found that the content of nickel, copper, cadmium, lead, magnesium, iron, chromium in all the samples studied does not exceed the standards specified in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (SP RF). The arsenic content exceeds the standards specified in the SP RF by 3.4 times. Revealed a high intensity of biological absorption of copper. The peculiarity of the accumulation of individual elements by different taxa of the studied plants is noted. It has been established that the concentrations of As, Cu, Pl, Mn, Fe in the aboveground organs are higher than in the underground part of plants; the ratio of the content of Ni, Cr, Cd in aboveground and underground organs is the same. As a result of these studies, it was recommended to use the studied cultivars as a phytoremediator of arsenic.

scholarly journals Propagation of Heavy Metals in Poultry Feed Production in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Shahidul Islam ◽  
M Azizul Islam Kazi ◽  
M Moazzem Hossain ◽  
M Aminul Ahsan ◽  
AMM Maruf Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Cadmium Lead

Poultry is one of the major protein sources for people in Bangladesh. It is a promising sector. It requires large scale feed production activities. There are various sources of raw materials for poultry feed production. In many ways these sources can be associated with anthropogenic heavy metal pollution. It is better to monitor any probable propagation of heavy metals into the food chain through the final feeds rather than the various raw materials for feeds. Three widely used feeds - Usha, Fresh, and Saudi-Bangla feeds were selected for the study. Cadmium, lead, arsenic, mercury, selenium, chromium, manganese, nickel, copper, and zinc contents of all samples were measured. The detected maximum and minimum concentrations of these elements were found to be: 0.1852 ppm and 0.0232 ppm for cadmium, 20.6498 ppm and 0.6019 ppm for lead, 0.7640 ppm and 0.0069 ppm for arsenic, 0.0579 ppm and 0.0116 ppm for mercury, 0.0347 ppm and 0.0069 ppm for selenium, 5.7875 ppm and 0.0926 ppm for chromium, 302.2001 ppm and 0.0695 ppm for manganese, 5.1625 ppm and 0.0125 ppm for nickel, 37.5725 ppm and 0.0463 ppm for copper, and 422.3023 ppm and 0.0232 ppm for zinc. The "Poultry Feed Reference Standards, February 2002", prepared by Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Govt. of the People's Republic of Bangladesh contains no standards for the heavy metals as contaminants into poultry feeds which demands immediate attention. Key words: Heavy metal, Poultry feed, Environmental health. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(4), 465-474., 2007

scholarly journals The content of heavy metals in the raw materials of some representatives of the genus Paeonia L. in an urbanized environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-352
Author(s):  
Antonina A. Reut ◽  
Svetlana G. Denisova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Soil Solutions ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
The City ◽  
Maximum Content

At present, heavy metals are generally recognized as priority soil pollutants, while the most active pollutants are their mobile forms, which can pass from solid phases into soil solutions and be absorbed by plants. It is known that the vegetative mass of agricultural crops is capable of accumulating large amounts of heavy metals. Ornamental flower crops, which firmly occupy their ecological niche, are practically not considered from this point of view. The aim of this work was to study the features of the accumulation of heavy metals in the aboveground and underground organs of some representatives of the genus Paeonia L. in the urbanized environment of the city of Ufa. The objects of research were four species ( P. peregrina Mill., P. lactiflora Pall., P. lactiflora f. rosea, P. delavayi Franch.) (Family Paeoniaceae Rudolphi) and three varieties of hybrid peony (Appassionata, Mustai Karim, Jeanne dArc). The study of the elemental composition of the aboveground and underground parts was carried out according to the method Determination of As, Pb, Cd, Sn, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni in samples of food products and food raw materials by the atomic absorption method with electrothermal atomization. Mathematical data processing was carried out using generally accepted methods of variation statistics using the AgCStat software package in the form of an Excel add-in. Eight element studies are presented for each raw material group. Quantitative indicators of elements are given in mmol/kg of air-dry raw materials. It was revealed that in the studied samples the copper content was 4.152520.00 times higher than that of other elements. The minimum concentrations of arsenic (0.00350.0064 mmol/kg), chromium (0.00190.0046 mmol/ kg), manganese (0.01740.0219 mmol/ kg) and iron (0.00590.0125 mmol/ kg) were noted in the roots; lead (0.0030.037 mmol/kg), cadmium (0.00020.001 mmol/kg) and copper (0.14770.2134 mmol/kg) - in the leaves; nickel (0.00820.0179 mmol/kg) - in the flowers of the studied paeonies. The maximum content of arsenic (0.00620.0123 mmol/kg) and chromium (0.00280.0063 mmol/kg) was found in the leaves; lead (0.00270.0223 mmol/kg), nickel (0.01670.0209 mmol/kg), manganese (0.01730.0212 mmol/kg) and iron (0.00870.0138 mmol/kg) - in stems; cadmium (0.00020.0009 mmol/kg) and copper (0.1440.244 mmol/kg) - in flowers. Therefore, cutting paeonies in the autumn before retirement avoids the accumulation of these microelements in the soil. The results of the correlation analysis showed that the absolute values of the concentrations of the studied elements in the considered taxon of paeonies correlate with each other to a moderate and strong degree.

scholarly journals The Safety Assessment of Toxic Metals in Commonly Used Herbs, Spices, Tea, and Coffee in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5779
Author(s):  
Grażyna Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Target Hazard Quotient ◽  
Plant Materials

The presented study was aimed at the determination of the level of contamination with heavy metals (Cd, Pb, As, and Hg) in 240 samples of plant materials, i.e., herbal raw materials, spices, tea, and coffee. Moreover, a probabilistic risk assessment (noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks) was estimated by models including target hazard quotient (THQ) and cancer risk (CR). The samples were subjected to microwave mineralisation with the use of HNO3 (65%), while the determination of the content of the elements was performed with the use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP–MS) and a mercury analyser. The element which was characterised by the highest level of accumulation in the analysed samples was lead (from 0.010 to 5.680 mg/kg). Among the heavy metals under analysis, the lowest concentration was noted in the case of mercury (from 0.005 to 0.030 mg/kg). A notably higher level of contamination with heavy metals was noted in the analysed samples of herbs and spices (0.005–5.680 mg/kg), compared to samples of tea and coffee (0.005–0.791 mg/kg). According to the guidelines of the World Health Organisation (WHO) concerning the limits of contamination of samples of herbal raw materials with heavy metals, lead levels exceeding the limits were only noted in 24 samples of herbs (18%). In all of the analysed samples of spices, tea, and coffee, no instances of exceeded limits were noted for any of the analysed heavy metals. The values of TTHQmax (in relation to the consumption of the analysed products) were as follows: up to 4.23 × 10−2 for spices, up to 2.51 × 10−1 for herbs, up to 4.03 × 10−2 for China tea, and up to 1.25 × 10−1 for roasted coffee beans. As the value of THQ ≤1, there is no probability of the appearance of undesirable effects related to the consumption of the analysed group of raw materials and products of plant origin. The CR value for As (max. value) was 1.29 × 10−5, which is lower than the maximum acceptable level of 1 × 10−4 suggested by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA).

scholarly journals HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF THE CONTENT OF CHEMICALS IN THE SOIL OF MINING AREAS OF THE TRANS-BAIKAL REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Mikhailova ◽  
M. A. Solodukhina ◽  
O. G. Alekseeva ◽  
N. M. Burlaka ◽  
S. E. Lapa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Mining Areas

Introduction. Intensive exploration and processing of mineral raw materials in the Trans-Baikal territory has caused the accumulation of considerable amount of industrial mining waste with high content of chemical elements of different classes of hazard. Currently 33 tailings storage facilities (TSF) accumulating approximately 3 milliard tons of different industrial waste are located in the territory of the region. The aim of the research is the hygienic assessment of soil contamination in the residential areas adjacent to TSFs. Material and methods. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry method was used for the determination of heavy metals. The study presents the results of analyses of 444 samples of gross content of lead, zinc, copper, mercury, arsenic, and cadmium in the soil of Khapcheranga, Sherlovaya Gora, Kadaya, Vershino-Darasunsky, and Vershino-Shakhtaminsky mining villages throughout the duration of 2012 - 2015. Results. During the period of the study the total value of soil contamination with Zc calculated by the median concentrations in Khapcheranga Village amounted to 4.7 6.9, in Vershino-Shakhtaminaky - to 6.7 8.8, which corresponds to the «allowable» level of the contamination. Zc calculation by maximum concentrations has shown the soil to be referred to the category from “moderately dangerous” to “extremely dangerous”; this value in Khapcheranga Village amounted to 48.7 - 235.3, in Vershino-Shakhtaminsky Village - to 23.76 - 164.8. Discussion. In the residential areas the allowable degree of soil contamination was determined to be predominantly observed; Khapcheranga and Vershino-Shakhtaminsky villages are the exceptions. The results of the assessment give the evidence of tge increased lead, cadmium and arsenic content throughout the entire area of the villages, while the highest levels of accumulated toxic substances are registered in the areas located near the TSF Conclusion. Thus, several zones of natural and anthropogenous contamination with increased concentrations of heavy metals and arsenic have been formed in the Trans-Baikal Territory. This dictates the need to study the influence of geochemical anomalies on the health of population.

scholarly journals Determination of heavy metals (Pb and Cd) in guava pulps (psidium guajava) obtained in the city of Cartagena

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Diana Gómez-Marrugo ◽  
Glicerio León-Méndez ◽  
Jorge Puello-Silva ◽  
Miladys Torrenegra-Alarcon ◽  
Deisy León-Méndez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
The City

 El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los niveles de acumulación de metales pesados como el cadmio (Cd) y el plomo (Pb) derivados de actividades antropogénicas, como los humos metálicos de la soldadura y el tráfico de vehículos, en la pulpa de guayaba (Psidium guajava) en la ciudad de Cartagena. -Bolívar. Las muestras se dividieron en tres (3) grupos según la proximidad de las fuentes de contaminación. En el grupo 1, menos de 100 m de industrias metalúrgicas, las concentraciones de Cd en el rango de 0.0400 ± 0.33 mg / Kg y 0.0483 ± 0.15 mg / Kg, mientras que los valores de Pb oscilaron entre 0.036 ± 0.22 mg / kg y 0.060 ± 0.01 mg / kg . Para el grupo 2, se tomaron muestras en 3 lugares donde no se identificó claramente ninguna fuente de contaminación, lo que resultó en concentraciones de Cd 0.0215 ± 0.05 mg / Kg y 0.0260 ± 0.10 mg / Kg, mientras que para el Pb solo se encontró en una de las muestras cuyo valor fue 0.035 ± 0.15 mg / Kg. Finalmente, para el grupo 3, se tomaron muestras en 2 ubicaciones ubicadas a menos de 100 m de avenidas de alto tráfico, resultando en valores muy similares para Cd (0.0220 ± 0.13 mg / Kg y 0.0311 ± 0. 22 mg / Kg), mientras que para Pb el los valores fueron muy precisos (0.032 ± 0.35 mg / Kg y 0.029 ± 0.20 mg / Kg). Estas mediciones muestran cómo, en sitios cercanos a las actividades humanas, las concentraciones de estos metales pesados están en niveles más altos, lo que representa un peligro para su consumo debido a la bioacumulación en diferentes tejidos humanos.Palabras clave: metales pesados, humo metálico, contaminación, tráfico vehicular.

scholarly journals DEvELopMENT of TEOHNiQuEs FoR THE DETERMiNATioN oF MoisTuRE (Loss oN DRYING) oF MEDiOiNAL PLANT RAW MATERiALS oF MoRPHoLoGiOAL group “FRUiT” by infrared thermogravimetric method

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
D. A Zhdanov ◽  
V. B Braslavsky
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The State ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Thermogravimetric Method ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article is devoted to the development of new and perspective for the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (SP RF) techniques for determining of the moisture (loss on drying) of medicinal plant raw materials of the morphological group “Fruit” and medicinal plant preparations by the use of infrared thermogravimetric (IRTGM) method. The techniques for determination of moisture (loss on drying) IRTGM-method as exemplified by the fruit of the following medicinal plants: Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn., Rosa cinnamomea L. and Anethum graveolens L. were developed. The comparable results for determining of the moisture (loss on drying) of the medicinal plant raw materials of investigated plants were obtained by means of two methods: IRTGM and pharmacopoeial method, which allow us to recommend the developed techniques for inclusion into the relevant monographs of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation.

Production Waste as a Component of Raw Materials for Construction Ceramics

2020 ◽  
Vol 839 ◽  
pp. 184-188
Author(s):  
Victoria A. Gurieva ◽  
Anastasia A. Ilyina
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Ceramic Mixture ◽  
The Russian Federation

The paper considers the existing problems of the production of ceramic products in the territory of the Russian Federation, presents the priority directions of development of this industry. The study includes the determination of the properties of samples based on the raw material base of the Orenburg region, namely, waste generated during the development of brown coal from the Tyulgansk deposit - white and red clays and nickel slag of OJSC Yuzhuralnickel Combine of the Orenburg region. The study presents data from the study of the technological properties of the raw materials, the development of the composition of the ceramic mixture. The influence of the material composition of the clay / slag mixture on the physic mechanical characteristics of the products of the experimental compositions was determined: compressive strength, fire shrinkage, water absorption and density.

scholarly journals Determination of deoxynivalenol in feed, feed raw materials and food

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Nailya N. Mishina ◽  
◽  
Ivan N. Shtyrov ◽  
Zukhra H. Sagdeeva ◽  
Ramziya M. Potekhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Veterinary Services ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The article presents the survey data of 1830 average samples of feed, feed raw materials and food products received through the Test Center of the FSBSI «FCTRBS-RRVI»", provided by livestock and feed enterprises, agricultural companies, food manufacturers and 152 samples of feed provided by specialists of veterinary services , livestock enterprises, owners of peasant farms to determine the death of animals and birds, for the content of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) in the period from 2018 to 2020. Determination of the DON content in the samples was carried out according to a certified procedure based on the method of thin layer chromatography. In the course of summarizing the results, it was found that samples of feed, feed raw materials and food products received through the Test Center of the of the FSBSI «FCTRBS-RRVI» from different regions of the Russian Federation in terms of DON content corresponded to the normative indicators specified in the current regulatory and technical documentation. When determining the cause of death of animals and birds, 152 samples were examined, received from farms of different regions of the Republics of Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Mordovia, Kostroma and Ryazan regions. It was found that 1.97% of samples were contaminated with DON at concentrations from 0.2 to 0.5 mg/kg of feed, in the rest, the content of mycotoxin was below the sensitivity of the method (< 0.2 mg/kg), which does not exceed the limit permissible concentration. It was recommended to exclude feed contaminated with mycotoxin from the diet of animals, since at the established concentrations, DON is not the main etiological factor in the death of animals, but due to the presence of carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, embryotoxic and immunosuppressive properties, together with other factors, it is contributing.

scholarly journals Monitoring of technogenic soil pollution in manufacture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.E. Gubasheva ◽  
M.A. Khassenova ◽  
E.K. Akkereyeva
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Gas Processing ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
West Kazakhstan ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Ph Level ◽  
The City

The growth of production zones in the city of Aksai in the West Kazakhstan region leads to contamination of the soil cover, which, in turn, causes a chain reaction of pollution. Due to soil contamination, soil moisture and the underground surface are polluted. As a result, the processes in the soil change, the vital activity of plants, animals and microorganisms are disrupted. The article presents data on the study of changes in soil cover under the influence of human activity. The results of the conducted studies on the determination of the humus content and pH level, the content of heavy metals in technogenically disturbed soils in the adjacent territory of the natural gas processing enterprise are presented. The obtained data on the gross content and mobile forms of heavy metals indicates that the maximum permissible concentration level for these pollutants is not exceeded.

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