scholarly journals Palynological assessment of the atmosphere in the city of Cherepovets

2021 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 06003
Author(s):  
Alexandra Kamygina ◽  
Maria Smirnova ◽  
Natalia Afanasyeva ◽  
Nadezhda Poddubnaya
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Hay Fever ◽  
Herbaceous Plants ◽  
Total Spectrum ◽  
Pollen Trap ◽  
Betula Pollen ◽  
The City ◽  
Gravimetric Sampling

The article presents the results of the study of aeropalinological spectra of the city of Cherepovets (59 ° 07′59 ″ N, 37 ° 53′59 ″ E), carried out during the growing season 2014-2015. The method of gravimetric sampling was used (Durham’s pollen trap). Data was obtained on 22 taxa and the dynamics of dusting of various palynomorphs; the dominant taxa of palinospectrum were identified, as well as non-pollen palynomorphs in the air. It is shown that Betula pollen grains prevail in the atmosphere of the city. The pollen of woody plants occupies 80% of the total spectrum, and the pollen of herbaceous plants – 20%. Seasonal highs are recorded twice: in May and in late June – early July. This information must be taken into account when accompanying patients with hay fever.

scholarly journals Airborne pollen spectrum and hay fever type prevalence in Vinnitsa, central Ukraine

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Valeriivna Rodinkova
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Airborne Pollen ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Hay Fever ◽  
Urban Atmosphere ◽  
Pollen Spectrum ◽  
Airborne Allergen ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Gravimetric Sampling

<p>The article deals with the main pollen spectrum in relation to patients’ sensitivity determined in the ambient air of Vinnitsa city located in central Ukraine. The study performed by gravimetric sampling in the years 1999–2000 and by volumetric sampling in the years 2009–2014 showed that <em>Urtica</em>, <em>Betula</em>, <em>Pinus</em>, <em>Alnus</em>, <em>Fraxinus</em>, <em>Ambrosia</em>, <em>Artemisia</em>, <em>Juglans</em>, <em>Carpinus</em>, <em>Populus</em>, <em>Quercus</em>, <em>Acer</em>, <em>Salix</em>, Poaceae, Amarathaceae, and Polygonaceae pollen grains are prevalent among the airborne allergen types in the urban atmosphere. The principal pollen types remain the same but over time their quantities have changed. The relative abundance of <em>Carpinus</em> and Amaranthaceae airborne pollen decreased while the fraction of <em>Urtica</em> pollen increased in the last decade. From 50 to 69 pollen types were determined in the ambient air depending on the season. From 24 to 27 pollen types represented woody plants and from 22 to 46 pollen types belonged to the herbaceous plants. A considerable decrease in herbal pollen types is noted in the Vinnitsa air at present.</p><p>It was shown that children were sensitive to weed pollen grains, including ragweed, mugwort, and grass, while adults were more sensitive to tree and grass pollen grains. Further studies of the pollen spectrum in the ambient air of this city are required in order to control the hay fever symptoms.</p>

Pollen Quality in Woody Plants in the City Parks of Dnipro, Ukraine

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Olga Ivanchenko ◽  
Valentina Bessonova
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Pollen Quality ◽  
City Parks ◽  
Sterile Pollen ◽  
The City

This research was conducted to study pollen quality in woody plants in the city parks of Dnipro, which are located at various distances from the sources of anthropogenic pollution. It has been revealed that sterile pollen in its greatest abundance was present in plant species in the Park of Memory and Reconciliation and Molodyozhny park, as both are situated within the range of emission transfer from the Western Industrial Complex, while the least abundant sterile pollen was detected in the park named after Yu. Gagarin and that named after V. Dubinin. According to sterility indices, the pollen inBetula pendulaRoth. and that inAcer platanoidesL. were most sensitive to environmental pollution. In the city parks, the amounts of shrunk and abnormally shaped pollen grains increases; giant forms with grain diameters exceeding standard, as well as dwarf forms are not rare in occurrence. The highest percentage of pollen grains of atypical shape and size was observed in the same parks where the pollen sterility index had its highest values.

scholarly journals Phenological mismatches between above- and below-ground plant responses to climate warming: a global synthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiying Liu ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
Junjiong Shao ◽  
Xuhui Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Cycling ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Plant Phenology ◽  
Herbaceous Plants ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Below Ground

Abstract Climate warming is changing above-ground phenology of plants around the world1, 2. However, warming effects on below-ground phenology of plants are unclear despite that roots play a vital role in carbon cycling3. By conducting a global meta-analysis, we show a phenological mismatch between above- and below-ground plant responses to climate warming. Herbaceous plants advanced both the start and end of the growing season based on their above-ground responses, resulting into a shorter growing season. Below-ground phenophases did not exhibit any obvious changes in herbaceous plants. In contrast, climate warming did not affect the length of above-ground growing season but extended the below-ground growing season of woody plants. These results highlight that climate warming can differentially affect above- and below-ground plant phenology with mismatches arising in herbaceous plants via less responsive below-ground phenology whereas mismatches in woody plants via more responsive below-ground phenology. Mismatches in above- and below-ground plant phenology imply that terrestrial carbon cycling models exclusively based on above-ground responses are less accurate, which highlight the urgent need to incorporate below-ground plant phenology into future Earth system models.

Жизненное состояние древесных насаждений в условиях города Актобе (Казахстан)

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
S. A. Abiev ◽  
S. A. Aipeisova ◽  
N. A. Utarbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Health State ◽  
Urban Habitats ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Vital State ◽  
Ulmus Laevis ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
The City ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

<p>The purpose of our work is to assess the health state of woody plants growing in different habitats of the city of Aktobe. We have studied the health state of arboreal and shrubby plants growing in various urban habitats; the survey was conducted during 2016-2017 by route-visual method. We performed the analysis of species diversity, abundance and density in urban area. The assessment of health state of the trees was made according to V.A. Alekseev. From your data and literature review we established that such species as Ulmus pinnato-ramosa, Acer negundo, Populus tremula, Populus nigra, and Syringa vulgaris have strong winter resistnce in the territory of Aktobe; we registered that only their apex buds and emds of the shoots were frozen in severe winters. The medium-resistant speices include Ulmus laevis and Acer platonoides. They are less plastic and suffer from late spring and early autumn frosts. The Amorpha fruticosa, Vitis vinifera, and Parthenocissus guinguefolia could be considered as the non-resistant species, since they usually freeze up to the snow cover line. The analysis of the vital state made it possible to assess the resistance to urban conditions of the majority of trees and shrubs registered in urban habitats of Aktobe. According to the preliminary data, the origin of the plant and its winter resistance are of main importance when introducing new species to urban area.</p>

Temporal patterning of blooming phenology in Pedicularis on Mount Rainier

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 786-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Dale Adams
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Temporal Patterning ◽  
Flowering Pattern ◽  
Subalpine Meadow ◽  
Evolutionary Force ◽  
Mount Rainier ◽  
Pollinator Sharing ◽  
Blooming Phenology

The temporal patterning of flowering of five sympatric species of Pedicularis in a subalpine meadow is documented. Two species bloom early in the growing season, one is intermediate, and two flower toward the later part of the season. The differences between species are related to the range of blooming periods (in days), the number of inflorescences at maximum bloom, and the time of peak bloom. No significant variation in flowering pattern occurred during the years of observation (1977, 1978, and 1979). More than 93% of the time individual bumblebees continued to forage on the same Pedicularis species as was previously visited; yet when switches in the diet of the bees occurred, they were more likely to be to another species of Pedicularis. Although individuals of other genera were in bloom, the bees switched to the Pedicularis species most synchronous in time and space to the previously preferred Pedicularis species. Counts were made of the number of pollen grains per flower, the reward for foraging bees. The last species to flower had the greatest reward but also had the largest ratio of the number of pollen grains to the number of ovules as compared with the previously flowering Pedicularis species. These results suggest that pollinator sharing is an important evolutionary force but that the quantity of the pollen reward may be more related to the number of ovules.

scholarly journals Ecological and biological characteristics of the dendroflora of Cheboksary in the greening system of the city

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Konstantin Vitalyevich Samokhvalov ◽  
Evgeny Arkadievich Sinichkin ◽  
Aleksandr Petrovich Arsentiev
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Degree Of Participation ◽  
Economic Zones ◽  
The City

The paper presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of the species composition of Cheboksary. The analysis of the dendroflora of the urban environment was carried out according to 3 indicators: the territory of woody plants, the occurrence of woody plant species in landscaping, the structure of the landscaping system. The arboreal vegetation of Cheboksary is represented by 73 species belonging to 43 genera and 20 families. The predominant part of the dendroflora is represented by the covered-seeded plants (86,3%), the gymnosperms - 13,7%. In the dendroflora of green areas of the city, the most widely represented families are Rosaceae, Pinaceae, Salicaceae (48%). The analysis of the species composition of woody plants showed that in the functional and economic zones of Cheboksary plantings of general use are represented by 65 species, plantings of limited use - 52 species, plantings along the streets and main roads - 50 species. The analysis of the species composition of woody plants depending on the share of their participation in landscaping revealed that the greatest number of woody plants is used with low (51 species) and medium (50 species) share. The analysis of the degree of participation of woody plants in landscaping in the four identified functional and economic zones of Cheboksary found that the greatest number of taxa prevail with an average participation in the central zone (37 species), the coastal and suburban zones (36 species). The largest number of species of woody plants grow in the green areas of the central functional and economic zone, where the landscaping involved 66 species, the smallest number grow in the green areas of the industrial area (36 species).

scholarly journals Ecosystem Services and Disservices of Vegetation in Recreational Urban Blue-Green Spaces—Some Recommendations for Greenery Shaping

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1077
Author(s):  
Agata Ćwik ◽  
Tomasz Wójcik ◽  
Maria Ziaja ◽  
Magdalena Wójcik ◽  
Katarzyna Kluska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Plant Composition ◽  
Artificial Lake ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Multi Media ◽  
The City ◽  
Main Attraction

Urban water bodies are an important asset in terms of climate change. The accompanying vegetation is an integral part of the waterside space system and a source of ecosystem services and disservices. The composition of greenery in waterside spaces should therefore be preceded by detailed research. This research would be the basis for the development of recommendations for enhancement of the positive impact of vegetation on humans and minimisation of its negative effect. The aim of the study was to identify ecosystem services and disservices of vegetation in the four most important waterside recreation spaces in the city of Rzeszów, Poland, and to develop plant composition guidelines. A detailed inventory of vegetation and aerobiological monitoring of the presence of airborne allergenic pollen grains and fungal spores were carried out. Next, the ecosystem services and disservices of the vegetation were determined based on literature data and on our expert judgement. Additionally, a counting of the number of visitors to waterside areas was conducted. All these steps were used to develop recommendations for shaping the vegetation of study areas. The results of the investigations show that the boulevards along the artificial lake function completely differently than other investigated places as the area resembles an urban park, and the water is not the main attraction in this space. The vegetation of the boulevards and the nearby gravel-pit bathing area has mostly a spontaneous character and offers the widest range of ecosystem services and disservices. The management of the vegetation should focus on its health-enhancing values. The vegetation growing near the outdoor swimming pools has been designed by man. Nevertheless, it requires recomposing and is targeted specifically at the enhancement of the visual attractiveness. Additionally, there is a need for planting compact deciduous trees that will provide shade at the multi-media fountain.

scholarly journals Influence of Anthropogenic Factors on the State of Woody Plants in Volgograd

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
Tatyana Tereshchenko ◽  
Galina Sroslova ◽  
Margarita Postnova ◽  
Yuliya Zimina ◽  
Mikhail Sroslov
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Green Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Negative Factors ◽  
The City

Studies conducted in different cities have shown that trees growing in urbanized areas reduce noise levels and cleanse the air of solid particles, ozone, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide and other pollutants contained in car fumes, transport dust and generated by industry. The reaction to the influence of negative factors in woody plants is in disturbances in metabolism and biochemical composition, their general development also changes, and their population decreases. The indicators of disorders occurring at the cellular and tissue levels are more sensitive to the influence of negative anthropogenic factors in comparison with external manifestations. The research was carried out on woody plants: small-leaved linden (L. Tíliacordáta), horse chestnut (L. Aésculus); the soil. The research was carried out in 9 districts of Volgograd. The assessment of the state of woody plants was carried out by the visual method based on external signs. GOST methods were used to determine the concentrations of chemical elements in the foliage and soil of woody plants. Using physical and chemical methods, the concentrations of chemical elements in the soil and biomass of woody plants taken from the selected areas of the city of Volgograd were obtained, and the correlation between these indicators and the life state of woody plants was determined. The dependence of the indicators of the concentration of nutrients in the soil and the state and viability of woody plants was well traced. In general, the state of most of the woody plants of the city was healthy or moderately weakened. Such a high level of the life state is explained by the relatively young age structure of the studied plants, because at a young age woody plants are more resistant to negative factors of the urban environment. The revealed features of the life of woody plants in the city can be taken into account in the practice of city green building.

scholarly journals LATE BLOOMING OF PLANTS FROM NORTHERN NOVA SCOTIA: RESPONSES TO A MILD FALL AND WINTER

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Garbary ◽  
Jonathan Ferrier ◽  
Barry R. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Flowering Phenology ◽  
Flowering Date ◽  
Cornus Sericea ◽  
Allium Schoenoprasum ◽  
Herbaceous Dicots

Over 1400 flowering records of 135 species were recorded from over 125visits to more than 20 sites in Antigonish County, Nova Scotia from November2005 to January 2006, when the growing season is normally over. The speciesidentified were primarily herbaceous dicots; however, there were four speciesof woody plants (Cornus sericea, Spiraea latifolia, Symphoricarpos albusand Salix sp.) and one monocot (Allium schoenoprasum). The number ofspecies flowering declined linearly as fall progressed, as did the amountof flowering for each species. Nevertheless, over 40 species were still inflower in early December, and over 20 species flowered in January. Thefinal flowering date was 21 January, when ten species were found. Thiswork builds on a previous study in 2001, when 93 species were recordedin flower during November-December. In addition to the 30% increase inrecorded species in 2005, almost 50% of the species found in 2005 werenot recorded in 2001. This study provides an expanded baseline againstwhich changes in flowering phenology can be evaluated with respect tosubsequent regional climate change.Key Words: Antigonish, flowering, Nova Scotia, phenology, climate change

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