scholarly journals The importance of outdoor lessons for students

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 12126
Author(s):  
V. P. Zinchenko
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Art History ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Student Work ◽  
Graphics Design ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Goals And Objectives

In the article, we consider the problems of teaching painting to students of art specialties in plein air practice. Based on a historical study of the stages of development and formation of landscape as an independent genre in the fine arts, the specifics, and features of teaching the art of painting in the open air are determined. The definition of the concept “Motif in the fine arts” is being clarified. The dependence of the format of practical tasks and stages of work on a pictorial etude on the goals and objectives of teaching painting in the plein air is established. Research methods: analysis of literature on the research problem (art history, theory, and methods of teaching fine arts, etc.); student work performed in plein air practice; works of famous artists; survey of students and teachers. The results of the research can be used in the process of teaching painting to bachelors, masters, and specialists in the field of painting, graphics, design, architecture.

Art history papers in a general manuscripts collection: the case of the National Library of Scotland

1985 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Iain Gordon Brown
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
British Library ◽  
National Library ◽  
Definition Of

This paper was read at the Planning Conference for the projected Artists’ Papers Index, held at the British Library in September 1985. Dr. Brown discusses some problems inherent in the definition of such an index or register of artists’ papers. The author, who is responsible for manuscripts and archives relating to artists and art history in the National Library of Scotland, goes on to outline the resources for art-historical study to be found in one large general manuscript collection-a major collection that is part of an institution with a long-established and very active acquisitions policy in this field.

scholarly journals ALEXANDER STREKAVIN’S (1889–1971) DRAWINGS OF MITAU – EVIDENCE FOR THE 19TH– EARLY 20TH-CENTURY INVENTIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 653-679
Author(s):  
Silvija Ozola
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Art History ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Art Museum ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Technical Innovations ◽  
The 19Th Century

Mitau, the former capital of the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia, became the Courland Governorate centre with the Governor’s residence in a palace on an island formed by the Driksa, the branch of the Lielupe River, and great changes have taken place in this city. Artist Alexander Aleksandrovich Strekavin, who born in Mitau on 17 September 1889, studied art history, read books, investigated documents in the museum, listened to people’s stories and completed materials about events and the development of his native city. His drawings introduce with the new iron bridge for traffic and technical innovations – bicycles, the first car in the Baltics and the first phonograph in Mitau, clothes of citizens during the 19th century and at the beginning 20th century. Since the 1950s, six notebooks in Latvian with memoirs recalling by Aleksander Strekavin and an illustrative appendix – a collection of his drawings “The Atlas of Notes on Ancient Mitau” are in the funds of Jelgava History and Art Museum of Ģederts Eliass. Research object: drawings of artist Alexander Strekavin. Research goal: analysis of changes in Mitau during the 19th century and at the beginning 20th century. Research problem: Strekavin’s drawings stored in the funds of Jelgava History and Art Museum have not been studied. Research novelty: analysis of information on technical innovations included in “The Atlas of Notes on Ancient Mitau”. Research methods: studies of published literature, cartographic materials and archive documents.

scholarly journals Towards an Art History of the Parish Church, 1200–1399

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Art History ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Parish Church ◽  
Medieval Church ◽  
History Of ◽  
Parish Churches ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Art And Architecture ◽  
Courtauld Institute

Estimated at numbering between eight and nine thousand, parish churches containing at least some medieval building fabric are ubiquitous in the English landscape. Yet, despite their quotidian familiarity, parish churches have not, by and large, been treated consistently or systematically as deserving of the attention of art historical study. This collection of essays comes out of a conference held at the Courtauld Institute of Art in June 2017 and focuses on the two centuries between 1200 and 1399. This period represents the most notable lacuna in scholarship, even though the parish church was fully solidified as an administrative category and arguably as a building type. Compared with the smaller corpus of the Romanesque period or the late medieval church after 1400, which draws on greater availability of documentary evidence in the form of churchwarden accounts, these two centuries have been historically understudied. The ten diverse essays contained within this volume explore the art and architecture of parish churches through a variety of lenses, methodologies, and perspectives, ranging from (re)considerations of the very definition of the parish church to phenomenological explorations of their component parts, as well as case studies of their decorative schemes. An Afterword by Paul Binski reflects upon his 1999 essay, ‘The English Parish Church and its Art in the Later Middle Ages: A Review of the Problem’ and considers the place of anthropology in our developed study of the parish church.

Rusologia as a complex scientific study of Early Rus

Servis plus ◽  
10.12737/3900 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
Валерий Чудинов ◽  
Valeriy Chudinov
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of

The article provides a definition of a prospective complex scientific discipline on Rus — rusologia (russologie). The author dwells on the resource-base and borrowed names of individual periods of history of Rus, demonstrates nomination analogies relevant for a complex historical study of states other than Rus, and lists innovative scientific methods peculiar to this particular discipline. The article contains illustrations, which serve to demonstrate the potential of the new epigraphic research methods, and presents critical views of them, as well as the author´s arguments in their favour. The author dares to assume that rusologia (russologie) is to become a complex scientific discipline, a distinct study of Rus and its inhabitants (the rusiches). With Rus´s population worshiping different Vedic gods on an alternating basis, the author deems it consistent to nominalise each period of Rus´s history accordingly. Thus, the subdisciplines of rusologia (rossulogie) are Mokosh/ (Mokos) — rusologia, Mara-rusologia, Rod-rusologia, Yar-rusologia, Arctorusologia, Slavic-rusologia and Pre-Romanov-rusologia. Each subdiscipline is responsible for a particular period of the historical development of Rus and the rusiches. Later periods are central to the study of such disciplines as Russian cultural anthropology, Russian historiography, the old and modern Russian language etc.

CONCERNING IRINA DANILOVA

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
Mikhail Ya. Libman
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Art History ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
The State ◽  
State Institute ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Museum Of Fine Arts

We publish here an excerpt from an article by M.Ya. Libman, which introduced the collection of articles by I.E. Danilova (1984) [Libman 1984, pp. 7–11]. This article summarizes the main range of I.E. Danilova’s professional interests, the main research methods and characteristics of her creative achievements in the context of those of contemporary colleagues. M.Ya. Libman’s evaluation is especially significant, since he was a long-term close colleague and scholarly collaborator of Irina Evgenievna at the State A.S. Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts and at the State Institute of Art History

scholarly journals The Bauhaus Pots and Cups Express the Spirit of the Twentieth Century: Design in Art History and Pevsner's Definition of the Modern Movement

Res Mobilis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
Rebeka Vidrih
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
Art History ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Design ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Modern Movement

Nikolaus Pevsner’s Pioneers of Modern Movement is considered the foundational text of two new historical fields, the history of modern architecture and the history of design. This contribution, nevertheless, discusses this text in the context of art-historical discipline. Pevsner himself namely understood his work as a complement to Kunstgeschichte: by defining the ‘Modern Movement’ in established art-historical terms and also by discussing not only architecture but attempting to define the style and the worldview expressed in it for the whole period and all of visual arts. Specifically, this contribution is interested in the place that Pevsner allocated to the design within his art-historical edifice, since inclusion of objects of everyday use within an art-historical study was not (and still is not) usual. For Pevsner, on the contrary, design (linked to architecture) turns out to be a key component of his narrative, even if not for aesthetic but rather for moral or social reasons.

Peculiarities of family roles distribution in the marrige subsystem

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (152) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
O. O. Oliinyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Psychological Climate ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Problem Analysis ◽  
Family Roles ◽  
Marital Relations ◽  
The Family

Changing the system of family values, views of the society on the significance and functioning of the family institution contribute to the transformation of marital role relationships in modern families. The already formed model of role interaction, the ability of spouses to define and clearly distribute family roles and to treat them responsibly is the important factors in building constructive marital relations and creating a favorable psychological climate in the family. Objective. The research deals with the analysis of the essence of the “family role” concept and the classification of family roles; experimental definition and analysis of the main types of family roles in marital relations. Methods. Theoretical research methods were used to solve the research problem: analysis of scientific psychological literature, generalization method, systematization of scientific information. To solve the second part of the set objective, the empirical research methods were used, such as: conversation, psychodiagnostic method “Distribution of roles in the family” by Yu.Ye. Alioshyna, L.Ya. Hofman, O.M. Dubrovska, and also the method of processing and quantitative and qualitative interpretation of results. The research was conducted during September-October 2020. The study involved 11 married couples (husband and wife) with different marital experience of 22 people aged 25 to 47 years (Kyiv). All the couples have children aged 1 to 20 years. The results of an empirical study of the peculiarities of family roles distribution showed that the roles of entertainment organizer (63.64 %), master (mistress), (72.73 % and 63.64 %), the family subculture organizer (54, 55 % and 45.45 %) women and men share almost equally; the roles of educator and “psychotherapist” is more typical for women (90.91 % and 81.82 %); The role of sexual partner and the partner responsible for material support is more often performed by men (90.91 % and 72.73 %). The prospects for further research are seen in the study of role interaction in the parental families of adolescents and young people as a prerequisite for their future family roles.

Recording Epigraphic Sources as Part of Artworks

2020 ◽  
pp. 128-144
Author(s):  
Gabriele Pieke
Keyword(s):  
Original Artwork ◽  
Art History ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Color Data ◽  
Written Word

Art history has its own demands for recording visual representations. Objectivity and authenticity are the twin pillars of recording artistic data. As such, techniques relevant to epigraphic study, such as making line drawings, may not always be the best approach to an art historical study, which addresses, for example, questions about natural context and materiality of the artwork, the semantic, syntactic, and chronological relation between image and text, work procedures, work zones, and workshop traditions, and interactions with formal structures and beholders. Issues critical to collecting data for an art historical analysis include recording all relevant information without overcrowding the data set, creating neutral (i.e., not subjective) photographic images, collecting accurate color data, and, most critically, firsthand empirical study of the original artwork. A call for greater communication in Egyptology between epigraphy/palaeography and art history is reinforced by drawing attention to images as tools of communication and the close connection between the written word and figural art in ancient Egypt.

scholarly journals Virtual Loom: a tool for the interactive 3D representation of historical fabrics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Portalés ◽  
Manolo Pérez ◽  
Pablo Casanova-Salas ◽  
Jesús Gimeno
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
Current Version ◽  
Close Collaboration ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Interactive 3D ◽  
Silk Fabrics ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
3D Representations

Abstract3D modelling of man-made objects is widely used in the cultural heritage sector, among others. It is relevant for its documentation, dissemination and preservation. Related to historical fabrics, weaves and weaving techniques are still mostly represented in forms of 2D graphics and textual descriptions. However, complex geometries are difficult to represent in such forms, hindering the way this legacy is transmitted to new generations. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of SILKNOW’s Virtual Loom, an interactive tool aimed to document, preserve and represent in interactive 3D forms historical weaves and weaving techniques of silk fabrics, dating from the 15th to the 19th centuries. To that end, our tool only requires an image of a historical fabric. Departing from this image, the tool automatically subtracts the design, and allows the user to apply different weaves and weaving techniques. In its current version, the tool embeds five traditional weaving techniques, 39 weaves and six types of yarns, which have been defined thanks to close collaboration of experts in computer graphics, art history and historical fabrics. Additionally, users can change the color of yarns and produce different 3D representations for a given fabric, which are interactive in real time. In this paper, we bring the details of the design and implementation of this tool, focusing on the input data, the strategy to process images, the 3D modelling of yarns, the definition of weaves and weaving techniques and the graphical user interface. In the results section, we show some examples of image analysis in order to subtract the design of historical fabrics, and then we provide 3D representations for all the considered weaving techniques, combining different types of yarns.

scholarly journals ‘A transverse scar on the neck’ – psychosomatic approach in the differential diagnosis and surgical treatment of hyperthyroidism in post-war Finland

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-156
Author(s):  
Eve-Riina Hyrkäs
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Somatic Illness ◽  
Post War ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Mind

AbstractIn the Finnish medical discussion during the middle decades of the twentieth century, the challenging differential diagnostics between hyperthyroidism and various neuroses was perceived to yield a risk of unnecessary surgical interventions of psychiatric patients. In 1963, the Finnish surgeon Erkki Saarenmaa claimed that ‘the most significant mark of a neurotic was a transverse scar on the neck’, a result of an unnecessary thyroid surgery. The utterance was connected to the complex nature of thyroid diseases, which seemed to be to ‘a great extent psychosomatic’. Setting forth from this statement, the article aims to decipher the connection between hyperthyroidism, unnecessary surgical treatment and the psychosomatic approach in Finnish medicine. Utilising a wide variety of published medical research and discussion in specialist journals, the article examines the theoretical debate around troublesome diagnostics of functional complaints. It focuses on the introduction of new medical ideas, namely the concepts of ‘psychosomatics’ and ‘stress’. In the process, the article aims to unveil a definition of psychosomatic illness that places it on a continuum between psychological and somatic illness. That psychosomatic approach creates a space with interpretative potential can be applied to the historiography of psychosomatic phenomena more generally. Further inquiry into the intersections of surgery and psychosomatics would enrich both historiographies. It is also argued that the historical study of psychosomatic syndromes may become skewed, if the term ‘psychosomatic’ is from the outset taken to signify something that is all in the mind.

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