scholarly journals Restoration of the disturbed natural hydrological regime of the fish-breeding channel Kazachy Yerik within the framework of fishery reclamation

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 03007
Author(s):  
Dmitry Larin ◽  
Evgeny Mikhaylov ◽  
Elena Staseva
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Fish Breeding ◽  
Channel Water ◽  
Fish Industry ◽  
Economic Use

Intensive economic use of small rivers and channel water bodies leads to their pollution and siltation. The anthropogenic impact on aquatic ecosystems negatively affects the state of the fish industry, which leads to a reduction in the spawning fund, deterioration of the conditions for reproduction and survival of juveniles. Violation of the existing conditions for the habitat and reproduction of aquatic organisms leads to a decrease in the productivity of water bodies and the loss of their fishery value. The inflow from the catchment area of solid and liquid runoff containing organic matter, oil products and other impurities of anthropogenic and technogenic origin leads to irreversible entry, siltation and shallowing of small rivers and channel water bodies. The restoration of the disturbed hydrological regime of water bodies by means of reclamation works contributes to the restoration of natural spawning grounds for commercial fish species, an increase in yield and productivity.

Dependence of efficiency of natural fish reproduction in water bodies of Kazakhstan from water level

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
K.B. Isbekov ◽  
E.V. Kulikov ◽  
S.Zh. Asylbekova
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Fish Reproduction ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Impact

The article deals with the relationship between the hydrological regime of water bodies and the efficiency of fish reproduction. The hydrological regime of water bodies in years of different water content influences the reproduction and, accordingly, the quantitative and qualitative composition of ichthyocenoses. The easiest way to assess the efficiency of fish reproduction is by such an indicator as the productivity of juveniles, i.e. the number of juvenile fish per unit area or volume. The material for this work was carried out in large fishing reservoirs of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the process of fishery research (2013–2018). Comparison of hydrological parameters and productivity of juveniles by years shows their relationship. Correlation coefficient between water content (runoff) of the river Zhaiyk and juvenile yield +0.73 (data set for 11 years, reliable for the level of significance p = 0.01). The yield of juvenile fish from Lake Balkhash has a high correlative dependence on the inflow of water into the lake (r = +0.826) (massif 2013–2018, reliable for the level of significance p = 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the productivity of juvenile fish in the Kapshagai reservoir has an average degree of dependence on water content (average annual level) (r = +0.641, reliable for the level of significance p = 0.05). Regular relationships between the water regime and the efficiency of reproduction (productivity of juveniles) of fish have been established. The efficiency of natural reproduction of commercial fish species in modern conditions of the water regime, water withdrawal for economic needs and the impact of fishing is significantly reduced, but with the implementation of the reclamation measures proposed in the work, its partial restoration is possible.

scholarly journals FISH FAUNA OF SMALL RIVERS OF CENTRAL VOLGA AREA (KAZANKA RIVER)

2019 ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Vladimir Vyacheslavovich Kuznetsov ◽  
Vyacheslav Alekseevich Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
The Body ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Kuibyshev Reservoir ◽  
Commercial Fish

The article considers the specific structure of the fish fauna in the Kazanka River in the late XIX - early XXI. In the lower reaches of the river, according to the documents of 1995-1996, there lived 22 fish species, and in the middle part of the river there are16 species in 2009-2017. These are mainly representatives of the carp family (Cyprinidae), of which 9 species belong to the Ponto-Caspian faunistic complex and 10 species - to the boreal lowland. The amphiboreal complex consisted of 5 species. In the middle reaches of the river, unlike the lower reaches, a loach was encountered. Differences in species diversity in the lower and middle reaches of the river are associated with changes in the hydrological regime characteristic of the Kuibyshev Reservoir, which is observed in the river. The presence of a continuous current caused the disappearance or significant reduction in the number of commercial fish (pike perch, catfish, bluebone, sabrefish). In different years silver crucian, ruff and bleak dominated in fish catches in the middle reaches of the river, the abundance of which ranged from 27.5 to 86.4%. Starting from 2012 in the Kazanka River the proportion of crucian in catches increased significantly. This is connected with its transition from gynogenetic triploid form, when there were only females in the population, to diploid (bisexual) form, and with a high degree of resistance to various pollutants. In the catches there were found silver crucian species at the age 4+ - 8+ years, body length 12.0-22.0 cm. The growth of this species in the Kazanka river was slower than in the Volga reaches near Kuibyshev Reservoir. In some years, ruff also prevailed in the catches making up 27.5-47.7% of the total fish catch, but the fluctuation of its population was high due to the fish death caused by frequent discharge of polluted water into the river. In catches ruff occurred at the age of 0+ - 4+ , body length 5.0-12.0 cm. The body length of of even-aged ruff individuals in the river was less than that in Kuibyshev Reservoir. Bleak dominated in catches only in 2009, accounting for 86.4% of the catch. Shannon index on the Kazanka River in some years ranged from 0.94 to 2.57 bits and was defined by both the number of species and the indicator of abundance.

ASSESSMENT OF BIOINDICATORS OF HOMEOSTASIS CONSTANTS REPAIRING STURGEON FISH STUFF

Fisheries ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (5) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Aliya Akhmedzhanova ◽  
Sergey Ponomarev
Keyword(s):  
Physiological State ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
The Body ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Physiological Control ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Age Replacement ◽  
Sturgeon Fish

More recently, sturgeon fish were classified as a national treasure of our country, since among the world's reserves, Russia accounted for up to 90%. Nevertheless, over the past 10-15 years there has been a catastrophic decline in sturgeon stocks in almost all water bodies of the country. The main reason for the widespread landslide decline in stocks of sturgeon fish is the excess of the withdrawal over the recruitment of generations. In conditions of anthropogenic pollution of water bodies, the creation of sturgeon broodstock using industrial methods of rearing is a way to preserve the gene pool of these most valuable representatives of the world ichthyofauna and obtain seedlings for commercial fish farming. In connection with the use of industrial methods of fish rearing, the need for their physiological control increases. One of the sensitive methods that allows you to quickly and accurately establish the physiological state of fish, as well as assess the conditions for their cultivation, is the physiological-biochemical, hematological method, the leukocyte formula, since blood is a polyfunctional system of the body that dynamically responds to all changes, both internal and external. Wednesday. The aim of the study is to determine the boundaries of the reference values in terms of physiological, biochemical, hematological indicators, as well as the leukocyte formula in aquatic organisms of different-age replacement broodstock of sterlet and the quality of conditions for its cultivation in the conditions of the cage complex.

Hydroecological role of forest in formation of regime of water resources

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Дмитриева ◽  
Vera Dmitrieva ◽  
Нефедова ◽  
Yevgenia Nefedova
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Natural State ◽  
State Of Water ◽  
Forest Distribution ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Specific Impact

Intensive economic use of water resources as well as disregard for mechanisms of forma-tion of their composition and properties often leads to negative transformation of water bodies’ state. Reinforcement of forest capacity to protect water is one of the most important ways to conserve natural state of water resources. In considered Voronezh region insular forest distribution determines specific impact to elements of the water cycle and regulation of hydrological regime of water bodies.

scholarly journals Regularities of the distribution of macrozoobenthos communities in the conditions of the rivers of Central and Northern Altai as an indicator of the ecological state of water bodies

2021 ◽  
Vol 270 ◽  
pp. 01030
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Khudyakova ◽  
Oksana Safonova ◽  
Olga Vozniychuk
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
The State ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Structure Of Communities ◽  
State Of Water ◽  
Euclidean Distances ◽  
State Of The Environment

In modern conditions of Gorny Altai, with an increase in anthropogenic load on the ecosystems of the region, it becomes important to assess environmental pollution. The state of the environment monitoring is a topical direction of science. The work analyzes the distribution and structural features of macrozoobenthos communities in the rivers of Altai. Revealed 25 species of invertebrate aquatic organisms belonging to 4 types and 6 classes. Benthic communities of 12 different water bodies of the Northern and Central Altai have been analyzed. Analysis of the studied structure of groups based on Euclidean distances for the shares of species in communities showed that they can be divided into three classes depending on the dominant species in them. The scheme based on the Jaccard index made it possible to reveal the influence of environmental factors that determine the structure of macrozoobenthos communities in Altai rivers. It was revealed that the anthropogenic factor has an indirect effect on the structure of communities of aquatic organisms; therefore, the macrofauna of aquatic organisms can be used as a primary indicator of the state of aquatic ecosystems.

scholarly journals Redox Reactions in Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L. under Industrial Impacts

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-305
Author(s):  
Gregory I. Shiryaev ◽  
◽  
Galina G. Borisova ◽  
Daria A. Shchukina ◽  
Nadezhda V. Chukina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Protein Thiols ◽  
Floating Macrophyte

Aquatic ecosystems are very sensitive to industrial impacts, and, therefore, it is increasingly important to study the mechanisms underlying the tolerance of aquatic organisms to water pollution. Heavy metals (HMs) are among the most common and toxic pollutants of aquatic ecosystems. They have a particularly strong effect on macrophytes, which are in close contact with the aquatic environment and can accumulate metals in considerable quantities. Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L. is a floating macrophyte (pleistophyte) with a high capacity for accumulation of HMs. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of industrial pollution on the redox reactions in H. morsus-ranae and to identify the role of low molecular weight antioxidants in adaptation of this macrophyte to unfavorable conditions. A comparative analysis of the physiological and biochemical characteristics of H. morsus-ranae from two (reference and impacted) water bodies was carried out. The study revealed an increased level of lipid peroxidation products in the leaves of H. morsus-ranae under industrial impact, which indicates oxidative stress. Nevertheless, this floating plant demonstrated fairly high resistance to adverse conditions, due to the synthesis of non-enzymatic antioxidants such as proline and soluble protein thiols. Revealing the response of macrophytes to pollution of water bodies will help predict the state of aquatic ecosystems with an increase in anthropogenic pressure

scholarly journals Ecological condition of the small rivers Ik and Syun in the Sharansky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Elvina Rishatovna Nafikova ◽  
Aysylu Airatowna Islamova
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic

Currently the negative impact of man on aquatic ecosystems is very noticeable. This, in the final analysis, was reflected in the change in the hydrological regime of rivers and lakes. Environmental conditions in many water bodies deteriorated sharply. There are also acute exacerbations of water management situations, deterioration of water use conditions due to the lack of scientifically based principles of nature management in the catchment area, and quantitative and qualitative depletion of water resources due to the combined impact of various sectors of the national economy The ecological state of water bodies largely depends on external influences, the magnitude of which should not exceed the permissible limits. In this case, the ecosystem maintains its stability. The paper deals with the assessment of the ecological state of rivers and their resistance to polluting effects, in particular, an assessment of the quality of the water of the Ik and Syun rivers in the Sharansky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Physico-chemical and organoleptic analyses of the rivers have been carried out. The research was conducted in September-May 2016-2017. The analysis of the water was carried out in the analytical laboratories of the Tuimazy inter-district branch of the FBU Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The water quality in the river was estimated using the Mayer index.

CRITICAL FACTORS OF WATER CONTENT FOR FISH STOCKS IN THE WATER RESERVOIRS OF KAZAKHSTAN

2017 ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Saule Zhangirovna Asylbekova ◽  
Kuanysh Baibulatovich Isbekov ◽  
Evgeniy Vyacheslavovich Kulikov
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Annual Fish ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Fish Stocks

The hydrological regime of water reservoirs in different years has a decisive impact on the abundance of commercial fish stocks and the quality of ichthyocenoses. In this connection in 2015-2016 there was conducted a retrospective analysis and ranking of hydrological regime impact on these factors. The paper gives evaluation of catches and fish stocks under different scenarios of water availability in the main fishing ponds of the Republic of Kazakhstan that give about 80% of the annual fish catch of the country (except the Caspian Sea). There were analyzed 2000 factors of hydrological regime (water level, annual discharge) and 1845 factors of fishing stocks (catches, abundance, fish biomass). The paper determines the critical characteristics of water availability for fish stocks. There have been proposed a number of administrative decisions and actions in case if water content would approach to the critical level. Among them: limitation of fish catches in the following year; widening zones restricted for fishing; intensification of safety measures of the fish young in residual ponds during arid periods; introduction of catch standards for a unit of fishing effort in low-water years, high-water years and years with normal water level in rivers.

scholarly journals The Role of Aquatic Ecosystems (River Tua, Portugal) as Reservoirs of Multidrug-Resistant Aeromonas spp.

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 698
Author(s):  
Sónia Gomes ◽  
Conceição Fernandes ◽  
Sandra Monteiro ◽  
Edna Cabecinha ◽  
Amílcar Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Resistance Rates

The inappropriate use of antibiotics, one of the causes of the high incidence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria isolated from aquatic ecosystems, represents a risk for aquatic organisms and the welfare of humans. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance rates among riverine Aeromonas spp., taken as representative of the autochthonous microbiota, to evaluate the level of antibacterial resistance in the Tua River (Douro basin). The prevalence and degree of antibiotic resistance was examined using motile aeromonads as a potential indicator of antimicrobial susceptibility for the aquatic environment. Water samples were collected from the middle sector of the river, which is most impacted area by several anthropogenic pressures. Water samples were plated on an Aeromonas-selective agar, with and without antibiotics. The activity of 19 antibiotics was studied against 30 isolates of Aeromonas spp. using the standard agar dilution susceptibility test. Antibiotic resistance rates were fosfomycin (FOS) 83.33%, nalidixic acid (NA) 60%, cefotaxime (CTX) 40%, gentamicin (CN) 26.67%, tobramycin (TOB) 26.67%, cotrimoxazole (SXT) 26.67%, chloramphenicol (C) 16.67%, and tetracycline (TE) 13.33%. Some of the nalidixic acid-resistant strains were susceptible to fluoroquinolones. Multiple resistance was also observed (83.33%). The environmental ubiquity, the natural susceptibility to antimicrobials and the zoonotic potential of Aeromonas spp. make them optimal candidates for studying antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in aquatic ecosystems. Aquatic environments may provide an ideal setting for the acquisition and dissemination of antibiotic resistance because anthropogenic activities frequently impact them. The potential risk of multi- and pan-resistant bacteria transmission between animals and humans should be considered in a “One Health—One World” concept.

On methodological approaches to the improvement of surface water bodies and target indicators of the natural waters’ quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
V. Zaslonovsky ◽  
◽  
N. Sharapov ◽  
M. Bosov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Natural Water Bodies

The paper is devoted to the development of proposals concerning the improvement of surface water bodies and the appointment of target indicators of the natural waters’ quality. The paper considers a variety of problems of preserving, restoring and improving the quality of natural surface waters: from regional features of the formation of natural water composition, to differences in the requirements for the quality of water consumed. The object of the study is the qualitative indicators of the waters of natural water bodies, and the subject of the study is the methodological approaches to the normalization of these indicators. The purpose of the work is to identify the main shortcomings in the domestic system of rationing the quality of natural waters, and to form appropriate proposals. For this purpose, the following tasks were set and solved: to review the methodological approaches to assessing and rationing the quality of natural waters used in some foreign countries and in the Russian Federation, to identify the main causes and shortcomings; to make proposals for improving the current system of water quality rationing. The result of this work is the conclusions about the lack of impact of the strategy operating in Russia in the development of schemes of complex use and protection of water objects, standards of permissible impact on water bodies, the appointment of permissible discharge limits in terms of maintaining and improving the water quality of natural water bodies. The reasons that led to this are indicated. The necessity of taking into account, in addition to the physical and chemical composition, also hydrobiological parameters is shown. It is concluded that instead of fisheries management standards, environmental standards should serve as the basis for target indicators of water quality of natural water bodies, which determine the well-being of humans and the stable functioning of aquatic ecosystems, taking into account regional factors. Proposals were made to adjust the methodological approaches to the implementation of this strategy. According to the authors, these proposals will speed up the solution of the main objectives of the strategy – the ecological improvement of water bodies, the preservation of unique aquatic ecosystems and the environmentally safe development of territories that previously experienced relatively small anthropogenic impacts (Eastern Siberia and the Far East)

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